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Jia XX, Hu C, Chen C, Gao LP, Liang DL, Zhou W, Cao RD, Xiao K, Shi Q, Dong XP. Different reactive profiles of calmodulin in the CSF samples of Chinese patients of four types of genetic prion diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1341886. [PMID: 38390431 PMCID: PMC10881788 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1341886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Calmodulin (CaM) levels exhibit significant elevation in the brain tissue of rodent and cell line models infected with prion, as well as in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients diagnosed with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). However, the status of CSF CaM in patients with genetic prion diseases (gPrDs) remains unclear. This study aims to assess the characteristics of CSF CaM in Chinese patients presenting four subtypes of gPrDs. Methods A total of 103 CSF samples from patients diagnosed with T188K-gCJD, E200K-gCJD, D178N-FFI, P102L-GSS were included in this study, along with 40 CSF samples from patients with non-prion diseases (non-PrDs). The presence of CSF CaM and 14-3-3 proteins was assessed using Western blots analysis, while levels of CSF 14-3-3 and total tau were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Statistical methods including multivariate logistic regression were employed to evaluate the association between CSF CaM positivity and relevant clinical, laboratory, and genetic factors. Results The positive rates of CSF CaM were significantly higher in cases of T188K-gCJD (77.1%), E200K-gCJD (86.0%), and P102-GSS (90.9%) compared to non-PrD cases (22.5%). In contrast, CSF CaM positivity was slightly elevated in D178N-FFI (34.3%). CSF CaM positivity was remarkably high in patients who tested positive for CSF 14-3-3 by Western blot and exhibited high levels of total tau (≥1400 pg/ml) as measures by ELISA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant association between CSF CaM positivity and specific mutations in PRNP, as well as with CSF 14-3-3 positivity. Furthermore, the diagnostic performance of CaM surpassed that of 14-3-3 and tau when analyzing CSF samples from T188K-gCJD and E200K-gCJD patients. Conclusion Western blot analysis reveals significant variations in the positivity of CSF CaM among the four genotypes of gPrD cases, demonstrating a positive correlation with 14-3-3 positivity and elevated tau levels in CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xi Jia
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hu
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Lin Liang
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Run-Dong Cao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Shi
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai, China
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Wu YZ, Gao LP, Chen DD, Liang DL, Chen J, Xiao K, Hu C, Chen C, Shi Q, Dong XP. Spontaneous prion disease in homozygous and heterozygous transgenic mouse models of T188K genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 131:156-169. [PMID: 37660403 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with T188K mutation (T188K gCJD) is the most frequent genetic prion disease in China. To explore the penetration of T188K mutation and the pathogenesis of T188K gCJD, we constructed 2 lines of transgenic mouse models: homozygous Tg188K+/+ mice containing T188K mutation in 2 alleles of human PRNP background and heterozygous Tg188K+/- mice containing 1 allele of T188K human PRNP and 1 allele of the wild-type mouse PRNP. Spontaneous neurological illnesses were identified in all Tg188K mice at their old ages (750-800 days old). About half of the Tg188K mice died prior to the final observation (930 days old). Extensive spongiosis, PrPSc deposit, and reactive gliosis of astrocytes and microglia are neuropathologically identified, showing time-dependent exacerbation. Proteinase K-resistant PrP was detected in the brain, muscle, and intestine tissues, and positive real-time quaking-induced conversion reactions were elicited by the brain and muscle tissues of Tg188K mice. Those data verify that the constructed Tg188K mice highly mimic the clinicopathology of human T188K gCJD, strongly indicating the pathogenicity of T188K mutated PrP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Zhang Wu
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Dong Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Lin Liang
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hu
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Shi
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- National Key-Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai, China.
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Standardization of Data Analysis for RT-QuIC-Based Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020309. [PMID: 36839581 PMCID: PMC9962701 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a disease affecting cervids and is caused by prions accumulating as pathogenic fibrils in lymphoid tissue and the central nervous system. Approaches for detecting CWD prions historically relied on antibody-based assays. However, recent advancements in protein amplification technology provided the foundation for a new class of CWD diagnostic tools. In particular, real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) has rapidly become a feasible option for CWD diagnosis. Despite its increased usage for CWD-focused research, there lacks a consensus regarding the interpretation of RT-QuIC data for diagnostic purposes. It is imperative then to identify a standardized and replicable method for determining CWD status from RT-QuIC data. Here, we assessed variables that could impact RT-QuIC results and explored the use of maxpoint ratios (maximumRFU/backgroundRFU) to improve the consistency of RT-QuIC analysis. We examined a variety of statistical analyses to retrospectively analyze CWD status based on RT-QuIC and ELISA results from 668 white-tailed deer lymph nodes. Our results revealed an MPR threshold of 2.0 for determining the rate of amyloid formation, and MPR analysis showed excellent agreement with independent ELISA results. These findings suggest that the use of MPR is a statistically viable option for normalizing between RT-QuIC experiments and defining CWD status.
