1
|
Zhao W, Yang J, Hu Z. Guilt-inducing interaction with others modulates subsequent attentional orienting via their gaze. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5348. [PMID: 37005444 PMCID: PMC10067001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaze direction can trigger social attentional orientation, characterised by a speeded reaction time in detecting targets appearing in a gazed-at location compared with those appearing in other locations. This is called the 'gaze-cueing effect' (GCE). Here, we investigated whether a feeling of guilt established through prior interaction with a cueing face could modulate the gaze-cueing effect. Participants first completed a guilt-induction task using a modified dot-estimation paradigm to associate the feeling of guilt with a specific face, after which the face that had established the binding relationship was used as the stimulus in a gaze-cueing task. The results showed that guilt-directed faces and control faces induce equal magnitudes of gaze-cueing effect in 200 ms of stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA), while guilt-directed faces induce a smaller gaze-cueing effect than control faces in 700 ms SOA. These findings provide preliminary evidence that guilt may modulate social attention triggered by eye gaze at a later stage of processing but not in the earlier stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Hu
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aafjes-van Doorn K, Luo X, Kealy D, McCollum J, Silberschatz G. Interpersonal guilt and the working alliance in psychotherapy: The moderating role of childhood experience. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:141-151. [PMID: 36068996 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Interpersonal guilt often encompasses pathogenic beliefs that imply omnipotent responsibility for others and concerns about abandoning, humiliating or threatening others. This study sought to examine how interpersonal guilt may influence patients' and therapists' ratings of early working alliance and the potential moderating effect of perceived adverse parenting in childhood. Ninety-five patients and their 19 therapists in an outpatient psychotherapy clinic rated their early working alliance after the first and the fifth session in treatment. We conducted separate moderation analyses for patient and therapist-reported working alliance and controlled for psychological distress at baseline. Results suggest that perceived adverse parenting in childhood significantly moderated the effect of interpersonal guilt on the working alliance in such a way that for patients reporting very low levels of perceived adverse experiences, the interpersonal guilt beliefs had a positive effect on working alliance, whereas for those with very high levels of perceived adverse experiences, interpersonal guilt had a negative effect on working alliance. This same pattern of moderation was found for patient- and therapist-reported working alliance at session 1 and therapist-reported working alliance at session 5. Thus, although the effect of interpersonal guilt on the working alliance depends somewhat on the perspective of the working alliance rating (patient or therapist), it mainly depends on developmental experiences of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaochen Luo
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James McCollum
- San Francisco Psychotherapy Research Group, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - George Silberschatz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang H, Gu R, Yang M, Zhang M, Han F, Li H, Luo W. Context-based interpersonal relationship modulates social comparison between outcomes: an event-related potential study. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:439-452. [PMID: 33527110 PMCID: PMC7990070 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Social comparison is a common behavior that largely determines people's experience of decision outcome. Previous research has showed that interpersonal relationship plays a pivotal role in social comparison. In the current study, we investigated whether the manipulation of context-based relationship would affect participants' comparison of self-outcome and other-outcome. Participants first finished a trust game with likeable (dislikeable) partner and then they were involved in a gambling task and observed the outcomes for themselves and for partners. According to self-reports, participants were more satisfied with likeable partner's gains than losses only when they received gains, but they were always more satisfied with dislikeable player's losses compared to gains. Event-related potentials including the feedback-related negativity (FRN), P3 and late positive component (LPC) were sensitive to context-based relationship. Specifically, the prediction error signal (indexed by the FRN) was largest when participants received losses but dislikeable player received gains. Meanwhile, the P3 indicates that participants had stronger motivation to outperform dislikeable player. Finally, the LPC was larger when participants received the same outcomes with dislikeable players. In general, our results support the key point of the self-evaluation maintenance model that personal closeness modulates subjective sensitivity when drawing a comparison of one's outcomes with other's outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huoyin Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China.,Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Fengxu Han
