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Yao J, Geng X, Zheng H, Wang Z, Zhang C, Li J, Maimaiti Z, Qin Y. Study on the inhibitory mechanism of fig leaf extract against postharvest Fusarium in melon. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17654. [PMID: 39071129 PMCID: PMC11283778 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the fungistatic mechanism of fig leaf extract against Fusarium and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new plant-derived fungicides. Methods The fungistaticity of fig leaf extract were analyzed by the ring of inhibition method. Fusarium equiseti was selected as the target for analyzing its fungistatic mechanism in terms of mycelial morphology, ultrastructure, cell membrane permeability, membrane plasma peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and changes in the activity of protective enzymes. The effect of this extract was verified in melon, and its components were determined by metabolite analysis using ultraperformance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS). Results Fig leaf extract had an obvious inhibitory effect on Fusarium, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05) or highly significant (P < 0.01). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that F. equiseti hyphae exhibited obvious folding, twisting and puckering phenomena, resulting in an increase in the cytoplasmic leakage of spores, interstitial plasma, and the concentration of the nucleus, which seriously damaged the integrity of the fungal cell membrane. This phenomenon was confirmed by propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescein diacetate (FAD) staining, cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Fig leaf extract also induced the mycelium to produce excessive H2O2,which led to lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane, promoted the accumulation of MDA, accelerated protein hydrolysis, induced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, and disrupted the balance of ROS metabolism; these findings showed that fungal growth was inhibited, which was verified in melons. A total of 1,540 secondary metabolites were detected by broad-targeted metabolomics, among which the fungistatic active substances flavonoids (15.45%), phenolic acids (15%), and alkaloids (10.71%) accounted for a high percentage and the highest relative content of these substances 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-2- prenylxanthone, 8-hydroxyquinoline and Azelaic acid were analysed for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, preventive effects against plant diseases and acquisition of resistance by plants. This confirms the reason for the fungicidal properties of fig leaf extracts. Conclusion Fig leaf extract has the potential to be developed into a plant-derived fungicide as a new means of postharvest pathogen prevention and control in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Xinli Geng
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Heyun Zheng
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Cuihuan Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Zaituna Maimaiti
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Grapevine and Melon Fruit Research Institute, Xinjiang, Shanshan, China
| | - Yong Qin
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
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Takallu S, Mirzaei E, Zakeri Bazmandeh A, Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo HR, Khorshidi H. Addressing Antimicrobial Properties in Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration Membrane: Enhancing Effectiveness in Periodontitis Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:779-807. [PMID: 38300991 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are the two surgical techniques generally used for periodontitis disease treatment. These techniques are based on a barrier membrane to direct the growth of new bone and gingival tissue at sites with insufficient volumes or dimensions of bone or gingiva for proper function, esthetics, or prosthetic restoration. Numerous studies have highlighted biocompatibility, space-creation, cell-blocking, bioactivity, and proper handling as essential characteristics of a membrane's performance. Given that bacterial infection is the primary cause of periodontitis, we strongly believe that addressing the antimicrobial properties of these membranes is of utmost importance. Indeed, the absence of effective inhibition of periodontal pathogens has been recognized as a primary factor contributing to the failure of GTR/GBR membranes. Therefore, we suggest considering antimicrobial properties as one of the key factors in the design of GTR/GBR membranes. Antibiotics are potent medications frequently administered systemically to combat microbes and mitigate bacterial infections. Nevertheless, the excessive use of antibiotics has resulted in a surge in bacterial resistance. To overcome this challenge, alternative antibacterial substances have been developed. In this review, we explore the utilization of alternative substances with antimicrobial properties for topical application in membranes. The use of antibacterial nanoparticles, phytochemical compounds, and antimicrobial peptides in this context was investigated. By carefully selecting and integrating antimicrobial agents into GTR/GBR membranes, we can significantly enhance their effectiveness in combating periodontitis. These antibacterial substances not only act as barriers against pathogenic bacteria but also promote the process of periodontal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Takallu
