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Husen M, Engrav SK, Saul D, Stuart MJ, Milbrandt TA, Levy BA, Krych AJ, Saris DB. Differences in Trampoline-Related Knee Injuries Between Children and Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231209666. [PMID: 37954864 PMCID: PMC10637177 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231209666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the specific risk of knee injuries due to trampoline accidents in adults compared with children. Purpose To investigate the differences in trampoline-related knee injuries between children and adults and identify risk factors and protective strategies to reduce injury incidence. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Data on 229 consecutive patients treated for trampoline-related knee injuries in a single institution were prospectively collected, analyzed, and included. Risk factors, injury patterns, and clinical treatments were compared between skeletally immature and skeletally mature patients. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios for specific risk factors for trampoline-related injuries-including body mass index (BMI), trauma mechanism, patient age, and accident location. Results A total of 229 patients met the inclusion criteria; 118 (52%) patients (women, 54.2%; mean age, 8.5 ± 4.1 years) were skeletally immature at the time of injury, and 111 (48%) patients (women, 72%; mean age, 31.9 ± 13.1 years) had closed physes on initial presentation and were classified as skeletally mature. A total of 63 patients (28%) required surgical treatment for their knee injury. Overall, 50 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, 46 fractures, 39 meniscal tears, 31 ligamentous tears other than ACL, 22 patellar dislocations, and 38 soft tissue injuries, such as lacerations, were recorded. Skeletally mature patients had 7.8 times higher odds (95% CI, 1.6-46.8; P < .05) and 19.1 increased odds (95% CI, 5.5-74.9; P < .05) of an ACL tear or another ligamentous tear, respectively, compared with skeletally immature patients. Patients who described instability and giving way of the knee as relevant trauma mechanisms had odds of 3.11 (95% CI, 0.9-14.8; P < .05) of an ACL tear compared with other trauma mechanisms. Meniscal tears were observed more frequently in the skeletally mature cohort (P < .05). An elevated BMI was associated with a significantly higher relative risk of an ACL tear, a ligamentous tear other than the ACL, and an injury requiring surgery. A third of surgically treated patients were subject to a delayed diagnosis. Conclusion Adults had a significantly increased risk of ligamentous and meniscal tears and required operative intervention more often than skeletally immature individuals. Elevated BMI, age, and instability events in terms of trauma mechanism conveyed an increased risk of structural damage to the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samantha K. Engrav
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dominik Saul
- Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael J. Stuart
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Todd A. Milbrandt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bruce A. Levy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aaron J. Krych
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniël B.F. Saris
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Das JM, Baig A, Togarepi N, Soon WC, Gallo P, Walsh AR, Solanki GA, Rodrigues D, Lo WB. Trampoline-Associated Cranial and Spinal Injuries: A 10-Year Study in a Pediatric Neurosurgery Center. Cureus 2023; 15:e39097. [PMID: 37332436 PMCID: PMC10270429 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There has been an increasing use of trampolines for recreation by children in recent years. Many studies have explored the different types of injuries sustained due to falls from trampolines, but so far none have focused specifically on cranial and spinal injuries. In this study, we describe the pattern of cranial and spinal injuries sustained by pediatric patients that were associated with the use of trampolines and their management in a tertiary pediatric neurosurgery unit over a period of 10 years. METHODS This is a retrospective study of all children less than 16 years of age with suspected or confirmed trampoline-associated cranial or spinal injuries, managed by a tertiary pediatric neurosurgery unit from 2010 to 2020. Data collected included the patient's age at the time of injury, gender, neurological deficits, radiological findings, management, and clinical outcome. The data were analyzed to highlight any trends in the pattern of injuries. RESULTS A total of 44 patients with a mean age of 8 years (ranging from one year and five months to 15 years and five months) were identified. 52% patients were male. 10 patients (23%) had a reduced Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. In terms of imaging findings, 19 patients (43%) had a radiologically positive head injury, nine (20%) had a craniovertebral junction (CVJ) injury, including the first (C1) and second (C2) cervical vertebrae, and six (14%) had an injury involving other parts of the spine. No patient sustained concurrent head and spinal injuries. Eight (18%) patients had normal radiological findings. Two (5%) had incidental findings on radiology that required subsequent surgery. A total of 31 patients (70%) were managed conservatively. 11 patients (25%) underwent surgery for their trauma, of which seven were cranial. Two further patients underwent surgery for their incidental intracranial diagnoses. One child died from an acute subdural hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to focus on trampoline-associated neurosurgical trauma and report the pattern and severity of cranial and spinal injuries. Younger children (less than five years of age) are more likely to develop a head injury, whereas older children (more than 11 years of age) are more likely to develop a spinal injury following the use of a trampoline. Although uncommon, some injuries are severe and require surgical intervention. Therefore, trampolines should be used prudently with the appropriate safety precautions and measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe M Das
