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Sterie AC, Borasio GD, Deml MJ, Gamondi C, Jox RJ, Larkin P, Trombert A, Rubli Truchard E, Bernard M. Patient altruism at the end of life: A scoping review. Palliat Support Care 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38605652 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951524000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The concept of altruism is evidenced in various disciplines but remains understudied in end-of-life (EOL) contexts. Patients at the EOL are often seen as passive recipients of care, whereas the altruism of professionals and families receives more research and clinical attention. Our aim was to summarize the state of the scientific literature concerning the concept of patient altruism in EOL contexts. METHODS In May 2023, we searched 11 databases for scientific literature on patient altruism in EOL contexts in consultation with a health information specialist. The scoping review is reported using the PRISMA checklist for scoping reviews. We used a data charting form to deductively extract data from the selected articles and then mapped data into 4 themes related to our research questions: how authors describe and employ the concept of patient altruism; expressions of patient altruism; consequences of patients' altruistic acts; and possible interventions fostering patient altruism. RESULTS Excluding duplicates, 2893 articles were retrieved; 33 were included in the final review. Altruism was generally considered as an act or intention oriented toward the benefit of a specific (known) or non-specific (generic) recipient. Patients expressed altruism through care and support, decisions to withhold treatment or actively hasten death, and engagement in advance care planning. Consequences of altruism were categorized in patient-centered (contribution to meaning in life and quality of life), non-patient-centered (leaving a positive impact and saving money), and negative consequences (generating feelings of guilt, exposing individuals with low self-esteem). Interventions to encourage altruism comprised specific interventions, providing opportunities to plan for future care, and recognizing and respecting the patients' altruistic motivations. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS We identified heterogeneous and limited research conceptualization of patient altruism and its operationalization in palliative care settings. A deeper conceptual, empirical, and theoretical exploration of patient altruism in EOL is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Cristina Sterie
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Chair of Geriatric Palliative Care, Service of Palliative and Supportive care and Service of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gian Domenico Borasio
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Deml
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Gamondi
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ralf J Jox
- Chair of Geriatric Palliative Care, Service of Palliative and Supportive care and Service of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philip Larkin
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Chair of Palliative Care Nursing, Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexia Trombert
- Medical Library, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eve Rubli Truchard
- Chair of Geriatric Palliative Care, Service of Palliative and Supportive care and Service of Geriatrics and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Bernard
- Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wongkalasin K, Matchim Y, Kanhasing R, Pimvichai S. Uncertainty among patients with advanced-stage lung cancer. Int J Palliat Nurs 2024; 30:160-169. [PMID: 38630643 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2024.30.4.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncertainty is the inability to define the meaning of illness-related events, which may result in anxiety, depression, poor coping, the self-perception of being a burden and low quality of life. Uncertainty among Thai patients with advanced-stage lung cancer (ASLC) has not been well documented. AIMS To assess uncertainty in patients with ASLC. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Data were collected from 60 patients with ASLC at a university hospital. A demographic data form and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS) were used to collect data. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The patients had moderate levels of uncertainty in illness (83.73±15.25). Ambiguity about the illness and unpredictability of the prognosis scored at a moderate level for patients, while complexity of treatment and the system of care and inconsistency or lack of information, about the diagnosis or severity of the illness were at a low level. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help healthcare professionals better understand and manage uncertainty in patients with ASLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaowarat Matchim
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University, Thailand
| | - Ruankwan Kanhasing
- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand
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Setia A, Kumari P, Vikas, Kumar Mehata A, Kumar Malik A, Kumar Mahto S, Muthu MS. Cetuximab decorated redox sensitive D-alpha-tocopheryl- polyethyleneglycol-1000-succinate based nanoparticles for cabazitaxel delivery: Formulation, lung targeting and enhanced anti-cancer effects. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123881. [PMID: 38320675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
This research work aims to fabricate cetuximab (CTX) decorated cabazitaxel (CBZ) loaded redox-sensitive D-alpha-tocopheryl-polyethyleneglycol-1000-succinate (TPGS-SS) nanoparticles (NPs) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted lung tumor therapy.The NPs were prepared using a dialysis bag diffusion method to produce, non-redox sensitive non targeted (TPGS-CBZ-NPs), redox-sensitive nontargeted (TPGS-SS-CBZ-NPs), and targeted redox-sensitive NPs (CTX-TPGS-SS-CBZ-NPs). Developed NPs were characterized for particle sizes, polydispersity, surface charge, surface morphologies, and entrapment efficiency. Moreover, additional in vitro studies have been conducted, including in vitro drug release, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake studies.The particle size and charge over the surface were found to be in the range of 145.6 to 308.06 nm and -15 to -23 mV respectively. The IC50 values of CBZ clinical injection (Jevtana®), TPGS-CBZ-NPs, TPGS-SS-CBZ-NPs, and CTX-TPGS-SS-NPs were found to be 17.54 ± 3.58, 12.8 ± 2.45, 9.28 ± 1.13 and 4.013 ± 1.05 µg/ml, suggesting the 1.37, 1.89 and 4.37-folds respectively, enhancement of cytotoxicity as compared to CBZ clinical injection, demonstrating a significant augmentation in cytotoxicity. In addition, the in-vitro cellular uptake investigation showed that CTX-TPGS-SS-CMN6-NPs accumulated significantly compared to pure CMN6, TPGS-CMN6-NPs, and TPGS-SS-CMN6-NPs in the A549 cells. Furthermore, the targeting efficiency of developed NPs were analysed by ultrasound/photoacoustic and IVIS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseem Setia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Pooja Kumari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Vikas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Abhishesh Kumar Mehata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | | | - Madaswamy S Muthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, UP, India.
