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Pei B, Peng S, Huang C, Zhou F. Bifidobacterium modulation of tumor immunotherapy and its mechanism. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:94. [PMID: 38564002 PMCID: PMC10987355 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The advent of tumor immunotherapy in patients has revolutionized the treatment of tumors and significantly improved survival rates for a wide range of tumors. However, the full therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has yet to be realized, as not all patients have a lasting survival benefit from them, and a significant proportion of patients show primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy. Bifidobacterium is one of the most common probiotics, and its antitumor and immunomodulatory effects have been demonstrated in recent years, but its immunomodulatory effects in tumors, especially on ICIs and in combination, have not been extensively studied in clinical practice, and its effects on the immune system and the mechanisms that modulate immunotherapy are largely unknown. Therefore, this review will focus on the immunomodulatory effects of Bifidobacteria in malignancies and the possible mechanisms of action of Bifidobacteria on immunotherapy in the hope of providing a basis for further research and better application of Bifidobacteria in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, China
| | - Shixuan Peng
- Department of Oncology, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chuying Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, China
- Hubei Selenium and Human Health Institute, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Selenium Resources and Bioapplications, Enshi, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Jagatia R, Doornebal EJ, Rastovic U, Harris N, Feyide M, Lyons AM, Miquel R, Zen Y, Zamalloa A, Malik F, Prachalias A, Menon K, Boulter L, Eaton S, Heaton N, Phillips S, Chokshi S, Palma E. Patient-derived precision cut tissue slices from primary liver cancer as a potential platform for preclinical drug testing. EBioMedicine 2023; 97:104826. [PMID: 37806285 PMCID: PMC10667128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exploitation of anti-tumour immunity, harnessed through immunomodulatory therapies, has fundamentally changed the treatment of primary liver cancer (PLC). However, this has posed significant challenges in preclinical research. Novel immunologically relevant models for PLC are urgently required to improve the translation from bench to bedside and back, explore and predict effective combinatorial therapies, aid novel drug discovery and develop personalised treatment modalities. METHODS We used human precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) derived from resected tumours to create a patient-specific immunocompetent disease model that captures the multifaceted and intricate heterogeneity of the tumour and the tumour microenvironment. Tissue architecture, tumour viability and treatment response to single agent and combination therapies were assessed longitudinally over 8 days of ex vivo culture by histological analysis, detection of proliferation/cell death markers, ATP content via HPLC. Immune cell infiltrate was assessed using PCR and immunofluorescence. Checkpoint receptor expression was quantified via Quantigene RNA assay. FINDINGS After optimising the culture conditions, PCTS maintained the original tissue architecture, including tumour morphology, stroma and tumour-infiltrated leukocytes. Moreover, PCTS retained the tumour-specific immunophenotype over time, suggesting the utility of PCTS to investigate immunotherapeutic drug efficacy and identify non-responsiveness. INTERPRETATION Here we have characterised the PCTS model and demonstrated its effectiveness as a robust preclinical tool that will significantly support the development of successful (immuno)therapeutic strategies for PLC. FUNDING Foundation for Liver Research, London.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Jagatia
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Ewald J Doornebal
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Una Rastovic
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Harris
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Moyosoreoluwa Feyide
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Anabel Martinez Lyons
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Rosa Miquel
- Liver Histopathology Laboratory, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Yoh Zen
- Liver Histopathology Laboratory, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Ane Zamalloa
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Farooq Malik
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Prachalias
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Krishna Menon
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Scottish Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Eaton
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Heaton
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Phillips
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Shilpa Chokshi
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Palma
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, 111, Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NT, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
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Smith MD, Case MA, Makowski EK, Tessier PM. Position-Specific Enrichment Ratio Matrix scores predict antibody variant properties from deep sequencing data. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad446. [PMID: 37478351 PMCID: PMC10477941 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Deep sequencing of antibody and related protein libraries after phage or yeast-surface display sorting is widely used to identify variants with increased affinity, specificity, and/or improvements in key biophysical properties. Conventional approaches for identifying optimal variants typically use the frequencies of observation in enriched libraries or the corresponding enrichment ratios. However, these approaches disregard the vast majority of deep sequencing data and often fail to identify the best variants in the libraries. RESULTS Here, we present a method, Position-Specific Enrichment Ratio Matrix (PSERM) scoring, that uses entire deep sequencing datasets from pre- and post-selections to score each observed protein variant. The PSERM scores are the sum of the site-specific enrichment ratios observed at each mutated position. We find that PSERM scores are much more reproducible and correlate more strongly with experimentally measured properties than frequencies or enrichment ratios, including for multiple antibody properties (affinity and non-specific binding) for a clinical-stage antibody (emibetuzumab). We expect that this method will be broadly applicable to diverse protein engineering campaigns. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION All deep sequencing datasets and code to perform the analyses presented within are available via https://github.com/Tessier-Lab-UMich/PSERM_paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - Marshall A Case