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Abbas Zakeri Bazmandeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7461686688, Iran
- Student Research Center committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7461686688, Iran
| | - Hooman Khorshidi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7195615878, Iran
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Almeida NA, Freire L, Carnielli-Queiroz L, Bragotto APA, Silva NCC, Rocha LO. Essential oils: An eco-friendly alternative for controlling toxigenic fungi in cereal grains. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13251. [PMID: 38284600 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Fungi are widely disseminated in the environment and are major food contaminants, colonizing plant tissues throughout the production chain, from preharvest to postharvest, causing diseases. As a result, grain development and seed germination are affected, reducing grain quality and nutritional value. Some fungal species can also produce mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites for vertebrate animals. Natural compounds, such as essential oils, have been used to control fungal diseases in cereal grains due to their antimicrobial activity that may inhibit fungal growth. These compounds have been associated with reduced mycotoxin contamination, primarily related to reducing toxin production by toxigenic fungi. However, little is known about the mechanisms of action of these compounds against mycotoxigenic fungi. In this review, we address important information on the mechanisms of action of essential oils and their antifungal and antimycotoxigenic properties, recent technological strategies for food industry applications, and the potential toxicity of essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naara A Almeida
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luísa Freire
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lorena Carnielli-Queiroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória-Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Adriana P A Bragotto
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nathália C C Silva
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Liliana O Rocha
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Uwineza PA, Urbaniak M, Stępień Ł, Gramza-Michałowska A, Waśkiewicz A. Lamium album Flower Extracts: A Novel Approach for Controlling Fusarium Growth and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:651. [PMID: 37999514 PMCID: PMC10675686 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15110651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamium album is a medicinal flowering plant that is rich in bioactive compounds with various biological properties. Fusarium species, known for causing significant crop losses and mycotoxin contamination, pose threats to food safety and human health. While synthetic fungicides are commonly employed for fungal management, their environmental impact prompts the ongoing development of alternative methods. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L. album flower extracts in inhibiting the in vitro growth and biosynthesis of mycotoxins by Fusarium culmorum and F. proliferatum strains. The extracts were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction using CO2 (SC-CO2). The effects of various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) were assessed on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium using the "poisoning" technique. L. album flower extracts reduced mycelium growth by 0 to 30.59% for F. culmorum and 27.71 to 42.97% for F. proliferatum. Ergosterol content was reduced by up to 88.87% for F. culmorum and 93.17% for F. proliferatum. Similarly, the amounts of synthesized mycotoxins produced by both strains were also lower compared to control cultures. These findings are a preliminary phase for further in vivo tests planned to determine the fungistatic effect of L. album flower extracts on cereal substrates as seedlings incubated in controlled environments and under field conditions. Their phytotoxicity and biological stability, as well as the possibility of formulating a bio-preparation to protect cereals against Fusarium infections, will be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascaline Aimee Uwineza
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance Department, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.U.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance Department, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.U.); (Ł.S.)
