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Chen X, Abdallah MF, Landschoot S, Audenaert K, De Saeger S, Chen X, Rajkovic A. Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides and Their Main Mycotoxins: Global Distribution and Scenarios of Interactions in Maize. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:577. [PMID: 37756003 PMCID: PMC10534665 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize is frequently contaminated with multiple mycotoxins, especially those produced by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides. As mycotoxin contamination is a critical factor that destabilizes global food safety, the current review provides an updated overview of the (co-)occurrence of A. flavus and F. verticillioides and (co-)contamination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) in maize. Furthermore, it summarizes their interactions in maize. The gathered data predict the (co-)occurrence and virulence of A. flavus and F. verticillioides would increase worldwide, especially in European cold climate countries. Studies on the interaction of both fungi regarding their growth mainly showed antagonistic interactions in vitro or in planta conditions. However, the (co-)contamination of AFB1 and FB1 has risen worldwide in the last decade. Primarily, this co-contamination increased by 32% in Europe (2010-2020 vs. 1992-2009). This implies that fungi and mycotoxins would severely threaten European-grown maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. Abdallah
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Sofie Landschoot
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Kris Audenaert
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.L.); (K.A.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Gauteng 2028, South Africa
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.F.A.); (A.R.)
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Liu N, Chen Y, Liu J, Su Q, Zhao B, Sun M, Jia H, Cao Z, Dong J. Transcriptional differences between major Fusarium pathogens of maize, Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum with different optimum growth temperatures. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1030523. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum are important pathogens causing disease in maize (Zea mays) worldwide. The distributions of these fungal pathogens vary greatly in different regions and in different years, and are influenced by environmental and climatic conditions. Temperature has significant effects on the growth and mycotoxin production of Fusarium species. In this study, the effects of temperature on the growth and pathogenicity of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum were investigated. F. verticillioides grew fastest and exhibited the strongest pathogenicity to maize stems and grains at 30°C, while F. graminearum grew best at 20°C. Both species produced more toxins at 20°C than at 30°C. To explain the interspecific differences in the relationship of growth and temperature, RNA-seq was used to compare F. verticillioides and F. graminearum cultivated for 4 d at the optimum temperatures of 30°C and 20°C, respectively. Samples of F. verticillioides were also cultivated for 9 d (to maximize toxin production) at 20°C and 30°C and analyzed by RNA-seq to investigate the influence of temperature for different growth stages. The differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparison of cultures grown for the same amount of time but at different temperatures. GO enrichment analysis showed high enrichment of DEGs in categories of membrane part, catalytic activity, metabolic process, and growth at warmer temperature resulted in more down-regulated DEGs enriched in membrane components in all groups. KEGG analysis revealed enrichment of DEGs related to different temperatures in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism pathways. For both species, there was decreased expression of many DEGs related to amino acid metabolism when cultivated at warm temperature, such as genes related to beta-alanine metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism. However, changes in genes related to glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and fatty acid degradation were more related to the growth state. The results showing different responses pattern of these pathways provides a foundation for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying distinct thermal ecological niches of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum.