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Fonseca A, Antunes M, Firmino-Machado J, Barroso A, Dias M. Characteristics and patient-reported outcomes of long-term lung cancer survivors. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:1087-1096. [PMID: 38505031 PMCID: PMC10944758 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Due to advances in screening and treatment of lung cancer, there has been increased interest in long-term lung cancer survivors (LTLCS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of LTLCS, their characteristics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of LTLCS. Methods Cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer between Jan 2012 and Dec 2016 whose overall survival (OS) was greater than 5 years. A self-administered questionnaire was applied, including European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and two open questions regarding quality of life (QoL) and suggestions for improvements. Factors potentially related to QoL were analysed. Results Of 767 lung cancer patients, 158 (20.6%) were LTLCS and LTLCS' proportion increased yearly. Most patients were male (70.9%) with median age of 65 [interquartile range (IQR), 56-71] years. Fifty-seven percent had adenocarcinoma, 66.2% were diagnosed at early stages but 8.9% were at stage IV. During follow-up, 77.1% quitted smoking, 31.8% had disease progression/relapse and 15.2% developed other tumours. Of all living LTLCS, 100 (85%) patients answered the PROs questionnaire. The median Global Health score was 66.67 (IQR, 50-83), social functioning had the best score and emotional functioning the worst. Pain and fatigue were the symptoms with the worst impact on QoL. PHQ-4 identified mental distress in 36% and patients with a lower QoL were more likely to present anxiety (35.3% vs. 9.4%, P=0.007) or depression (27.9% vs. 3%, P=0.006). In the open questions, patients reported pain (17%), lack of familiar/financial support (16%), dyspnoea (14%), depression (8%), concern for the future (8%) and limitations performing daily activities (8%) as the aspects with most impact in QoL. The most suggested measures were improvement of care provided by health institutions (25%) and better social support (16%). Conclusions Prevalence of LTLCS is increasing and survivors may experience a high prevalence of anxiety and depression as well as a high disease burden affecting QoL. Therefore, it's important to provide multidisciplinary continuous patient-centred care and a careful follow-up for all lung cancer patients, including LTLCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fonseca
- Multidisciplinary Thoracic Tumours Unit, Pulmonology Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | | | - João Firmino-Machado
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Public Health Institute of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Science Department of University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Barroso
- Multidisciplinary Thoracic Tumours Unit, Pulmonology Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Margarida Dias
- Multidisciplinary Thoracic Tumours Unit, Pulmonology Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
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Li XM, Chen LZ, Liu DM. Effects of online-offline integrated death education on patients with advanced cancer: A before-and-after study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 67:102433. [PMID: 37879192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of the constructed OOIDE intervention in patients with advanced cancer. METHOD In this study, patients were invited to participate in a 4-week OOIDE intervention. The assessment of patients' ability to cope with death was conducted using a scale in conjunction with interviews. Additionally, patients' 'readiness to die' was assessed. RESULTS Thirty-two patients with advanced cancer participated in this study. Our intervention significantly enhanced their perspective on life and spirituality, while also reducing their fear of death (P < 0.01). Furthermore, it facilitated their acceptance of death, encouraged a more rational approach to their illness, and fostered an understanding of hospice care, thereby reinforcing their sense of self-worth. Additionally, the intervention improved the relationship between the patient and their families, fostering greater mutual understanding and respect for the patient's perspectives. Comparing the results to the pre-intervention period, there was a significant increase in the number of patients who discussed death with their families and contemplated the place of their passing (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION OOIDE improves participants' ability to confront death, while also assisting patients' families in the physical and psychological preparations for the loss of their relative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin-Zhi Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Man Liu
- Breast Surgery Clinics, Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Adam R, Nair R, Duncan LF, Yeoh E, Chan J, Vilenskaya V, Gallacher KI. Treatment burden in individuals living with and beyond cancer: A systematic review of qualitative literature. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286308. [PMID: 37228101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with cancer are being given increasing responsibility for the self-management of their health and illness. In other chronic diseases, individuals who experience treatment burden are at risk of poorer health outcomes. Less is known about treatment burden and its impact on individuals with cancer. This systematic review investigated perceptions of treatment burden in individuals living with and beyond cancer. METHODS AND FINDINGS Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were searched for qualitative studies that explored treatment burden in individuals with a diagnosis of breast, prostate, colorectal, or lung cancer at any stage of their diagnostic/treatment trajectory. Descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted. Study quality was assessed using a modified CASP checklist. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021145601). Forty-eight studies were included. Health management after cancer involved cognitive, practical, and relational work for patients. Individuals were motivated to perform health management work to improve life-expectancy, manage symptoms, and regain a sense of normality. Performing health care work could be empowering and gave individuals a sense of control. Treatment burden occurred when there was a mismatch between the resources needed for health management and their availability. Individuals with chronic and severe symptoms, financial challenges, language barriers, and limited social support are particularly at risk of treatment burden. For those with advanced cancer, consumption of time and energy by health care work is a significant burden. CONCLUSION Treatment burden could be an important mediator of inequities in cancer outcomes. Many of the factors leading to treatment burden in individuals with cancer are potentially modifiable. Clinicians should consider carefully what they are asking or expecting patients to do, and the resources required, including how much patient time will be consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind Adam