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
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5
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Feng J, Yanshao B, Wang H, Zhang X, Wang F. Recent advancements on use of essential oils as preservatives against fungi and mycotoxins spoiling food grains. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1242-1263. [PMID: 37549249 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2240894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Spoilage of grains by mycotoxigenic fungi poses a great threat to food security and human health. Conventionally used chemical agents to prevent grain fungi contamination cause increasingly significant problems such as microbial resistance, residual toxicity and environmental unfriendliness. In recent years, plant essential oils (EOs) have become a hot spot in the research of control of grain fungi and mycotoxins, due to their extensive sources, non-toxicity, environmental friendliness and good antifungal efficiency. The current review aims to provide an overview of the prevention of fungi and mycotoxins in grain through EOs. The antifungal and toxin inhibition efficiency of different EOs and their effective components are investigated. The inhibition mechanism of EOs on fungi and mycotoxins in grains is introduced. The influence of EOs treatment on the change of grain quality is also discussed. In addition, the formulations and techniques used to overcome the disadvantages of EOs application are introduced. The results of recent studies have confirmed that EOs provide great potential for controlling common fungi and mycotoxins in grains, and enhancing quantity and quality safety of grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachang Feng
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bowen Yanshao
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
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Jian Y, Chen X, Ma H, Zhang C, Luo Y, Jiang J, Yin Y. Limonene formulation exhibited potential application in the control of mycelial growth and deoxynivalenol production in Fusarium graminearum. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1161244. [PMID: 37125209 PMCID: PMC10131186 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing grain from fungi and subsequent mycotoxins contamination has attracted notable attention. Present study demonstrated the limonene-formulated product Wetcit®, might be a biocontrol agent and potential alternative to synthetic fungicides to control Fusarium graminearum growth and deoxynivalenol (DON) production. The limonene formulation exhibited antifungal activity against F. graminearum with the EC50 at 1.40 μl/ml, electron microscopy and staining analysis showed limonene formulation could significantly decrease the quantity, length and septa of conidia, caused hyphal break and shrink, damaged the structures of cell membrane, cell wall, vacuoles and organelles in the hypha. Further study revealed the antifungal and antitoxic mechanism of limonene formulation against F. graminearum, limonene formulation significantly inhibited the toxisome and DON formation, was associated with the down-regulation of trichothecenes biosynthesis genes expression and many energy metabolism pathways as well as the inhibition of lipid droplets, the disturbed energy homeostasis and intracellular structures might ultimately inhibit fungal growth and DON production. In addition, limonene formulation enhanced the antifungal activity of triazole fungicides tebuconazole and mefentrifluconazole against F. graminearum, indicated limonene formulation has valuable potential as a bio-alternative fungicide and eco-friendly compound preparation for the effective management of F. graminearum and DON contamination in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiqin Ma
- Oro Agri International Ltd, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Changpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqin Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhua Jiang, ; Yanni Yin,
| | - Yanni Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhua Jiang, ; Yanni Yin,
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Romoli JCZ, Silva MV, Pante GC, Hoeltgebaum D, Castro JC, Oliveira da Rocha GH, Capoci IRG, Nerilo SB, Mossini SAG, Micotti da Gloria E, Svidzinski TIE, Graton Mikcha JM, Machinski M. Anti-mycotoxigenic and antifungal activity of ginger, turmeric, thyme and rosemary essential oils in deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) producing Fusarium graminearum. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:362-372. [PMID: 34854801 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1996636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antimycotoxigenic effect of essential oils (EOs) obtained from four different aromatic plants on the production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) by Fusarium graminearum. The EOs from ginger (GEO), turmeric (TEO), thyme (ThEO) and rosemary (REO) were obtained by hydrodistillation and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major compounds found were mostly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) were 11.25, 364, 366 and 11,580 µg mL-1 for ThEO, GEO, REO and TEO, respectively. The results evidenced that the assessed EOs inhibited DON and partially ZEA production by F. graminearum. ThEO and GEO were the EOs with most potent antimycotoxigenic action for DON and ZEA, respectively. These EOs have shown promising results in vitro regarding inhibition of mycotoxin production and might be used in the future as substitutes for synthetic fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milena Veronezi Silva
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | - Giseli Cristina Pante
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | - Danielle Hoeltgebaum
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina Castro
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Oliveira da Rocha
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isis Regina Grenier Capoci
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Micotti da Gloria
- Departament of Agri-Food, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Jane Martha Graton Mikcha
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Laboratory of Medical Mycology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
| | - Miguel Machinski
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Brazil