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Shang G, Li S, Yu H, Yang J, Li S, Yu Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Zeng Z, Zhang J, Hu Z. An Efficient Strategy Combining Immunoassays and Molecular Identification for the Investigation of Fusarium Infections in Ear Rot of Maize in Guizhou Province, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:849698. [PMID: 35369506 PMCID: PMC8964309 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.849698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium is one of the most important phytopathogenic and mycotoxigenic fungi that caused huge losses worldwide due to the decline of crop yield and quality. To systematically investigate the infections of Fusarium species in ear rot of maize in the Guizhou Province of China and analyze its population structure, 175 samples of rotted maize ears from 76 counties were tested by combining immunoassays and molecular identification. Immunoassay based on single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) fusion protein was first employed to analyze these samples. Fusarium pathogens were isolated and purified from Fusarium-infected samples. Molecular identification was performed using the partial internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1α (TEF-1α) sequences. Specific primers were used to detect toxigenic chemotypes, and verification was performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). One-hundred and sixty three samples were characterized to be positive, and the infection rate was 93.14%. Sixteen species of Fusarium belonging to six species complexes were detected and Fusarium meridionale belonging to the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) was the dominant species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification illustrated that 69 isolates (56.10%) were potential mycotoxin-producing Fusarium pathogens. The key synthetic genes of NIV, NIV + ZEN, DON + ZEN, and FBs were detected in 3, 35, 7, and 24 isolates, respectively. A total of 86.11% of F. meridionale isolates carried both NIV- and ZEN-specific segments, while Fusarium verticillioides isolates mainly represented FBs chemotype. All the isolates carrying DON-producing fragments were FGSC. These results showed that there are different degrees of Fusarium infections in Guizhou Province and their species and toxigenic genotypes display regional distribution patterns. Therefore, scFv-AP fusion-based immunoassays could be conducted to efficiently investigate Fusarium infections and more attention and measures should be taken for mycotoxin contamination in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shimei Li
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanqin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianman Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Cellular Immunotherapy Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Wheat Anti-toxin Breeding Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Cellular Immunotherapy Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Munkvold GP, Proctor RH, Moretti A. Mycotoxin Production in Fusarium According to Contemporary Species Concepts. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 59:373-402. [PMID: 34077240 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-020620-102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium is one of the most important genera of plant-pathogenic fungi in the world and arguably the world's most important mycotoxin-producing genus. Fusarium species produce a staggering array of toxic metabolites that contribute to plant disease and mycotoxicoses in humans and other animals. A thorough understanding of the mycotoxin potential of individual species is crucial for assessing the toxicological risks associated with Fusarium diseases. There are thousands of reports of mycotoxin production by various species, and there have been numerous attempts to summarize them. These efforts have been complicated by competing classification systems based on morphology, sexual compatibility, and phylogenetic relationships. The current depth of knowledge of Fusarium genomes and mycotoxin biosynthetic pathways provides insights into how mycotoxin production is distributedamong species and multispecies lineages (species complexes) in the genus as well as opportunities to clarify and predict mycotoxin risks connected with known and newly described species. Here, we summarize mycotoxin production in the genus Fusarium and how mycotoxin risk aligns with current phylogenetic species concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Munkvold
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Seed Science Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA;
| | - Robert H Proctor
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA;
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), 70126 Bari, Italy;
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Wu Y, Zhou Z, Dong C, Chen J, Ding J, Zhang X, Mu C, Chen Y, Li X, Li H, Han Y, Wang R, Sun X, Li J, Dai X, Song W, Chen W, Wu J. Linkage mapping and genome-wide association study reveals conservative QTL and candidate genes for Fusarium rot resistance in maize. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:357. [PMID: 32398006 PMCID: PMC7218626 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease of maize that reduces grain yield and quality globally. However, there have been few reports of major loci for FER were verified and cloned. RESULT To gain a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in FER resistance, a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population and one panel of inbred lines were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. As a result, a total of 10 QTL were identified by linkage mapping under four environments, which were located on six chromosomes and explained 1.0-7.1% of the phenotypic variation. Epistatic mapping detected four pairs of QTL that showed significant epistasis effects, explaining 2.1-3.0% of the phenotypic variation. Additionally, 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified across the whole genome by genome-wide association study (GWAS) under five environments. Compared linkage and association mapping revealed five common intervals located on chromosomes 3, 4, and 5 associated with FER resistance, four of which were verified in different near-isogenic lines (NILs) populations. GWAS identified three candidate genes in these consistent intervals, which belonged to the Glutaredoxin protein family, actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs), and AMP-binding proteins. In addition, two verified FER QTL regions were found consistent with Fusarium cob rot (FCR) and Fusarium seed rot (FSR). CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that multi pathways were involved in FER resistance, which was a complex trait that was controlled by multiple genes with minor effects, and provided important QTL and genes, which could be used in molecular breeding for resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiafa Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Cong Mu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuna Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanan Han