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - Emily K Makowski
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
| | - Peter M Tessier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Protein Folding Disease Initiative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
- Michigan Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, United States
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4
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Bulaon CJI, Khorattanakulchai N, Rattanapisit K, Sun H, Pisuttinusart N, Strasser R, Tanaka S, Soon-Shiong P, Phoolcharoen W. Antitumor effect of plant-produced anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody in a murine model of colon cancer. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1149455. [PMID: 37711295 PMCID: PMC10497774 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1149455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is an immune checkpoint regulator exclusively expressed on T cells that obstructs the cell's effector functions. Ipilimumab (Yervoy®), a CTLA-4 blocking antibody, emerged as a notable breakthrough in modern cancer treatment, showing upfront clinical benefits in multiple carcinomas. However, the exhilarating cost of checkpoint blockade therapy is discouraging and even utmost prominent in developing countries. Thereby, affordability of cancer care has become a point of emphasis in drug development pipelines. Plant expression system blossomed as a cutting-edge platform for rapid, facile to scale-up, and economical production of recombinant therapeutics. Here, we describe the production of an anti-CTLA-4 2C8 antibody in Nicotiana benthamiana. ELISA and bio-layer interferometry were used to analyze antigen binding and binding kinetics. Anticancer responses in vivo were evaluated using knocked-in mice implanted with syngeneic colon tumor. At 4 days post-infiltration, the antibody was transiently expressed in plants with yields of up to 39.65 ± 8.42 μg/g fresh weight. Plant-produced 2C8 binds to both human and murine CTLA-4, and the plant-produced IgG1 also binds to human FcγRIIIa (V158). In addition, the plant-produced 2C8 monoclonal antibody is as effective as Yervoy® in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our study underlines the applicability of plant platform to produce functional therapeutic antibodies with promising potential in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Joy I. Bulaon
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Nuttapat Pisuttinusart
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shiho Tanaka
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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5
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Smith MD, Case MA, Makowski EK, Tessier PM. Position-Specific Enrichment Ratio Matrix scores predict antibody variant properties from deep sequencing data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.548448. [PMID: 37503142 PMCID: PMC10369870 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.548448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Motivation Deep sequencing of antibody and related protein libraries after phage or yeast-surface display sorting is widely used to identify variants with increased affinity, specificity and/or improvements in key biophysical properties. Conventional approaches for identifying optimal variants typically use the frequencies of observation in enriched libraries or the corresponding enrichment ratios. However, these approaches disregard the vast majority of deep sequencing data and often fail to identify the best variants in the libraries. Results Here, we present a method, Position-Specific Enrichment Ratio Matrix (PSERM) scoring, that uses entire deep sequencing datasets from pre- and post-selections to score each observed protein variant. The PSERM scores are the sum of the site-specific enrichment ratios observed at each mutated position. We find that PSERM scores are much more reproducible and correlate more strongly with experimentally measured properties than frequencies or enrichment ratios, including for multiple antibody properties (affinity and non-specific binding) for a clinical-stage antibody (emibetuzumab). We expect that this method will be broadly applicable to diverse protein engineering campaigns. Availability All deep sequencing datasets and code to do the analyses presented within are available via GitHub. Contact Peter Tessier, ptessier@umich.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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6
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Fernandes Â, Azevedo CM, Silva MC, Faria G, Dantas CS, Vicente MM, Pinho SS. Glycans as shapers of tumour microenvironment: A sweet driver of T-cell-mediated anti-tumour immune response. Immunology 2023; 168:217-232. [PMID: 35574724 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Essentially all cells are covered with a dense coat of different glycan structures/sugar chains, giving rise to the so-called glycocalyx. Changes in cellular glycosylation are a hallmark of cancer, affecting most of the pathophysiological processes associated with malignant transformation, including tumour immune responses. Glycans are chief macromolecules that define T-cell development, differentiation, fate, activation and signalling. Thus, the diversity of glycans expressed at the surface of T cells constitutes a fundamental molecular interface with the microenvironment by regulating the bilateral interactions between T-cells and cancer cells, fine-tuning the anti-tumour immune response. In this review, we will introduce the power of glycans as orchestrators of T-cell-mediated immune response in physiological conditions and in cancer. We discuss how glycans modulate the glyco-metabolic landscape in the tumour microenvironment, and whether glycans can synergize with immunotherapy as a way of rewiring T-cell effector functions against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Fernandes
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina M Azevedo
