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Xu Q, Sommer W, Recio G. Control over emotional facial expressions: Evidence from facial EMG and ERPs in a Stroop-like task. Biol Psychol 2023; 181:108611. [PMID: 37302517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Facial expressions carry important social signals that must be precisely regulated despite potentially conflicting demands on veridicality, communicative intent, and the social situation. In a sample of 19 participants we investigated the challenges of deliberately controlling two facial expressions (smiles and frowns) by the emotional congruency with the expressions of adult and infant counterparts. In a Stroop-like task requiring participants' deliberate expressions of anger or happiness, we investigated the impact of task-irrelevant background pictures of adults and infants showing negative, neutral, or positive facial expressions. Participants' deliberate expressions were measured with electromyogram (EMG) of the M. zygomaticus major and M. corrugator supercilii. The latencies of EMG onsets revealed similar congruency effects for smiles and frowns with significant facilitation and inhibition components relative to the neutral condition. Interestingly, the facilitation effect for frown responses by negative facial expressions was significantly smaller vis a vis infant as compared to adult background faces. This diminished facilitation of frowns by infant's expressions of distress may relate to the activation of caregiver behavior or empathy. We investigated the neural correlates of the observed performance effects by recording event-related-potentials (ERPs). Increased amplitudes in ERP components were observed in incongruent relative to neutral conditions, revealing interference effects on both types of deliberate facial expressions, at different processing stages, namely, structural facial encoding (N170), conflict monitoring (N2), to semantic analysis (N400).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Werner Sommer
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Guillermo Recio
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Zhou Q, Du J, Gao R, Hu S, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan NC. Discriminative neural pathways for perception-cognition activity of color and face in the human brain. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1972-1984. [PMID: 35580851 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human performance can be examined using a visual lens. The identification of psychophysical colors and emotional faces with perceptual visual pathways may remain invalid for simple detection tasks. In particular, how the visual dorsal and ventral processing streams handle discriminative visual perceptions and subsequent cognition activities are obscure. We explored these issues using stereoelectroencephalography recordings, which were obtained from patients with pharmacologically resistant epilepsy. Delayed match-to-sample paradigms were used for analyzing the processing of simple colors and complex emotional faces in the human brain. We showed that the angular-cuneus gyrus acts as a pioneer in discriminating the 2 features, and dorsal regions, including the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and postcentral gyrus, as well as ventral regions, such as the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), were involved in processing incongruent colors and faces. Critically, the beta and gamma band activities between the cuneus and MTG and between the cuneus and pSTS would tune a separate pathway of incongruency processing. In addition, posterior insular gyrus, fusiform, and MFG were found for attentional modulation of the 2 features via alpha band activities. These findings suggest the neural basis of the discriminative pathways of perception-cognition activities in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jialin Du
- Department of Pharmacy Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Runshi Gao
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Institute of sleep and consciousness disorders, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Na Clara Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
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Wang Y, Wang R, Wu H. The role of oxytocin in modulating self-other distinction in human brain: a pharmacological fMRI study. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1708-1725. [PMID: 35483708 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-other distinction is crucial for human interaction. Although with conflicting results, studies have found that oxytocin (OT) sharpens the self-other perceptual boundary. However, little is known about the effect of OT on self-other perception, especially its neural basis. Moreover, it is unclear whether OT influences self-other discrimination when the other is a child or an adult. This double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effect of OT on self-face perception at the behavioral and neural levels. For the stimuli, we morphed participants' faces and child or adult strangers' faces, resulting in 4 conditions. After treatment with either OT or placebo, participants reported whether a stimulus resembled themselves while being scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Behavioral results showed that people judged adult-morphed faces better than child-morphed faces. Moreover, fMRI results showed that the OT group exhibited increased activity in visual areas and the inferior frontal gyrus for self-faces. This difference was more pronounced in the adult-face condition. In multivariate fMRI and region of interest analyses, better performance in the OT group indicated that OT increased self-other distinction, especially for adult faces and in the left hemisphere. Our study shows a significant effect of OT on self-referential processes, proving the potential effect of OT on a left hemisphere self-network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchen Wang
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, N21 Research Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 , China.,Department of Psychology, E21B Humanities and Social Sciences Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, 10 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruien Wang
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, N21 Research Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 , China.,Department of Psychology, E21B Humanities and Social Sciences Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, N21 Research Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 , China.,Department of Psychology, E21B Humanities and Social Sciences Building, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
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Fisktjønmo GLH, Bårdsen BJ, Folstad I. Resemblance Reporting on Children: Sisters Are More Proactive than Brothers. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe asymmetric grandparental investment in humans may ultimately be explained by the paternity uncertainty hypothesis. The proximate mechanisms leading to grandparental bias in investment in grandchildren are, however, unclear. In a study of 233 males and females with an opposite sexed sibling, we examined whether comments on resemblance regarding one’s own child, or one’s sibling’s child, changed in frequency after both siblings became parents. We found that comments among siblings on resemblance of children occurred more frequently after both became parents, compared to when only one of the siblings had children, suggesting that resemblance descriptions may become more important after both siblings have children. Furthermore, and in line with the suggestion that mothers may mentally exploit the alloparenting environment by holding a stronger belief about resemblance, brothers reported that their sisters commented on resemblance concerning their own child more often and more intensely. Additionally, sisters corroborated this finding by self-reporting that they were the most proactive during resemblance descriptions of their brothers’ child. Thus, sisters might, through more frequent voicing of stronger opinions on parent–child resemblance than their brothers, influence alloparents’ perception of resemblance to their children and thus influence alloparental investments.
