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Liu T, Gu L, Mui A, Wu Z, Albadari N, Li W, Zhou M. An MDM2 degrader shows potent cytotoxicity to MDM2-overexpressing acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells/tissues. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217126. [PMID: 39053726 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The MDM2 oncogene is amplified and/or overexpressed in various human cancers and elevated expression of MDM2 protein acts as a survival factor promoting cancer progression through both p53-dependent and -independent pathways. Here, we report a novel small-molecule chemical compound (MX69-102) that we identified to induce MDM2 protein degradation, resulting in reactivation of p53, inhibition of XIAP, and potent cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in MDM2-overexpressing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in vitro and in vivo. We have previously identified a compound (MX69) that binds to the MDM2 C-terminal RING domain and induces MDM2 protein degradation. In the present study, we performed structural modifications of MX69 and selected analog MX69-102, showing increased MDM2-targeting activity. MX69-102 exhibited significantly enhanced inhibitory and apoptotic effects on a group of MDM2-overexpressing ALL cell lines in vitro with IC50 values of about 0.2 μM, representing an approximately 38-fold increase in activity compared to MX69. MX69-102 also showed effective inhibition on xenografted human MDM2-overexpressing ALL in SCID mice. Importantly, MX69-102 had minimal or no inhibitory effect on normal human hematopoiesis in vitro and was very well tolerated in vivo in animal models. Based on the strong inhibitory and apoptotic activity against MDM2-overexpressing ALL, along with minimal or no toxicity to normal cells/tissues, MX69-102 is a candidate for further development as a novel MDM2-targeted therapeutic drug for refractory/MDM2-overexpressing ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lubing Gu
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Anna Mui
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhongzhi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Najah Albadari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Muxiang Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Ci T, Zhang W, Qiao Y, Li H, Zang J, Li H, Feng N, Gu Z. Delivery strategies in treatments of leukemia. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2121-2144. [PMID: 35188506 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00755f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is a hematological malignancy associated with the uncontrolled proliferation of mutant progenitors, suppressing the production of normal blood cells. Current treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, still lead to unsatisfactory results with a 5 year survival rate of only 30-50%. The poor prognosis is related to both disease relapse and treatment-associated toxicity. Delivery strategies can improve the in vivo pharmacokinetics of drugs, navigating the therapeutics to target cells or the tumor microenvironment and reversing drug resistance, which maximizes tumor elimination and alleviates systematic adverse effects. This review discusses available FDA-approved anti-leukemia drugs and therapies with a focus on the advances in the development of anti-leukemia drug delivery systems. Additionally, challenges in clinical translation of the delivery strategies and future research opportunities in leukemia treatment are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Ci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yingyu Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Huangjuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Jing Zang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hongjun Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Combined CBFB-MYH11 and BCR-ABL1 Gene Rearrangements: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Case Rep Hematol 2021; 2020:8822670. [PMID: 33489389 PMCID: PMC7787850 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8822670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(16)(p13.1q22) resulting in CBFB-MYH11 fusion is associated with a favorable prognosis. The presence of a KIT mutation modifies it to an intermediate prognosis. Additionally, inv(16) can cooperate with other genetic aberrations to further increase cell proliferation. Coexistence of inv(16) and t(9;22) is extremely rare (20 cases). We present a case of a 55-year-old male with elevated white blood cell count. Bone marrow evaluation and flow cytometry analysis were compatible with AML with monocytic features. Cytogenetic studies revealed two-related clones, a minor clone with inv(16) and a major clone with concurrent inv(16) and t(9;22) rearrangements. Fluorescent in situ hybridization studies confirmed these rearrangements. Molecular analysis detected a p190 BCR-ABL1 transcript protein. KIT mutations were negative. The patient was initially treated with standard induction regimen; 7 daily doses of cytarabine from day 1–day 7, 3 daily doses of daunorubicin from day 1–day 3, and 1 dose of Mylotarg (gemtuzumab ozogamicin) on day 1. The detection of t(9;22) led to the addition of daily doses of dasatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) from day 7 onwards. The patient achieved complete remission on day 45. During his treatment course, he acquired disseminated Fusarium infection. Day 180 bone marrow evaluation revealed florid relapse with 64% blasts. Cytogenetic study showed clonal evolution of the inv(16) clone with no evidence of the t(9;22) subclone. Eventually, bone marrow transplantation was contraindicated, and the patient was transferred to palliative care. Literature review revealed that AML with co-occurrence of CBFB-MYH11 and BCR-ABL1 gene rearrangements was involved by only a small number of cases with de novo and therapy-related AML. Most cases were in myeloid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Treatment and prognosis among the de novo AML cases varied and majority of them achieved clinical remission. In contrast, these cytogenetic abnormalities in the blast phase of CML had a poor prognosis. As the prognosis and management of AML is dependent upon the underlying genetic characteristics of the neoplasm, it is imperative to include clinical outcome with such rare combinations of genetic alterations.