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Revathi Nair
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa F Duncan
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Esyn Yeoh
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Chan
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Vaselisa Vilenskaya
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Katie I Gallacher
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, General Practice & Primary Care, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Jensen S, Bloch Z, Quist M, Hansen TTD, Johansen C, Pappot H, Suetta C, Skjødt Rafn B. Sarcopenia and loss of muscle mass in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:318-328. [PMID: 37051865 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2180660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with cancer, sarcopenia is associated with treatment related complications, treatment cessation, poor quality of life and reduced overall survival. Despite this, there is limited knowledge about changes in skeletal muscle mass during chemotherapy. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the change of skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia during chemotherapy treatment among patients with lung cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in three databases, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Observational studies with patients with lung cancer were eligible for inclusion if skeletal muscle mass was measured before and after receiving chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS Ten cohort studies with a total of 867 participants met the inclusion criteria. During 5.2 ± 2.9 months of chemotherapy treatment, patients with lung cancer experienced a significant loss of skeletal muscle mass with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of: -0.25 (95% CI -0.47 to -0.03). The pretreatment prevalence of sarcopenia varied across studies from 35% to 74%. Only one study reported prevalence of sarcopenia both before and after chemotherapy treatment with an increase from 35% to 59%. CONCLUSION The present data demonstrate a marked loss of skeletal muscle mass in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy treatment, as well as a high prevalence of sarcopenia. As sarcopenia is associated with poor clinical outcomes, it seems important to include and use assessments of skeletal muscle mass in clinical practice to identify patients in need for interventions. Moreover, interventional studies to hinder development of sarcopenia are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jensen
- Cancer Survivorship and Treatment Late Effects, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zina Bloch
- Cancer Survivorship and Treatment Late Effects, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Quist
- University Hospitals, Centre for Health Research Department, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Tobias Tuse Dunk Hansen
- Cancer Survivorship and Treatment Late Effects, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Cancer Survivorship and Treatment Late Effects, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Pappot
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Suetta
- Geriatric Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Clinical Age Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Geriatric Research Unit, Department of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital-Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bolette Skjødt Rafn
- Cancer Survivorship and Treatment Late Effects, Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Laranjeira C, Dourado M. "Dignity as a Small Candle Flame That Doesn't Go Out!": An Interpretative Phenomenological Study with Patients Living with Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17029. [PMID: 36554911 PMCID: PMC9778832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Long-term illness, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), can expose people to existential suffering that threatens their dignity. This qualitative study explored the lived experiences of patients with advanced COPD in relation to dignity. An interpretative phenomenological approach based on lifeworld existentials was conducted to explore and understand the world of the lived experience. Twenty individuals with advanced COPD (GOLD [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease] stages III and IV) were selected using a purposive sampling strategy. In-depth interviews were used to collect data, which were then analysed using Van Manen's phenomenology of practice. The existential experience of dignity was understood, in essence, as "a small candle flame that doesn't go out!". Four intertwined constituents illuminated the phenomenon: "Lived body-balancing between sick body and willingness to continue"; "Lived relations-balancing between self-control and belongingness"; "Lived Time-balancing between past, present and a limited future"; and "Lived space-balancing between safe places and non-compassionate places". This study explains how existential life phenomena are experienced during the final phases of the COPD trajectory and provides ethical awareness of how dignity is lived. More research is needed to investigate innovative approaches to manage complex care in advanced COPD, in order to assist patients in discovering their inner resources to develop and promote dignity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena–Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Rua de Santo André—66–68, Campus 5, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI I&D), Piaget Institute, 3515-776 Viseu, Portugal
- Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, R. Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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