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Weibin Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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6
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Tran TV, Do BN, Nguyen TPT, Tran TT, Tran SC, Nguyen BV, Nguyen CV, Le HQ. Development of an IgY-based lateral flow immunoassay for detection of fumonisin B in maize. F1000Res 2019; 8:1042. [PMID: 31956398 PMCID: PMC6950345 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19643.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in maize, causing substantial economic losses and potential health risks in human and animals. In the present study, in-house polyclonal IgY antibody against fumonisin group B (FB) was applied for the development of a competitive lateral flow immunoassay detecting these mycotoxins in maize grains with the limit of detection of 4000 µg/kg, which corresponds to the maximum residue limit adopted by The International Codex Alimentarius Commission. To this end, factors affecting the test performance including nitrocellulose membrane type, dilution factor of maize homogenates in running buffer, amount of detection conjugate, and incubation time between detection conjugate and samples were optimized. Under the optimal condition (UniSart ®CN140 nitrocellulose membrane, FB 1-BSA immobilized at 1 µg/cm, 1:10 dilution factor, 436 ng of gold nanoparticle conjugate, 30 minutes of incubation), the developed test could detect both FB 1 and FB 2 in maize with limit of detection of 4000 µg/kg, and showed no cross-reactivity to deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone. When applied to detect FB 1 and FB 2 in naturally contaminated maize samples, results obtained from the developed assay were in good agreement with those from the high-performance liquid chromatography method. This lateral flow immunoassay is particularly suitable for screening of fumonisins in maize because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien Viet Tran
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Nhu Do
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thao Phuong Thi Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tung Thanh Tran
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Son Cao Tran
- Laboratory of Food Toxicology and Allergens Testing, National Institute for Food Control, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ba Van Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoa Quang Le
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
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Tran TV, Do BN, Nguyen TPT, Tran TT, Tran SC, Nguyen BV, Nguyen CV, Le HQ. Development of an IgY-based lateral flow immunoassay for detection of fumonisin B in maize. F1000Res 2019; 8:1042. [PMID: 31956398 PMCID: PMC6950345 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19643.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in maize, causing substantial economic losses and potential health risks in human and animals. In the present study, in-house polyclonal IgY antibody against fumonisin group B (FB) was applied for the development of a competitive lateral flow immunoassay detecting these mycotoxins in maize grains with the limit of detection of 4000 µg/kg, which corresponds to the maximum residue limit adopted by The International Codex Alimentarius Commission. To this end, factors affecting the test performance including nitrocellulose membrane type, dilution factor of maize homogenates in running buffer, amount of detection conjugate, and incubation time between detection conjugate and samples were optimized. Under the optimal condition (UniSart ®CN140 nitrocellulose membrane, FB 1-BSA immobilized at 1 µg/cm, 1:10 dilution factor, 436 ng of gold nanoparticle conjugate, 30 minutes of incubation), the developed test could detect both FB 1 and FB 2 in maize with limit of detection of 4000 µg/kg, and showed no cross-reactivity to deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone. When applied to detect FB 1 and FB 2 in naturally contaminated maize samples, results obtained from the developed assay were in good agreement with those from the high-performance liquid chromatography method. This lateral flow immunoassay is particularly suitable for screening of fumonisins in maize because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien Viet Tran
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Nhu Do
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thao Phuong Thi Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tung Thanh Tran
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Son Cao Tran
- Laboratory of Food Toxicology and Allergens Testing, National Institute for Food Control, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ba Van Nguyen
- Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoa Quang Le
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
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Li L, Qu Q, Cao Z, Guo Z, Jia H, Liu N, Wang Y, Dong J. The Relationship Analysis on Corn Stalk Rot and Ear Rot According to Fusarium Species and Fumonisin Contamination in Kernels. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11060320. [PMID: 31195636 PMCID: PMC6628441 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium diseases, including corn root rot, sheath rot, stalk rot, and ear rot are frequently occurring in maize producing areas of China. Fusarium stalk rot and ear rot are the most serious diseases and often occur at the same time, but it is unclear whether there is a correlation between Fusarium composition and disease occurrence. This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between the two diseases. A total of 49 corn stalk rot samples were collected from 15 regions of eight provinces in China from 2016 to 2018. The pathogens were isolated and identified separately from stalks, ear stems, and kernels. The contents of the fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) were detected in kernels. The results showed that the main Fusarium species were found in corn kernels, ear stems and stalks at the same time. The results showed that 1201 strains of Fusarium verticillioides, 668 strains of Fusarium oxysporum, 574 strains of Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), 318 strains of Fusarium equiseti, 95 strains of Fusarium proliferatum, and 40 strains of Fusarium subglutinans were isolated from 1470 corn kernels, 245 ear stems, and 1225 stalks randomly selected from 49 samples. The contamination rate of fumonisins in the 49 samples was 57.1% with an average content of 1.9 μg/g, of which four samples exhibited higher levels as set by the European Commission (4.0 μg/g). These results provide a certain association between stalk rot and ear rot and lay a foundation to study the relationships among Fusarium maize diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Qing Qu
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Zhiyan Cao
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Zhengyu Guo
- Maize Research Institute to Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinzhou 034000, China.