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
- Spine Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, GBR
| | - Azam Baig
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Nyararai Togarepi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Wai Cheong Soon
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Pasquale Gallo
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - A Richard Walsh
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | - Guirish A Solanki
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
| | | | - William B Lo
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, GBR
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Eager D, Zhou S, Barker R, Catchpoole J, Sharwood LN. A Public Health Review into Two Decades of Domestic Trampoline Injuries in Children within Queensland, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1742. [PMID: 36767107 PMCID: PMC9914378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trampolining as an activity brings enjoyment and many health benefits, but at the same time it carries an injury risk. Most domestic trampoline users are children who are developing in skill, cognition, risk perception, physical strength and resilience to injury. Several common patterns of child trampoline injuries have been identified and countermeasures outlined in standards have been taken to reduce higher risk injury mechanisms, such as entrapment and falls from the trampoline through design, product and point of sale labelling. In Australia, the first national trampoline standard was published in 2003 which introduced improvements in trampoline design and requirements for labelling and padding. This work investigated the potential impact of these and subsequent changes based on almost two decades of emergency department trampoline injury data collected in Queensland, Australia. These data describe the changing representative proportion and pattern of trampoline injuries in Queensland over time by age, mechanism, gender, severity and nature of injury of injured persons up to the age of 14 years. The interrelationships between different injury characteristics were also analysed to propose the main factors influencing injury occurrence and severity. These findings seem to indicate that safety evolution in the form of enclosure nets, frame impact attenuation and entrapment protection have likely improved domestic trampoline safety. Other factors, such as adult supervision, minimum age and avoidance of multiple users, could further reduce injury but are harder to influence in the domestic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eager
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Shilei Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Ruth Barker
- Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit, Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston 4029, Australia
| | - Jesani Catchpoole
- Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit, Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston 4029, Australia
| | - Lisa N. Sharwood
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2032, Australia
- Translational Health Collective, Kolling Institute, Clinical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Eager D, Zhou S, Ishac K, Hossain I, Richards A, Sharwood LN. Investigation into the Trampoline Dynamic Characteristics and Analysis of Double Bounce Vibrations. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22082916. [PMID: 35458901 PMCID: PMC9031171 DOI: 10.3390/s22082916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Double bounce is an unusual and potentially very hazardous phenomenon that most trampoline users may have experienced, yet few would have really understood how and why it occurs. This paper provides an in-depth investigation into the double bounce. Firstly, the static and dynamic characteristics of a recreational trampoline are analysed theoretically and verified through experiments. Then, based on the developed trampoline dynamic model, double bounce simulation is conducted with two medicine balls released with different time delays. Through simulation, the process of double bounce is presented in detail, which comprehensively reveals how energy is transferred between users during double bounce. Furthermore, the effect of release time delay on double bounce is also presented. Finally, we conducted an experiment which produced similar results to the simulation and validated the reliability of the trampoline dynamic model and double bounce theoretical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eager
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (D.E.); (K.I.); (I.H.); (L.N.S.)
| | - Shilei Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (D.E.); (K.I.); (I.H.); (L.N.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Karlos Ishac
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (D.E.); (K.I.); (I.H.); (L.N.S.)
| | - Imam Hossain
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (D.E.); (K.I.); (I.H.); (L.N.S.)