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Xiao K, Shi Q, Chen C, Zhou W, Gao C, Gao L, Han J, Wang J, Dong X. Establishment of a Special Platform for the Research of Prion and the Diagnosis of Human Prion Disease - China's Studies. China CDC Wkly 2022; 4:729-734. [PMID: 36285113 PMCID: PMC9547738 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2022.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies of prions and prion disease usually need many special platforms and techniques that differ from those for classical microbes. Search of new biomarkers and establishment of new methods for the diagnosis of human prion diseases are priorities in the field of prion study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Division of Science and Technology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai Municipality, China,Dong Xiaoping,
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Chen DD, Jiao L, Huang Y, Xiao K, Gao LP, Chen C, Shi Q, Dong XP. Application of α-Syn Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion for Brain and Skin Specimens of the Chinese Patients With Parkinson’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:898516. [PMID: 35847665 PMCID: PMC9283982 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.898516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay has been developed and used as an in vitro diagnostic tool for Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we established α-Syn RT-QuIC using recombinant human α-Syn as the substrate. All 5 brain homogenates of neuropathological PD cases and 13 skin homogenates of clinical PD cases showed positive results, whereas all the samples of negative controls remain negative. Meantime, randomly selected 6 skin samples of PD cases and 6 skin samples of sCJD cases showed negative in opposite prion RT-QuIC and α-Syn RT-QuIC. Our α-Syn RT-QuIC showed dose-dependent manner between the lag times and peak ThT fluorescent values. Additionally, the detecting limitation was about 10–7 dilution for brain tissues and 10–6 for skins. Those data indicate a reliable specificity and good sensitivity of the established α-Syn RT-QuIC in identifying and amplifying the misfolded α-Syn in brain and skin tissues of patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Jiao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Neurology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Shi,
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai, China
- Xiao-Ping Dong,
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Luan X, Zhang X, Zhou Y. The Role and Clinical Observation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Relieving Senile Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9484095. [PMID: 35601141 PMCID: PMC9122729 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9484095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the role and clinical observation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in relieving senile insomnia and conduct a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Methods We searched Chinese literatures from some database, including the China Knowledge Network database, Chongqing CQVIP Chinese database, Wanfang database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature database. In addition, English literature retrieval database PubMed and the Cochrane Library were included in this meta-analysis. The randomized controlled trial (RCT) of cognitive behavioral therapy was found in the treatment of chronic insomnia. All articles were current up to December 1, 2021, and references in the literature were hand searched. Results About 16 studies were included, involving 1260 elderly patients with insomnia. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group, the sleep latency of the experimental group MD = -8.02, 95% CI (10.95, 5.01), the number of awakenings of the experimental group MD = -0.41, 95% CI (0.68, 0.14), the total sleep time of the experimental group MD = 39.41, 95% CI (27.05, 51.71), the sleep efficiency of the experimental group MD = 7.82, 95% CI (1.87, 13.75) the Pittsburgh sleep quality index of the experimental group MD = 2.41, 95% CI (3.12, 1.46), the effective rate of the experimental group: OR = 3.12, 95% CI (1.76, 5.48), and the insomnia severity index of the experimental group MD = 1.05, 95% CI (2.04, 0.52). Conclusion Our current study has indicated that TCM may play a central role in relieving senile insomnia and may be effective when treating insomnia. However, due to the low quality of trial methodology and publication bias, it cannot be fully confirmed. Further high-quality trials are needed to be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luan
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yixin Zhou
- Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 200120, Shanghai 200120, China
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Yukang T, Jiaquan L, Xiaoling L, Yiliang L, Guohong X, Caixia X, Guojun X. A fatal familial insomnia patient newly diagnosed as having depression: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27544. [PMID: 34731156 PMCID: PMC8519249 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare clinical case. The study was mainly to report the clinical symptoms and imaging and genetic characteristics of a FFI case with depression, with relevant literature summarized. PATIENT CONCERNS A male, aged 57 years old, with mental disorders and progressive memory decline one year before admission. DIAGNOSIS Clinical manifestations: he had obvious abnormal mental behavior, rapidly progressing dementia symptoms, stubborn insomnia, abnormal movements and laryngeal stridor after falling asleep at night. Imaging and genetic test results: the cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed frontal temporal lobe atrophy; the polysomnography results showed no effective sleep; the 14-3-3 test result of cerebrospinal fluid was negative; the prion protein (PRNP) test showed that the D178N gene locus had mutations. And the patient was finally diagnosed as FFI. INTERVENTIONS There were no obvious effects in the treatment using medicines such as Risperidone, Olanzapine, Alprazolam, Clonazepam, and Deanxit. OUTCOMES Mobility dysfunction of the patient was further aggravated. He was no longer able to move around on his own, and there were serious mental disorders. CONCLUSION PRNP examination is of guiding significance for the diagnosis of the FFI of depression. Hence, it is very necessary to perform PRNP examination in clinical diagnosis of FFI of depression.
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Moško T, Galušková S, Matěj R, Brůžová M, Holada K. Detection of Prions in Brain Homogenates and CSF Samples Using a Second-Generation RT-QuIC Assay: A Useful Tool for Retrospective Analysis of Archived Samples. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060750. [PMID: 34199205 PMCID: PMC8231989 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The possibilities for diagnosing prion diseases have shifted significantly over the last 10 years. The RT-QuIC assay option has been added for neuropsychiatric symptoms, supporting biomarkers and final post-mortem confirmation. Samples of brain homogenates used for final diagnosis, archived for many years, provide the possibility for retrospective studies. We used a second-generation RT-QuIC assay to detect seeding activity in different types of sporadic and genetic prion diseases in archival brain homogenates and post-mortem CSF samples that were 2 to 15 years old. Together, we tested 92 archival brain homogenates: 39 with definite prion disease, 28 with definite other neurological disease, and 25 with no signs of neurological disorders. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 97.4% and 100%, respectively. Differences were observed in gCJD E200K, compared to the sporadic CJD group. In 52 post-mortem CSF samples-24 with definite prion disease and 28 controls-we detected the inhibition of seeding reaction due to high protein content. Diluting the samples eliminated such inhibition and led to 95.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity of the assay. In conclusion, we proved the reliability of archived brain homogenates and post-mortem CSF samples for retrospective analysis by RT-QuIC after long-term storage, without changed reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Moško
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.G.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-728-853-503
| | - Soňa Galušková
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Radoslav Matěj
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, 14059 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 10034 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Brůžová
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, 14059 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Karel Holada
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.G.); (K.H.)
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