| | - Hui Jia
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Jingao Dong
- Plant Pathogenic Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory of Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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9
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Wu Q, Patocka J, Kuca K. Beauvericin, A Fusarium Mycotoxin: Anticancer Activity, Mechanisms, and Human Exposure Risk Assessment. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:206-214. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180928161808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Beauvericin (BEA) is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide, which derives from Cordyceps cicadae. It is also produced by Fusarium species, which are parasitic to maize, wheat, rice and other important commodities. BEA increases ion permeability in biological membranes by forming a complex with essential cations, which may affect ionic homeostasis. Its ion-complexing capability allows BEA to transport alkaline earth metal and alkali metal ions across cell membranes. Importantly, increasing lines of evidence show that BEA has an anticancer effect and can be potentially used in cancer therapeutics. Normally, BEA performs the anticancer effect due to the induced cancer cell apoptosis via a reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. Moreover, BEA increases the intracellular Ca2+ levels and subsequently regulates the activity of a series of signalling pathways including MAPK, JAK/STAT, and NF-κB, and finally causes cancer cell apoptosis. In vivo studies further show that BEA reduces tumour volumes and weights. BEA especially targets differentiated and invasive cancer types. Currently, the anticancer activity of BEA is a hot topic; however, there is no review article to discuss the anticancer activity of BEA. Therefore, in this review, we have mainly summarized the anticancer activity of BEA and thoroughly discussed its underlying mechanisms. In addition, the human exposure risk assessment of BEA is also discussed. We hope that this review will provide further information for understanding the anticancer mechanisms of BEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Jiri Patocka
- Institute of Radiology, Toxicology and Civil Protection, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Zhou D, Wang X, Chen G, Sun S, Yang Y, Zhu Z, Duan C. The Major Fusarium Species Causing Maize Ear and Kernel Rot and Their Toxigenicity in Chongqing, China. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E90. [PMID: 29470401 PMCID: PMC5848190 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and F. meridionale were identified as the predominant fungi among 116 Fusarium isolates causing maize ear and kernel rot, a destructive disease in Chongqing areas, China. The toxigenic capability and genotype were determined by molecular amplification and toxin assay. The results showed that the key toxigenic gene FUM1 was detected in 47 F. verticillioides and 19 F. proliferatum isolates. Among these, F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolates mainly produced fumonisin B₁, ranging from 3.17 to 1566.44, and 97.74 to 11,100.99 µg/g for each gram of dry hyphal weight, with the averages of 263.94 and 3632.88 µg/g, respectively, indicating the F. proliferatum isolates on average produced about an order of magnitude more fumonisins than F. verticillioides did in these areas, in vitro. Only NIV genotype was detected among 16 F. meridionale and three F. asiaticum isolates. Among these, 11 F. meridionale isolates produced NIV, varying from 17.40 to 2597.34 µg/g. ZEA and DON toxins were detected in 11 and 4 F. meridionale isolates, with the toxin production range of 8.35-78.57 and 3.38-33.41 µg/g, respectively. Three F. asiaticum isolates produced almost no mycotoxins, except that one isolate produced a small amount of DON. The findings provide us with insight into the risk of the main pathogenic Fusarium species and a guide for resistance breeding in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Guokang Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Suli Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Canxing Duan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
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11
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Omori AM, Ono EYS, Bordini JG, Hirozawa MT, Fungaro MHP, Ono MA. Detection of Fusarium verticillioides by PCR-ELISA based on FUM21 gene. Food Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29526201 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is a primary corn pathogen and fumonisin producer which is associated with toxic effects in humans and animals. The traditional methods for detection of fungal contamination based on morphological characteristics are time-consuming and show low sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a PCR-ELISA based on the FUM21 gene for F. verticillioides detection. The DNA of the F. verticillioides, Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. isolates was analyzed by conventional PCR and PCR-ELISA to determine the specificity. The PCR-ELISA was specific to F. verticillioides isolates, showed a 2.5 pg detection limit and was 100-fold more sensitive than conventional PCR. In corn samples inoculated with F. verticillioides conidia, the detection limit of the PCR-ELISA was 1 × 104 conidia/g and was also 100-fold more sensitive than conventional PCR. Naturally contaminated corn samples were analyzed by PCR-ELISA based on the FUM21 gene and PCR-ELISA absorbance values correlated positively (p < 0.05) with Fusarium sp. counts (CFU/g). These results suggest that the PCR-ELISA developed in this study can be useful for F. verticillioides detection in corn samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Myuki Omori
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Gozzi Bordini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Melissa Tiemi Hirozawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center of Exact Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Augusto Ono