| | - Adam Richards
- Mr Trampoline, 966 Dandenong Road, Melbourne 3163, Australia;
| | - Lisa N. Sharwood
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (D.E.); (K.I.); (I.H.); (L.N.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2032, Australia
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Hossain I, Zhou S, Ishac K, Lind E, Sharwood L, Eager D. A Measurement of 'Walking-the-Wall' Dynamics: An Observational Study Using Accelerometry and Sensors to Quantify Risk Associated with Vertical Wall Impact Attenuation in Trampoline Parks. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7337. [PMID: 34770643 PMCID: PMC8587968 DOI: 10.3390/s21217337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study illustrates the application of a tri-axial accelerometer and gyroscope sensor device on a trampolinist performing the walking-the-wall manoeuvre on a high-performance trampoline to determine the performer dynamic conditions. This research found that rigid vertical walls would allow the trampolinist to obtain greater control and retain spatial awareness at greater levels than what is achievable on non-rigid vertical walls. With a non-rigid padded wall, the reaction force from the wall can be considered a variable force that is not constrained, and would not always provide the feedback that the trampolinist needs to maintain the balance with each climb up the wall and fall from height. This research postulates that unattenuated vertical walls are safer than attenuated vertical walls for walking-the-wall manoeuvres within trampoline park facilities. This is because non-rigid walls would provide higher g-force reaction feedback from the wall, which would reduce the trampolinist's control and stability. This was verified by measuring g-force on a horizontal rigid surface versus a non-rigid surface, where the g-force feedback was 27% higher for the non-rigid surface. Control and stability are both critical while performing the complex walking-the-wall manoeuvre. The trampolinist experienced a very high peak g-force, with a maximum g-force of approximately 11.5 g at the bottom of the jump cycle. It was concluded that applying impact attenuation padding to vertical walls used for walking-the-wall and similar activities would increase the likelihood of injury; therefore, padding of these vertical surfaces is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Hossain
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (I.H.); (K.I.); (E.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Shilei Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (I.H.); (K.I.); (E.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Karlos Ishac
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (I.H.); (K.I.); (E.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Edward Lind
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (I.H.); (K.I.); (E.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Lisa Sharwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia;
| | - David Eager
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; (I.H.); (K.I.); (E.L.); (D.E.)
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Lee JE, Kim JH, Park CH, Gwak DW, Kim CH, Park D, Hwang JM. Are safe guards at trampoline parks safe enough?: A case report on a complete spinal cord injury after diving into a trampoline park foam pit. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18137. [PMID: 31770249 PMCID: PMC6890358 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Recently, commercial indoor trampoline parks have been opened around the globe, and both the number of venues and the park users are increasing. Academic literatures have largely focused on home trampoline related injuries, and less is known about the injuries associated with trampoline parks due to the limited number of studies or cases reported. In this report, we present a complete spinal cord injury sustained at a commercial indoor trampoline park. PATIENT CONCERNS A 26-year old male developed tetraplegia after plainly jumping on the trampolines and diving into one of the foam pits head first. DIAGNOSIS C-spine CT revealed bilateral interfacetal dislocation on C6-7, and his C-spine MRI showed anterior translational injury at C6-7 with severe cord encroachment and complete discoligamentous complex disruption. He was diagnosed with complete spinal cord injury. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent 30 minutes each of physical therapy and occupational therapy twice a day for a total of 25 days of in-patient rehabilitation. Interventions included tilt table, passive range of motion exercises, functional electrical stimulation, sitting balance training, upper extremity strengthening exercise, and hand manipulation exercises. OUTCOME Despite intensive rehabilitation and the patient's good spirit, there was no functional change in all physical examinations between evaluations at initial and at discharge. LESSONS In conclusion, we aim to alert the risks associated with improper use of trampolines, promote safer entertainment environment, and aid in developing mandatory safety measures. We hope to alert the risks associated with improper use of trampolines, promote safer entertainment environment, and aid in developing mandatory safety measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Dae Won Gwak
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
| | - Chul-Hyun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University
| | - Donghwi Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong-Moon Hwang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University
