1
|
Payton E, Khubchandani J, Thompson A, Price JH. Parents' Expectations of High Schools in Firearm Violence Prevention. J Community Health 2017; 42:1118-1126. [PMID: 28527100 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-017-0360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Firearm violence remains a significant problem in the US (with 2787 adolescents killed in 2015). However, the research on school firearm violence prevention practices and policies is scant. Parents are major stakeholders in relation to firearm violence by youths and school safety in general. The purpose of this study was to examine what parents thought schools should be doing to reduce the risk of firearm violence in schools. A valid and reliable questionnaire was mailed to a national random sample of 600 parents who had at least one child enrolled in a public secondary school (response rate = 47%). Parents perceived inadequate parental monitoring/rearing practices (73%), peer harassment and/or bullying (58%), inadequate mental health care services for youth (54%), and easy access to guns (51%) as major causes of firearm violence in schools. The school policies perceived to be most effective in reducing firearm violence were installing an alert system in schools (70%), working with law enforcement to design an emergency response plan (70%), creating a comprehensive security plan (68%), requiring criminal background checks for all school personnel prior to hiring (67%), and implementing an anonymous system for students to report peer concerns regarding potential violence (67%). Parents seem to have a limited grasp of potentially effective interventions to reduce firearm violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Payton
- Department of Public Health Education, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fecso AB, Bonrath EM, Grantcharov TP. Training in Laparoscopic Gastric Cancer Surgery in the Western World: Current Educational Practices, Challenges, and Potential Opportunities at a Large University Centre. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2016; 73:749-755. [PMID: 27137666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore and understand how surgeons distribute tasks during a laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer in an academic teaching environment. DESIGN An anonymous, cross-sectional, census survey was used to poll trainees' and staff members' opinions pertaining to laparoscopic gastrectomy. SETTING Academic and community tertiary teaching hospitals, affiliated with the University of Toronto. PARTICIPANTS All surgeons, within the Department of General Surgery at the University of Toronto, who practice laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer, were invited to participate. All general surgery residents, postgraduate year 1-5, minimally invasive surgery and surgical oncology fellows at the University of Toronto were invited to participate. Overall response rate was 74.35% (n = 87/117). RESULTS The results suggested that trainees do not routinely perform the major operative steps. Trainees agreed with faculty in this regard; however, there was a statistically significant difference in opinions, related to the degree of the perceived active operating of the trainees. There was also a difference in opinion, between trainees and faculty, regarding the common reasons for takeover. CONCLUSIONS The present survey highlights that current level of active exposure of surgical trainees to laparoscopic gastric surgery might be insufficient. A lack of role clarity may further hinder an optimal educational experience during these cases. Adopting a stepwise approach, with task deconstruction, could optimize training. Additional training modalities may be required to ensure technical proficiency is acquired before independent practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andras B Fecso
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Esther M Bonrath
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teodor P Grantcharov
- Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Librett J, Yore MM, Buchner DM, Schmid TL. Take Pride in America's Health: Volunteering as a Gateway to Physical Activity. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2005.10608149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Librett
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Branch , Mailstop K 46, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta , GA , 30341-3717 , USA
| | - Michelle M. Yore
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Branch , Mailstop K 46, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta , GA , 30341-3717 , USA
| | - David M. Buchner
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Branch , Mailstop K 46, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta , GA , 30341-3717 , USA
| | - Thomas L. Schmid
- a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Physical Activity Branch , Mailstop K 46, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta , GA , 30341-3717 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Price JH, Daek JA, Murnan J, Dimmig J, Akpanudo S. Power Analysis in Survey Research: Importance and Use for Health Educators. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2005.10608185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James H. Price
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| | - Joseph A. Daek
- b Division of Health , Wayne State University , Detroit , MI , 48202 , USA
| | - Judy Murnan
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| | - Jaime Dimmig
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| | - Sutoidem Akpanudo
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Price JH, Murnan J. Research Limitations and the Necessity of Reporting Them. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2004.10603611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James H. Price
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| | - Judy Murnan
- a Department of Public Health , University of Toledo , Toledo , OH , 43606 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Webber D, Collins M, DeFilippis N, Hill F. Reliability of the Clinical Dementia Rating with a traumatic brain injury population: a preliminary study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2013; 20:145-51. [PMID: 23398000 DOI: 10.1080/09084282.2012.670161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The CDR is a commonly used rating of impairment, but there has been no research examining its utility in patients with TBI. It was hypothesized that the CDR would have good IRR when used with patients with TBI. Two hundred and fifty U.S. neuropsychologists were randomly selected from the National Academy of Neuropsychology's membership list and were mailed packets of information (e.g., CDR, patient vignette, mental status, neuropsychological test information, and history). Professionals were asked to complete the CDR for the described patient and return the information. IRR was calculated for the Global CDR score and each of the six CDR domains. Of those packets mailed, 53 were returned and completed as instructed (21.2% response rate). Clinician experience varied from 0 to 31 years. Global CDR score IRR was 73.6%. Domain IRRs were as follows: Orientation, 79.2%; Home and Hobbies, 71.7%; Personal Care, 71.7%; Memory, 56.6%; Judgment and Problem Solving, 49.1%; and Community Affairs, 54.7%. Results suggest the CDR Global score has acceptable IRR (>.70). Overall concordance (W = .527) among raters was significant with moderate-to-strong agreement. Further research to improve the utility of this instrument is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Webber