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Chang Y, Harmon PF, Treadwell DD, Carrillo D, Sarkhosh A, Brecht JK. Biocontrol Potential of Essential Oils in Organic Horticulture Systems: From Farm to Fork. Front Nutr 2022; 8:805138. [PMID: 35096947 PMCID: PMC8792766 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.805138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to food safety and organic horticulture. Thus, people are looking for natural products to manage plant diseases, pests, and weeds. Essential oils (EOs) or EO-based products are potentially promising candidates for biocontrol agents due to their safe, bioactive, biodegradable, ecologically, and economically viable properties. Born of necessity or commercial interest to satisfy market demand for natural products, this emerging technology is highly anticipated, but its application has been limited without the benefit of a thorough analysis of the scientific evidence on efficacy, scope, and mechanism of action. This review covers the uses of EOs as broad-spectrum biocontrol agents in both preharvest and postharvest systems. The known functions of EOs in suppressing fungi, bacteria, viruses, pests, and weeds are briefly summarized. Related results and possible modes of action from recent research are listed. The weaknesses of applying EOs are also discussed, such as high volatility and low stability, low water solubility, strong influence on organoleptic properties, and phytotoxic effects. Therefore, EO formulations and methods of incorporation to enhance the strengths and compensate for the shortages are outlined. This review also concludes with research directions needed to better understand and fully evaluate EOs and provides an outlook on the prospects for future applications of EOs in organic horticulture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Chang
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Philip F. Harmon
- Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Danielle D. Treadwell
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniel Carrillo
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, United States
| | - Ali Sarkhosh
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jeffrey K. Brecht
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Tiwari S, Upadhyay N, Singh BK, Singh VK, Dubey NK. Facile Fabrication of Nanoformulated Cinnamomum glaucescens Essential Oil as a Novel Green Strategy to Boost Potency Against Food Borne Fungi, Aflatoxin Synthesis, and Lipid Oxidation. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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The Concentration-Dependent Effects of Essential Oils on the Growth of Fusarium graminearum and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Wheat and Maize Grain. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The presence of Fusarium fungi and their toxic metabolites in agricultural crops contributes to significant quantitative and qualitative losses of crops, causing a direct threat to human and animal health and life. Modern strategies for reducing the level of fungi and mycotoxins in the food chain tend to rely on natural methods, including plant substances. Essential oils (EOs), due to their complex chemical composition, show high biological activity, including fungistatic properties, which means that they exhibit high potential as a biological plant protection factor. The aim of this study was to determine the fungistatic activity of three EOs against F. graminearum, and the reduction of mycotoxin biosynthesis in corn and wheat grain. All tested EOs effectively suppressed the growth of F. graminearum in concentrations of 5% and 10%. Cinnamon and verbena EOs also effectively reduced the ergosterol (ERG) content in both grains at the concentration of 1%, while at the 0.1% EO concentration, the reduction in the ERG amount depended on the EO type as well as on the grain. The degree of zearalenone (ZEA) reduction was consistent with the inhibition of ERG biosynthesis, while the reduction in deoxynivalenol (DON) was not consistent with this parameter.
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11
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Effectiveness of the Influence of Selected Essential Oils on the Growth of Parasitic Fusarium Isolated from Wheat Kernels from Central Europe. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216488. [PMID: 34770893 PMCID: PMC8588391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of selected seven commercial essential oils (EsO) (grapefruit, lemongrass, tea tree (TTO), thyme, verbena, cajeput, and Litsea cubeba) on isolates of common Central European parasitic fungal species of Fusarium obtained from infected wheat kernels, and to evaluate the oils as potential natural fungicides. The study was conducted in 2 stages. At each stage, the fungicidal activity of EsO (with concentrations of 0.025; 0.05; 0.125; 0.25; 0.50; 1.0, and 2.0%) against Fusarium spp. was evaluated using the disc plate method and zones of growth inhibition were measured. At the first stage, the fungistatic activity of EsO was evaluated against four species of Fusarium from the Polish population (F. avenaceum FAPL, F. culmorum FCPL, F. graminearum FGPL and F. oxysporum FOPL). The correlation coefficient between the mycelial growth rate index (T) and the fungistatic activity (FA) was calculated. At the second stage, on the basis of the mycelium growth rate index, the effectiveness of the EsO in limiting the development of Fusarium isolates from the German population (F. culmorum FC1D, F. culmorum FC2D, F. graminearum FG1D, F. graminearum FG2D and F. poae FP0D) was assessed. The first and second stage results presented as a growth rate index were then used to indicate essential oils (as potential natural fungicides) effectively limiting the development of various common Central European parasitic species Fusarium spp. Finally, the sensitivity of four Fusarium isolates from the Polish population and five Fusarium isolates from the German population was compared. The data were compiled in STATISTICA 13.0 (StatSoft, Inc, CA, USA) at the significance level of 0.05. Fusarium isolates from the German population were generally more sensitive than those from the Polish population. The sensitivity of individual Fusarium species varied. Their vulnerability, regardless of the isolate origin, in order from the most to the least sensitive, is as follows: F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae, F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum. The strongest fungicidal activity, similar to Funaben T, showed thyme oil (regardless of the concentration). Performance of citral oils (lemongrass and Litsea cubeba) was similar but at a concentration above 0.025%.