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Rao DP, McFaull SR, Cheesman J, Do MT, Purcell LK, Thompson W. The ups and downs of trampolines: Injuries associated with backyard trampolines and trampoline parks. Paediatr Child Health 2019; 24:e19-e25. [PMID: 30792605 PMCID: PMC6376289 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxy066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare characteristics associated with backyard trampoline injuries (BTI) and trampoline park injuries (TPI) using records from the electronic Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (eCHIRPP). Methods eCHIRPP records for trampoline injuries (2012 to 2016) were extracted using variable codes and narratives, and injuries were examined among individuals 17 years and younger. Descriptive estimates for BTI and TPI, as well as age and sex adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the mechanism, source, body part and type of injury associated with TPIs relative to BTIs, are presented. Results Trampoline injuries are increasing in Canada (P<0.01). Patients with TPIs were older than those with BTIs. Relative to BTIs, TPIs were more associated with impact as the mechanism (OR 2.6, 95% CI: 2.2 to 3.1), trampoline beds as the source (OR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.1), lower extremity as the body part (OR 3.7, 95% CI: 3.0 to 4.4) and sprains as the type of injury (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.6 to 2.4). In contrast, another jumper (OR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.6) or fall (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.6) as the mechanism, surface (OR 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5 to 0.9) or another jumper (OR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.7) as the source, face or neck (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.7) as the body part, and lacerations (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3 to 0.9) or soft tissue injury (OR 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6 to 0.9) as the type of injury were more associated with BTIs relative to TPIs. Conclusion Trampoline parks result in injuries different than those from backyard trampolines. This examination into the distinct injury characteristics can help to inform future prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa P Rao
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Steven R McFaull
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - James Cheesman
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Minh T Do
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Laura K Purcell
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario
| | - Wendy Thompson
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
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Singh S, Coriolano K, Davidson J, Cashin M, Carey T, Bartley D. Evaluation of primary caregivers' perceptions on home trampoline use. Prev Med Rep 2018; 10:82-86. [PMID: 29560303 PMCID: PMC5857722 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trampolines are widely used by children, but trampoline injuries can be severe and may require hospital care or even surgery. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of an educational intervention on caregivers' perceptions of trampoline use and safety for their children. Primary caregivers were recruited from the orthopedic clinic at the Children's Hospital at our institution in 2015. Caregivers were asked to complete a survey at two time points, initially in clinic and one week post educational intervention. The educational intervention was a pamphlet outlining trampoline safety data. Data analysis occurred in 2016. From the 100 primary caregivers recruited, 39 caregivers owned a trampoline, and 10 had presented to the emergency department with their child for an injury related to trampoline use. After educational intervention, caregivers had higher rating of perceived danger associated with trampolines (6/10 vs. 8/10, p < 0.001). Additionally, a greater number of caregivers were more knowledgeable on the safe age of trampoline use (56% vs. 91%, p < 0.001) and safe number of jumpers (45% vs. 86%, p < 0.001). Finally, there was a 29% increase in the proportion of caregivers who at least agreed that trampolines are dangerous (pre: 44% vs. post: 73%, p < 0.001), however 50% of caregivers would still allow their child to use a trampoline. Overall, the results of this study show that a simple educational intervention can help to increase knowledge around safe trampoline practices and increase awareness of injury. Further, this study can act as initial evidence for future studies to implement this type of intervention long-term. Rating of perceived danger of trampolines increased after educational intervention. Educational intervention improved knowledge of safe trampoline practices. Caregivers are receptive to recommendations against trampoline use from physicians. Two-thirds agreed that trampolines are dangerous after educational intervention. After education half of caregivers would still allow their child to use trampolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Singh
- Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kamary Coriolano
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob Davidson
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Cashin
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy Carey
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Debra Bartley
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Trampoline injuries in the world and in Turkey. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 63:275-280. [PMID: 31453466 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2017.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trampoline continues to be an activity that individuals in every age, but particularly children, enjoy to do for nearly a hundred years. However, it has some unpleasant effects due to the risk of injury. Safety rules, therefore, need to be followed during trampoline activities. Contemporarily, it is not recommended for small children and purposes other that sportive activities in Western countries. In this review, we discuss the trampoline-related injuries to increase the awareness in the society and to shape the regulations related with the trampoline use in Turkey.
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Gyllencreutz L, Rolfsman E, Saveman BI. Non-minor injuries among children sustained in an outdoor environment – a retrospective register study. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2013; 22:3-10. [DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2013.833945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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