- Georgia School of Professional Psychology, Atlanta, GA 30328, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luquis R, Pèrez MA, Young K. Cultural Competence Development in Health Education Professional Preparation Programs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2006.10598908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffy Luquis
- a W331 Olmsted, Health Education , Penn State Harrisburg , 777 W. Harrisburg Pike, Middletown , PA , 17057
| | - Miguel A. Pèrez
- b Department of Health Sciences , California State University , Fresno, 2345 E. San Ramon Ave., M/S 30, Fresno , CA , 937408031
| | - Kathleen Young
- c Department of Health Sciences , California State University , Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge , CA , 91330
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Johnson P, Priestley JL, Johnson RD. A Survey of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Knowledge among Health Educators in the United States. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2008.10599018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Johnson
- a Department of Biokinetics, Sport, and Leisure Science , University of Pretoria, Kennesaw State University , Pretoria , GT 0001 , South Africa
| | - Jennifer Lewis Priestley
- b Department of Mathematics and Statistics , Kennesaw State University , 1000 Chastain Road, Kennesaw , GA , 30144
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anderson M, Richardson J, McKie J, Iezzi A, Khan M. The relevance of personal characteristics in health care rationing: what the Australian public thinks and why. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY 2011; 70:131-151. [PMID: 21322896 DOI: 10.1111/j.1536-7150.2010.00766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This article examines the preferences of the general public in Australia regarding health care resource allocation. While previous studies have revealed that the public is willing to give priority to particular groups of patients based on their personal characteristics, the present article goes beyond previous efforts in attempting to explain these results. In the present study, there was strong support among respondents for giving “equal priority” to people regardless of their personal characteristics. However, respondents did reveal a preference for married patients over single, for children over adults, for carers of children and the elderly, sole breadwinners, and good community contributors. Further, they would give a lower priority to those perceived as “self-harmers”—smokers, individuals with unhealthy diets, and those who rarely exercise. Variation in the answers according to broad economic and social beliefs across seven different categories (“factors”) influenced the pattern of the public's attitudes towards rationing. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) indicated that most of the items in our survey are associated with seven factors that explain or capture much of the variation. These relate to a patient's avoidance of self-harm behaviors (Safe Living), their Life Style (diet, exercise, etc.), their contribution to the community through caring for others (Caring), their talents (Gifted), their sexual behavior (Sexuality), their age and marital status (Family), and whether they are an Australian citizen or employed (Citizen). The strength of social preferences—e.g., how strongly respondents would “discriminate” against a recreational drug user or preference a person with a healthy diet—is related to the particular class of preferences.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheney LC, Kohler C, Legge Muilenburg J. A Woman in Transition: can drama deliver a cancer awareness message? JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2006; 21:129-32. [PMID: 17371174 DOI: 10.1207/s15430154jce2103_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entertainment education is a field of health communication that utilizes a variety of entertainment to change health behaviors. METHOD In this article, we describe a pilot project in which we measured the effectiveness of drama as a health communication tool. Attendees completed a pretest and posttest measuring knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to breast cancer screening. RESULTS At posttest, more women indicated breast self-exam rather than mammogram to be the "best method of early detection." CONCLUSION Researchers who use drama as a communication tool cannot be assured of the final health message delivered. Careful evaluation to monitor the effectiveness of drama as a cancer awareness tool is vital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia C Cheney
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-3300, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Overcash JA, Beckstead J, Extermann M, Cobb S. The abbreviated comprehensive geriatric assessment (aCGA): a retrospective analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2005; 54:129-36. [PMID: 15843095 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2004.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidimensional assessment that is designed to detect health problems. A barrier to conducting the CGA is the length of time required to complete the entire assessment. OBJECTIVE To understand what items contained in the instruments that make up the CGA could be compiled to construct an abbreviated CGA (aCGA). DESIGN/SETTING A retrospective chart review of patients at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center. PARTICIPANTS Over 500 charts between 1995 and 2001 were reviewed on patients 70 and over. MEASUREMENTS Item-to-total correlations and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were calculated. Construct validity was assessed using a Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient. RESULTS Fifteen items were compiled to form the aCGA. Cronbach's alpha was 0.65-0.92 on each instrument of the entire CGA compared to 0.70-0.94 on the aCGA. Correlations ranged from 0.84 to 0.96 for the entire CGA and the aCGA. CONCLUSION An aCGA can be helpful in screening for those seniors who would benefit from the entire CGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine A Overcash
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 22, Tampa, FL 33612-4766, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Price JH, Murnan J. Strategies for Getting Published in the American Journal of Health Education. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2004.10603641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James H. Price
- a University of Toledo , Ohio , USA
- b American Journal of Health Education , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|