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Dell’Anno M, Frazzini S, Ferri I, Tuberti S, Bonaldo E, Botti B, Grossi S, Sgoifo Rossi CA, Rossi L. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Chestnut and Quebracho Tannin Supplementation on Neonatal Diarrhoea in Preweaning Calves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:237. [PMID: 38397835 PMCID: PMC10885919 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) poses a significant health challenge in cattle herds, resulting in considerable economic losses and antimicrobial use. In response to the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance, viable alternatives are imperative, aligning with European policies. This study evaluated the in-milk supplementation of the chestnut and quebracho tannin extract in preweaning calves on performance, diarrhoea occurrence, Cryptosporidium spp. shedding, protein digestibility, and intestinal health. Twenty newborn calves were divided, after colostrum administration, into two experimental groups for 30 days as follows: the control (CTRL) was fed with whole milk and solid feed, and tannins (TAN) were fed whole milk supplemented with 6/g day of tannin extract and solid feed. Faecal samples were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 for the evaluation of Cryptosporidium oocyst shedding and protein digestibility. Faecal consistency was evaluated during the sampling using the faecal score scale (0-3 scale, considering diarrhoea > 1). The results showed a significant reduction in diarrhoea frequency in the TAN compared to the CTRL group (p < 0.05) over 30 days of the trial. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was generally low (12%), considering all analysed samples. Protein digestibility revealed comparable values for the TAN and CTRL groups, suggesting that tannins did not negatively affect milk protein availability. In conclusion, the in-milk supplementation of 6/g day of the chestnut and quebracho tannin extract could be considered a valuable functional feed additive to decrease NCD occurrence, thus supporting animal health and decreasing antibiotic use in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Dell’Anno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Sara Frazzini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Irene Ferri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Susanna Tuberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Elisa Bonaldo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Benedetta Botti
- Freelance Veterinarian, Via Alessandrini, 4, Bogolese di Sorbolo, 43058 Parma, Italy;
| | - Silvia Grossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
| | - Luciana Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences—DIVAS, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.D.); (S.F.); (I.F.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (S.G.); (C.A.S.R.)
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The addition of hydrolyzable tannin extract to milk affects calves' performance, health, blood metabolites, and pathogen shedding. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Turini L, Mantino A, Tozzi B, Bonelli F, Silvi A, Mele M, Sgorbini M, Meucci V, Minieri S. Effect of a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Preventing Calves' Diarrhea. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:873194. [PMID: 35647110 PMCID: PMC9130831 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.873194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the preventive and the therapeutic effect of Stodi® as phytogenic feed additive rich in phenolic substances on the calf diarrhea, during the first 24 days of life. A total of 40 calves were included and randomly divided into Group C (control group) and Group T (treated group) with placebo or treatment administration started from the third day of life (T0). Calves belonged to group C received 2 L of warm water, while the calves assigned to group T received 2L of warm water plus 30 g of Stodi®. Solutions administration was maintained until day 21 (T21) that was the end of the experimental period. Calves were weighed at T0 and T21 to assess the average daily gain (ADG). Physical examination and fecal score evaluation were performed daily. The duration of a diarrheic episode, the age of the first diarrhea outbreak (TDE) and the frequency of diarrheic episodes were recorded. Complete blood count, methemoglobin and liver enzymes were evaluated at T0 and at T21 in all the calves by spectrophotometer and clinical chemistry analysis, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model. A Chi-square and a Mann-Whitney test were also performed. No difference was found for ADG between the groups. The difference of mean age at TDE was not statistically significant between C and T group. The number of calves with diarrhea in the C group tended to be higher than that of T group (p = 0.13). Calves in group C spent more days with clinical sign of diarrhea compared to group T (p = 0.016). Complete blood count, methemoglobin and liver enzymes were within the reference ranges. The feed additive Stodi® seemed to be effective in shortening neonatal diarrhea episodes in calves thanks to the administration of 30 g per day of product. The fixed dosage of Stodi® used in our study did not show a preventive effect to reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Turini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari, Agro-ambientali, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantino
- Istituto di Scienze della Vita, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Tozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Bonelli
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alina Silvi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari, Agro-ambientali, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marcello Mele
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari, Agro-ambientali, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Micaela Sgorbini
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Meucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Minieri
- Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “E. Avanzi”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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