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Singh BK, Tiwari S, Dubey NK. Essential oils and their nanoformulations as green preservatives to boost food safety against mycotoxin contamination of food commodities: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:4879-4890. [PMID: 33852733 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest food spoilage due to fungal and mycotoxin contamination is a major challenge in tropical countries, leading to severe adverse effects on human health. Because of the negative effects of synthetic preservatives on both human health and the environment, it has been recommended that chemicals that have a botanical origin, with an eco-friendly nature and a favorable safety profile, should be used as green preservatives. Recently, the food industry and consumers have been shifting drastically towards green consumerism because of their increased concerns about health and the environment. Among different plant-based products, essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive components are strongly preferred as antimicrobial food preservatives. Despite having potent antimicrobial efficacy and preservation potential against fungal and mycotoxin contamination, essential oils and their bioactive components have limited practical applicability caused by their high volatility and their instability, implying the development of techniques to overcome the challenges associated with EO application. Essential oils and their bioactive components are promising alternatives to synthetic preservatives. To overcome challenges associated with EOs, nanotechnology has emerged as a novel technology in the food industries. Nanoencapsulation may boost the preservative potential of different essential oils by improving their solubility, stability, and targeted sustainable release. Nanoencapsulation of EOs is therefore currently being practiced to improve the stability and bioactivity of natural products. The present review has dealt extensively with the application of EOs and their nanoformulated products encapsulated in suitable polymeric matrices, so as to recommend them as novel green preservatives against foodborne molds and mycotoxin-induced deterioration of stored food commodities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijendra Kumar Singh
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shikha Tiwari
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nawal Kishore Dubey
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Competency of Clove and Cinnamon Essential Oil Fumigation against Toxigenic and Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Isolates. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.3.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is a frequent contaminant of maize grain. We isolated this fungus, determined the colony morphology and species (by internal transcribed spacer sequencing) and measured the aflatoxin content. The selected A. flavus fungi were placed into two groups, toxigenic and atoxigenic; both appeared similar morphologically, except that the atoxigenic group lacked sclerotia. An essential oil fumigation test with clove and cinnamon oils as antifungal products was performed on fungal conidial discs and fungal colonies in Petri plates. Cinnamon oil at 2.5 to 5.0 μL/plate markedly inhibited the mycelial growth from conidial discs of both strains, whereas clove oil showed less activity. The oils had different effects on fungal mycelia. The higher clove fumigation doses of 10.0 to 20.0 μL/plate controlled fungal growth, while cinnamon oil caused less inhibition. Compared with atoxigenic groups, toxigenic A. flavus responded stably. Within abnormal A. flavus hyphae, the essential oils degenerated the hyphal morphology, resulting in exfoliated flakes and shrinkage, which were related to fungal membrane injury and collapse of vacuoles and phialide. The treatments, especially those with cinnamon oil, increased the electroconductivity, which suggested a weak mycelium membrane structure. Moreover, the treatments with essential oils reduced the ergosterol content in mycelia and the aflatoxin accumulation in the culture broth. The fumigations with clove and cinnamon oils inhibited the development of both conidia and colonies of A. flavus in dose-dependent manners.