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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12
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Li Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Mao X, Liu H, Sun C, Liu Y, Gao Y, Zhang Z, An X. Immunity Theory-Based High-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Preparation and Application of Fumonisin B1. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Abstract
The genus Fusarium includes numerous toxigenic species that are pathogenic to plants or humans, and are able to colonize a wide range of environments on earth. The genus comprises around 70 well-known species, identified by using a polyphasic approach, and as many as 300 putative species, according to phylogenetic species concepts; many putative species do not yet have formal names. Fusarium is one of the most economically important fungal genera because of yield loss due to plant pathogenic activity; mycotoxin contamination of food and feed products which often render them unaccep for marketing; and health impacts to humans and livestock, due to consumption of mycotoxins. Among the most important mycotoxins produced by species of Fusarium are the trichothecenes and the fumonisins. Fumonisins cause fatal livestock diseases and are considered potentially carcinogenic mycotoxins for humans, while trichothecenes are potent inhibitors of protein synthesis. This chapter summarizes the main aspects of morphology, pathology, and toxigenicity of the main Fusarium species that colonize different agricultural crops and environments worldwide, and cause mycotoxin contamination of food and feed.
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Zhang H, Brankovics B, Luo W, Xu J, Xu J, Guo C, Guo J, Jin S, Chen W, Feng J, Van Diepeningen A, Van der Lee T, Waalwijk C. Crops are a main driver for species diversity and the toxigenic potential of Fusarium isolates in maize ears in China. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2015.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years increasing demands and the relatively low-care cultivation of the crop have resulted in an enormous expansion of the acreage of maize in China. However, particularly in China, Fusarium ear rot forms an important constraint to maize production. In this study, we showed that members of both the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) and the Fusarium graminearum species complex are the causal agents of Fusarium ear rot in the main maize producing areas in China. Fumonisin producing Fusarium verticillioides was the most prevalent species, followed by fumonisin producing Fusarium proliferatum and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol producing F. graminearum. Both Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium boothii were identified for the first time in the colder regions in China, extending their known habitats to colder environments. Mating type analysis of the different heterothallic FFSC species, showed that both types co-occur in each sampling site suggestive of the possibility of sexual recombination. Virulence tests with F. boothii (from maize) and F. graminearum from maize or wheat showed adaptation to the host. In addition, F. graminearum seems to outcompete F. boothii in wheat-maize rotations. Based on our findings and previous studies, we conclude that wheat/maize rotation selects for F. graminearum, while a wheat/rice rotation selects for F. asiaticum. In contrast, F. boothii is selected when maize is cultivated without rotation. A higher occurrence of F. temperatum is observed on maize in colder climatological regions in China, while Fusarium meridionale seems restricted to mountain areas. Each of these species has their characteristic mycotoxin profile and deoxynivalenol and fumonisin are the potential threats to maize production in Northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - B. Brankovics
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94216, 1090 GE Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W. Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - J. Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - J.S. Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - C. Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 730070 Lanzhou, China P.R
| | - J.G. Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 730070 Lanzhou, China P.R
| | - S.L. Jin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 730070 Lanzhou, China P.R
| | - W.Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - J. Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, 100193 Beijing, China P.R
| | - A.D. Van Diepeningen
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - T.A.J. Van der Lee
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Plant Research International, B.U. Biointeractions & Plant Health, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - C. Waalwijk
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Plant Research International, B.U. Biointeractions & Plant Health, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, the Netherlands
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15