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The Study of Face Processing in Social Anxiety Disorder Based on Face-Specific N170 Component. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:6003973. [PMID: 35035847 PMCID: PMC8759855 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6003973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies showed that social anxiety disorder (SAD) exhibits the attentional bias for angry faces, few studies investigated effective face recognition combined with event-related potential (ERP) technique in SAD patients, especially the treatment effect. This study examines the differences in face processing in SAD patients before and after treatment and healthy control people (H-group). High-density EEG scans were registered in response to emotional schematic faces, particularly interested in the face processing N170 component. Analysis of N170 amplitude revealed a larger N170 for P-group-pre in response to inverted and upright stimuli than H-group in the right hemisphere. The result of the intragroup t-test showed that N170 was delayed for inverted relative to upright faces only in P-group-post and H-group but not in P-group-pre. Remarkably, the results of ANOVAs manifested that emotional expression cannot modulate N170 for SAD patients. Besides, the N170-based asymmetry index (AI) was introduced to analyze the left- and right-hemisphere dominance of N170 for three groups. It was found that, with the improvement of patients' treatment, the value of AIN170−base d presented a decreasing trend. These results together suggested that there was no inversion effect observed for patients with SAD. The change in the value of AIN170−base d can be used as potential electrophysiological markers for the diagnosis and treatment effects on patients with SAD.
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Franklin-Luther P. How Do Adults’ Personality Traits Influence Perceptions and Responses to Infant Faces? EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-020-00248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Calbi M, Siri F, Heimann K, Barratt D, Gallese V, Kolesnikov A, Umiltà MA. How context influences the interpretation of facial expressions: a source localization high-density EEG study on the "Kuleshov effect". Sci Rep 2019; 9:2107. [PMID: 30765713 PMCID: PMC6376122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have explored the specificities of contextual modulations of the processing of facial expressions at a neuronal level. This study fills this gap by employing an original paradigm, based on a version of the filmic “Kuleshov effect”. High-density EEG was recorded while participants watched film sequences consisting of three shots: the close-up of a target person’s neutral face (Face_1), the scene that the target person was looking at (happy, fearful, or neutral), and another close-up of the same target person’s neutral face (Face_2). The participants’ task was to rate both valence and arousal, and subsequently to categorize the target person’s emotional state. The results indicate that despite a significant behavioural ‘context’ effect, the electrophysiological indexes still indicate that the face is evaluated as neutral. Specifically, Face_2 elicited a high amplitude N170 when preceded by neutral contexts, and a high amplitude Late Positive Potential (LPP) when preceded by emotional contexts, thus showing sensitivity to the evaluative congruence (N170) and incongruence (LPP) between context and Face_2. The LPP activity was mainly underpinned by brain regions involved in facial expressions and emotion recognition processing. Our results shed new light on temporal and neural correlates of context-sensitivity in the interpretation of facial expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Calbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesca Siri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Katrin Heimann
- Interacting Minds Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel Barratt
- Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vittorio Gallese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. .,Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, UK.
| | - Anna Kolesnikov
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Zhu R, Wu H, Xu Z, Tang H, Shen X, Mai X, Liu C. Early distinction between shame and guilt processing in an interpersonal context. Soc Neurosci 2017; 14:53-66. [DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2017.1391119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruida Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Tang
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Mai
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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10
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Emotional conflict in facial expression processing during scene viewing: An ERP study. Brain Res 2015; 1608:138-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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