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Hong Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China.,Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518061, China.,Institute for Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sánchez-García J, Rodríguez GE, Hernández-Gutiérrez D, Casado P, Fondevila S, Jiménez-Ortega L, Muñoz F, Rubianes M, Martín-Loeches M. Neural dynamics of pride and shame in social context: an approach with event-related brain electrical potentials. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1855-1869. [PMID: 34028612 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neural underpinnings of social emotions such as pride and shame are largely unknown. The present study aims to add evidence by exploiting the advantage of event-related brain electrical potentials (ERP) to examine the neural processes as they unfold over time. For this purpose, a dot-estimation task was adapted to explore these emotions as elicited in a simulated social context. Pride prompted an early negativity seemingly originated in medial parietal regions (precuneus) and possibly reflecting social comparison processes in successful trials. This was followed by a late positivity originated in medial frontal regions, probably reflecting the verification of singularly successful trials. Shame, in turn, elicited an early negativity apparently originated in the cuneus, probably related to mental imagery of the social situation. It was followed by a late positivity mainly originated in the same regions as the early negativity for pride, then conceivably reflecting social comparison processes, in this occasion in unsuccessful trials. None of these fluctuations correlated with self-reported feelings of either emotion, suggesting that they instead relate to social cognitive computations necessary to achieve them. The present results provide a dynamic depiction of neural mechanisms underlying these social emotions, probing the necessity to study them using an integrated approach with different techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Sánchez-García
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gema Esther Rodríguez
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Casado
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabela Fondevila
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-Ortega
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Muñoz
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Rubianes
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Loeches
- Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, UCM-ISCIII. Avda Monforte de Lemos, 5, Pabellón 14, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Psychobiology and Methods in Behavioral Sciences Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu H, Koban L, Chang LJ, Wagner U, Krishnan A, Vuilleumier P, Zhou X, Wager TD. A Generalizable Multivariate Brain Pattern for Interpersonal Guilt. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:3558-3572. [PMID: 32083647 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeling guilty when we have wronged another is a crucial aspect of prosociality, but its neurobiological bases are elusive. Although multivariate patterns of brain activity show promise for developing brain measures linked to specific emotions, it is less clear whether brain activity can be trained to detect more complex social emotional states such as guilt. Here, we identified a distributed guilt-related brain signature (GRBS) across two independent neuroimaging datasets that used interpersonal interactions to evoke guilt. This signature discriminated conditions associated with interpersonal guilt from closely matched control conditions in a cross-validated training sample (N = 24; Chinese population) and in an independent test sample (N = 19; Swiss population). However, it did not respond to observed or experienced pain, or recalled guilt. Moreover, the GRBS only exhibited weak spatial similarity with other brain signatures of social-affective processes, further indicating the specificity of the brain state it represents. These findings provide a step toward developing biological markers of social emotions, which could serve as important tools to investigate guilt-related brain processes in both healthy and clinical populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Leonie Koban
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Control-Interoception-Attention Team, Brain & Spine Institute, 47 bd de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Luke J Chang
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Ullrich Wagner
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anjali Krishnan
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Behavioral Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Institute of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321004, China.,Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Tor D Wager
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neurofunctional characterization of early prefrontal processes contributing to interpersonal guilt. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 19:1192-1202. [PMID: 31463714 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Guilt is a social emotion that plays a central role in promoting prosocial behavior. Despite its relevance, it remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to fill this gap by verifying and characterizing a frontal negative fluctuation of the event-related brain potentials (ERP) emerging in conditions of interpersonal guilt. Paired participants would earn money if both performed correctly a dot estimation task (both right); otherwise, both would lose a similar amount (self wrong, partner wrong, and both wrong conditions). The reported feeling of guilt was noticeable in the self wrong condition, which yielded a frontal negativity between 300 and 500 ms after the onset of performance feedback. The amplitude of this fluctuation, however, did not correlate with the amount of guilt reported by the participants, whereas both these values did so with standard measures of empathy. Neither anxiety (trait or state) nor arousal (skin conductance response) seemed to relate to this negativity. A neural source (LORETA) analysis established its generators in the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a region linked to guilt in fMRI studies but also, importantly, to empathy. The frontal negative fluctuation thus might reflect empathic processes contributing to achieve feelings of interpersonal guilt.
Collapse
|