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Duan C, Qin Z, Yang Z, Li W, Sun S, Zhu Z, Wang X. Identification of Pathogenic Fusarium spp. Causing Maize Ear Rot and Potential Mycotoxin Production in China. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:E186. [PMID: 27338476 PMCID: PMC4926152 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8060186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ear rot is a serious disease that affects maize yield and grain quality worldwide. The mycotoxins are often hazardous to humans and livestock. In samples collected in China between 2009 and 2014, Fusarium verticillioides and F. graminearum species complex were the dominant fungi causing ear rot. According to the TEF-1α gene sequence, F. graminearum species complex in China included three independent species: F. graminearum, F. meridionale, and F. boothii. The key gene FUM1 responsible for the biosynthesis of fumonisin was detected in all 82 F. verticillioides isolates. Among these, 57 isolates mainly produced fumonisin B₁, ranging from 2.52 to 18,416.44 µg/g for each gram of dry hyphal weight, in vitro. Three different toxigenic chemotypes were detected among 78 F. graminearum species complex: 15-ADON, NIV and 15-ADON+NIV. Sixty and 16 isolates represented the 15-ADON and NIV chemotypes, respectively; two isolates carried both 15-ADON and NIV-producing segments. All the isolates carrying NIV-specific segment were F. meridionale. The in vitro production of 15-ADON, 3-ADON, DON, and ZEN varied from 5.43 to 81,539.49; 6.04 to 19,590.61; 13.35 to 19,795.33; and 1.77 to 430.24 µg/g of dry hyphal weight, respectively. Altogether, our present data demonstrate potential main mycotoxin production of dominant pathogenic Fusarium in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxing Duan
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zihui Qin
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhihuan Yang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Weixi Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Suli Sun
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Cereal Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
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16
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Isolation and Identification of the Antimicrobial Agent Beauvericin from the Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum 5-19 with NMR and ESI-MS/MS. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1084670. [PMID: 27413733 PMCID: PMC4930801 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1084670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic microbe has been proved to be one of rich sources of bioactive natural products with potential application for new drug and pesticide discovery. One cyclodepsipeptide, beauvericin, was firstly isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusarium oxysporum 5-19 endophytic on Edgeworthia chrysantha Linn. Its chemical structure was unambiguously identified by a combination of spectroscopic methods, such as HRESI-MS and (1)H and (13)C NMR. ESI-MS/MS was successfully used to elucidate the splitting decomposition route of the positive molecule ion of beauvericin. Antimicrobial results showed that this cyclodepsipeptide had inhibitory effect on three human pathogenic microbes, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. In particular, beauvericin exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with MIC values of 3.91 μM, which had similar effect with that of the positive control amoxicillin.
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17
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Guo C, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Li R, Pang M, Liu Y, Dong J. Fusarium species identification and fumonisin production in maize kernels from Shandong Province, China, from 2012 to 2014. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 9:203-9. [PMID: 27076384 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1175515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 225 maize kernel samples were collected from Shandong Province in China from 2012 to 2014 and analysed for contamination with Fusarium spp. and fumonisins (FBs) using molecular methods and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The results showed that the average incidences of Fusarium spp. in 2012, 2013 and 2014 were 23.3%, 37.1% and 36.5%, respectively, Fusarium verticillioides being the predominant species. In 2012, the average contamination level of FBs was 3071 ng g(-1), which was higher than that in 2014 (2913 ng g(-1)) and 2013 (2072 ng g(-1)). Of all samples, 13% and 19% had FB contamination levels higher than 2000 and 4000 ng g(-1), which are the maximum limits as set by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States and the European Commission, respectively. Therefore, efforts should be taken to minimise the potential risk of FBs to the health of humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Guo
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.,b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Yanxing Liu
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.,b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Yan Jiang
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.,b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Renjie Li
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.,b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Minhao Pang
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- a College of Plant Protection , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China.,b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
| | - Jingao Dong
- b Laboratory of Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology , Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding , China
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Wang X, Wu Q, Wan D, Liu Q, Chen D, Liu Z, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Martínez MA, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fumonisins: oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:81-101. [PMID: 26419546 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisins (FBs) are widespread Fusarium toxins commonly found as corn contaminants. FBs could cause a variety of diseases in animals and humans, such as hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatocarcinogenic and cytotoxic effects in mammals. To date, almost no review has addressed the toxicity of FBs in relation to oxidative stress and their metabolism. The focus of this article is primarily intended to summarize the progress in research associated with oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for FB-induced toxicity as well as the metabolism. The present review showed that studies have been carried out over the last three decades