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biological Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana C Silva
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biological Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Faria
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina S Dantas
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biological Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel M Vicente
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biological Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biological Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Park J, Le QV, Wu Y, Lee J, Oh YK. Tolerogenic Nanovaccine for Prevention and Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2202670. [PMID: 36208089 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a tolerogenic nanovaccine is developed and tested on an animal model of multiple sclerosis. The nanovaccine is constructed to deliver the self-antigen, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide, and dexamethasone on an abatacept-modified polydopamine core nanoparticle (AbaLDPN-MOG). AbaLDPN-MOG can target dendritic cells and undergo endocytosis followed by trafficking to lysosomes. AbaLDPN-MOG blocks the interaction between CD80/CD86 and CD28 in antigen-presenting cells and T cells, leading to decreased interferon gamma secretion. The subcutaneous administration of AbaLDPN-MOG to mice yields significant biodistribution to lymph nodes and, in experimental-autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model mice, increases the integrity of the myelin basic sheath and minimizes the infiltration of immune cells. EAE mice are treated with AbaLDPN-MOG before or after injection of the autoantigen, MOG. Preimmunization of AbaLDPN-MOG before the injection of MOG completely blocks the development of clinical symptoms. Early treatment with AbaLDPN-MOG at three days after injection of MOG also completely blocks the development of symptoms. Notably, treatment of EAE symptom-developed mice with AbaLDPN-MOG significantly alleviates the symptoms, indicating that the nanovaccine has therapeutic effects. Although AbaLDPN is used for MOG peptide delivery in the EAE model, the concept of AbaLDPN can be widely applied for the prevention and alleviation of other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Quoc-Viet Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yina Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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8
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Yadav D, Kwak M, Chauhan PS, Puranik N, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Cancer immunotherapy by immune checkpoint blockade and its advanced application using bio-nanomaterials. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:909-922. [PMID: 35181474 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have been the main cancer therapeutic modalities in recent years. Cancer immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic modality that potentiates the immune responses of patients against malignancy. Immune checkpoint proteins expressed on T cells or tumor cells serve as a target for inhibiting T cell overactivation, maintaining the balance between self-reactivity and autoimmunity. Tumors essentially hijack the immune checkpoint pathway in order to survive and spread. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are being developed as a result to reactivate the anti-tumor immune response. Recent advances in nanotechnology have contributed to the development of successful, safe, and efficient anticancer drug systems based on nanoparticles. Nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy overcomes numerous challenges and offers novel strategies for improving conventional immunotherapies. The fundamental and physiochemical properties of nanoparticles depend on various cancer therapeutic strategies, such as chemotherapeutics, nucleic acid-based treatments, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic agents. The review discusses the use of nanoparticles as carriers for delivering immune checkpoint inhibitors and their efficacy in cancer combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry and Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | | | - Nidhi Puranik
- Biological Sciences Department, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
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9
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Horowitz NB, Mohammad I, Moreno-Nieves UY, Koliesnik I, Tran Q, Sunwoo JB. Humanized Mouse Models for the Advancement of Innate Lymphoid Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:648580. [PMID: 33968039 PMCID: PMC8100438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a branch of the immune system that consists of diverse circulating and tissue-resident cells, which carry out functions including homeostasis and antitumor immunity. The development and behavior of human natural killer (NK) cells and other ILCs in the context of cancer is still incompletely understood. Since NK cells and Group 1 and 2 ILCs are known to be important for mediating antitumor immune responses, a clearer understanding of these processes is critical for improving cancer treatments and understanding tumor immunology as a whole. Unfortunately, there are some major differences in ILC differentiation and effector function pathways between humans and mice. To this end, mice bearing patient-derived xenografts or human cell line-derived tumors alongside human genes or human immune cells represent an excellent tool for studying these pathways in vivo. Recent advancements in humanized mice enable unparalleled insights into complex tumor-ILC interactions. In this review, we discuss ILC behavior in the context of cancer, the humanized mouse models that are most commonly employed in cancer research and their optimization for studying ILCs, current approaches to manipulating human ILCs for antitumor activity, and the relative utility of various mouse models for the development and assessment of these ILC-related immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina B Horowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine and School of Engineering, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Imran Mohammad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Uriel Y Moreno-Nieves
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ievgen Koliesnik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Quan Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - John B Sunwoo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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