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Tartaggia S, Meneghello A, Bellotto O, Poetto AS, Zanchetta M, Posocco B, Bunka D, Polo F, Toffoli G. An SPR investigation into the therapeutic drug monitoring of the anticancer drug imatinib with selective aptamers operating in human plasma. Analyst 2021; 146:1714-1724. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01860k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An ss-DNA aptamer-based biosensor was devised to detect the anticancer drug imatinib by means of surface plasmon resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tartaggia
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
| | - Anna Meneghello
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
| | - Ottavia Bellotto
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Ariana Soledad Poetto
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Martina Zanchetta
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Bianca Posocco
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
| | | | - Federico Polo
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS
- 33081, Aviano
- Italy
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Martelli AM, Paganelli F, Chiarini F, Evangelisti C, McCubrey JA. The Unfolded Protein Response: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Acute Leukemias. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020333. [PMID: 32024211 PMCID: PMC7072709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptive response triggered by the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due, among other causes, to altered cell protein homeostasis (proteostasis). UPR is mediated by three main sensors, protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α). Given that proteostasis is frequently disregulated in cancer, UPR is emerging as a critical signaling network in controlling the survival, selection, and adaptation of a variety of neoplasias, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and glioblastoma. Indeed, cancer cells can escape from the apoptotic pathways elicited by ER stress by switching UPR into a prosurvival mechanism instead of cell death. Although most of the studies on UPR focused on solid tumors, this intricate network plays a critical role in hematological malignancies, and especially in multiple myeloma (MM), where treatment with proteasome inhibitors induce the accumulation of unfolded proteins that severely perturb proteostasis, thereby leading to ER stress, and, eventually, to apoptosis. However, UPR is emerging as a key player also in acute leukemias, where recent evidence points to the likelihood that targeting UPR-driven prosurvival pathways could represent a novel therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the oncogene-specific regulation of individual UPR signaling arms, and we provide an updated outline of the genetic, biochemical, and preclinical therapeutic findings that support UPR as a relevant, novel target in acute leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M. Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-1580
| | - Francesca Paganelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.E.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.E.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - James A. McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
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Neckles C, Sundara Rajan S, Caplen NJ. Fusion transcripts: Unexploited vulnerabilities in cancer? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 11:e1562. [PMID: 31407506 PMCID: PMC6916338 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene fusions are an important class of mutations in several cancer types and include genomic rearrangements that fuse regulatory or coding elements from two different genes. Analysis of the genetics of cancers harboring fusion oncogenes and the proteins they encode have enhanced cancer diagnosis and in some cases patient treatment. However, the effect of the complex structure of fusion genes on the biogenesis of the resulting chimeric transcripts they express is not well studied. There are two potential RNA‐related vulnerabilities inherent to fusion‐driven cancers: (a) the processing of the fusion precursor messenger RNA (pre‐mRNA) to the mature mRNA and (b) the mature mRNA. In this study, we discuss the effects that the genetic organization of fusion oncogenes has on the generation of translatable mature RNAs and the diversity of fusion transcripts expressed in different cancer subtypes, which can fundamentally influence both tumorigenesis and treatment. We also discuss functional genomic approaches that can be utilized to identify proteins that mediate the processing of fusion pre‐mRNAs. Furthermore, we assert that an enhanced understanding of fusion transcript biogenesis and the diversity of the chimeric RNAs present in fusion‐driven cancers will increase the likelihood of successful application of RNA‐based therapies in this class of tumors. This article is categorized under:RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Neckles
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Soumya Sundara Rajan
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natasha J Caplen
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland
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Zhang H, He X, Ni D, Mou L, Chen X, Lu S. How does the novel T315L mutation of breakpoint cluster region-abelson (BCR-ABL) kinase confer resistance to ponatinib: a comparative molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:89-100. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1567390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinheng He
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linkai Mou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medicinal University, Wei fang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Medicinal Laboratory, Weifang Medicinal University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Vinhas R, Lourenço A, Santos S, Lemos M, Ribeiro P, de Sousa AB, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. A novel BCR-ABL1 mutation in a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8589-8598. [PMID: 30584318 PMCID: PMC6280987 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s177019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) represents the most common genetic subtype of adult ALL (20%–30%) and accounts for approximately 50% of all cases in the elderly. It has been considered the subgroup of ALL with the worst outcome. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) allows complete hematologic remission virtually in all patients, with improved disease-free survival and overall survival. Nevertheless, the emergence of resistant mutations in BCR-ABL1 may require different TKI strategies to overcome the patient’s resistance and disease relapse. Here, we report a Ph+B-ALL case with persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) after treatment with dasatinib. The patient expressed the P190BCR-ABL1 isoform and a novel BCR-ABL1 mutation, p.Y440C. The latter is in the C-terminal lobe of the kinase domain, which likely induces deviations in the protein structure and activity and destabilizes its inactive conformation. The treatment was substituted by bosutinib, which binds to the active conformation of the protein, prior to allogeneic bone marrow transplant to overcome the lack of a complete response to dasatinib. These findings strengthen the importance of BCR-ABL1 mutational screening in Ph+ patients, particularly for those who do not achieve complete molecular remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Vinhas
- UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal, ;
| | | | - Susana Santos
- Hematology Service, Hospital dos Capuchos (CHLC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcos Lemos
- Hematology Service, Hospital dos Capuchos (CHLC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Ribeiro
- Hematology Service, Hospital dos Capuchos (CHLC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal, ;
| | - Alexandra Ramos Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal, ;
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