to elucidate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress as a result of FBs treatment and have correlated them with various types of FBs toxicity, indicating that oxidative stress plays critical roles in the toxicity of FBs. The major metabolic pathways of FBs are hydrolysis, acylation and transamination. Ceramide synthase, carboxylesterase FumD and aminotransferase FumI could degrade FB1 and FB2. The cecal microbiota of pigs and alkaline processing such as nixtamalization can also transform FB1 into metabolites. Most of the metabolites of FB1 were less toxic than FB1, except its partial (pHFB1) metabolites. Further understanding of the role of oxidative stress in FB-induced toxicity will throw new light on the use of antioxidants, scavengers of ROS, as well as on the blind spots of metabolism and the metabolizing enzymes of FBs. The present review might contribute to reveal the toxicity of FBs and help to protect against their oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Wan
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - María Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Aránzazu Martínez
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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19
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Santiago R, Cao A, Butrón A. Genetic Factors Involved in Fumonisin Accumulation in Maize Kernels and Their Implications in Maize Agronomic Management and Breeding. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:3267-96. [PMID: 26308050 PMCID: PMC4549750 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7083267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of maize with fumonisins depends on the environmental conditions; the maize resistance to contamination and the interaction between both factors. Although the effect of environmental factors is a determinant for establishing the risk of kernel contamination in a region, there is sufficient genetic variability among maize to develop resistance to fumonisin contamination and to breed varieties with contamination at safe levels. In addition, ascertaining which environmental factors are the most important in a region will allow the implementation of risk monitoring programs and suitable cultural practices to reduce the impact of such environmental variables. The current paper reviews all works done to address the influence of environmental variables on fumonisin accumulation, the genetics of maize resistance to fumonisin accumulation, and the search for the biochemical and/or structural mechanisms of the maize plant that could be involved in resistance to fumonisin contamination. We also explore the outcomes of breeding programs and risk monitoring of undertaken projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Santiago
- Facultad de Biología, Dpt Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain.
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Pontevedra 36143, Spain.
| | - Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, Pontevedra 36080, Spain.
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Box 28, Pontevedra 36080, Spain.
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20
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Li F, Jiang D, Zheng F, Chen J, Li W. Fumonisins B1, B2and B3in corn products, wheat flour and corn oil marketed in Shandong province of China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2015; 8:169-74. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2015.1028480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Xiao C, Yang L, Zhang L, Liu C, Han M. Effects of cultivation ages and modes on microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Panax ginseng. J Ginseng Res 2015; 40:28-37. [PMID: 26843819 PMCID: PMC4703740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng cannot be cultivated on the same land consecutively for an extended period, and the underlying mechanism regarding microorganisms is still being explored. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and BIOLOG methods were used to evaluate the microbial genetic and functional diversity associated with the P. ginseng rhizosphere soil in various cultivation ages and modes. RESULTS The analysis of microbial diversity using PCR-DGGE showed that microbial communities were significantly variable in composition, of which six bacterial phyla and seven fungal classes were detected in P. ginseng soil. Among them, Proteobacteria and Hypocreales dominated. Fusarium oxysporum, a soilborne pathogen, was found in all P. ginseng soil samples except R0. The results from functional diversity suggested that the microbial metabolic diversity of fallow soil abandoned in 2003 was the maximum and transplanted soil was higher than direct-seeding soil and the forest soil uncultivated P. ginseng, whereas the increase in cultivation ages in the same mode led to decreases in microbial diversity in P. ginseng soil. Carbohydrates, amino acids, and polymers were the main carbon sources utilized. Furthermore, the microbial diversity index and multivariate comparisons indicated that the augmentation of P. ginseng cultivation ages resulted in decreased bacterial diversity and increased fungal diversity, whereas microbial diversity was improved strikingly in transplanted soil and fallow soil abandoned for at least one decade. CONCLUSION The key factors for discontinuous P. ginseng cultivation were the lack of balance in rhizosphere microbial communities and the outbreak of soilborne diseases caused by the accumulation of its root exudates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Xiao
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Limin Yang
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianxue Zhang
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuijing Liu
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Han
- Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management of Jilin Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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