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Moumni M, Allagui MB, Mezrioui K, Ben Amara H, Romanazzi G. Evaluation of Seven Essential Oils as Seed Treatments against Seedborne Fungal Pathogens of Cucurbita maxima. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082354. [PMID: 33919567 PMCID: PMC8073776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are gaining interest as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic fungicides for management of seedborne pathogens. Here, seven essential oils were initially tested in vivo for disinfection of squash seeds (Cucurbita maxima) naturally contaminated by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium fujikuro, Fusarium solani, Paramyrothecium roridum, Albifimbria verrucaria, Curvularia spicifera, and Rhizopus stolonifer. The seeds were treated with essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus, Lavandula dentata, Lavandula hybrida, Melaleuca alternifolia, Laurus nobilis, and Origanum majorana (#1 and #2). Incidence of S. cucurbitacearum was reduced, representing a range between 67.0% in L. nobilis to 84.4% in O. majorana #2. Treatments at 0.5 mg/mL essential oils did not affect seed germination, although radicles were shorter than controls, except with C. citratus and O. majorana #1 essential oils. Four days after seeding, seedling emergence was 20%, 30%, and 10% for control seeds and seeds treated with C. citratus essential oil (0.5 mg/mL) and fungicides (25 g/L difenoconazole plus 25 g/L fludioxonil). S. cucurbitacearum incidence was reduced by ~40% for plantlets from seeds treated with C. citratus essential oil. These data show the effectiveness of this essential oil to control the transmission of S. cucurbitacearum from seeds to plantlets, and thus define their potential use for seed decontamination in integrated pest management and organic agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Moumni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (M.M.); (K.M.)
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, National Institute for Agronomic Research of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (H.B.A.)
| | - Mohamed Bechir Allagui
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, National Institute for Agronomic Research of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (H.B.A.)
| | - Kaies Mezrioui
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (M.M.); (K.M.)
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, National Institute for Agronomic Research of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (H.B.A.)
| | - Hajer Ben Amara
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, National Institute for Agronomic Research of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia; (M.B.A.); (H.B.A.)
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (M.M.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-2204336
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Achimón F, Brito VD, Pizzolitto RP, Ramirez Sanchez A, Gómez EA, Zygadlo JA. Chemical composition and antifungal properties of commercial essential oils against the maize phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Rev Argent Microbiol 2021; 53:292-303. [PMID: 33546971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the chemical composition of Curcuma longa, Pimenta dioica, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Syzygium aromaticum essential oils (EOs) and their antifungal and anti-conidiogenic activity against Fusarium verticillioides. The chemical profile of the EOs was determined by GC/MS. The antifungal and anti-conidiogenic activities were evaluated by the agar dilution method. The tested concentrations were 1000ppm, 500ppm, 250ppm and 125ppm. S. aromaticum EO exhibited the highest antifungal effect, followed by P. dioica and to a lesser extent C. longa. The major compounds of these EOs were eugenol (88.70% in S. aromaticum and 16.70% in P. dioica), methyl eugenol (53.09% in P. dioica), and α-turmerone (44.70%), β-turmerone (20.67%), and Ar-turmerone (17.27%) in C. longa. Rosmarinus officinalis poorly inhibited fungal growth; however, it was the only EO that inhibited conidial production, with its major components being 1,8-cineole (53.48%), α-pinene (15.65%), and (-)-camphor (9.57%). Our results showed that some compounds are capable of decreasing mycelial growth without affecting sporulation, and vice versa. However, not all the compounds of an EO are responsible for its bioactivity. In the present work, we were able to identify different major compounds or mixtures of major compounds that were responsible for antifungal and anti-conidiogenic effects. Further experiments combining these pure components are necessary in order to achieve a highly bioactive natural formulation against the phytopathogenic fungus F. verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Achimón
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vanessa D Brito
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Romina P Pizzolitto
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | | | - Elisa A Gómez
- Instituto de Innovación en Biotecnología e Industria (IIBI), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Julio A Zygadlo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
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Castro JC, Pante GC, Centenaro BM, Almeida RTRD, Pilau EJ, Dias Filho BP, Mossini SAG, Abreu Filho BAD, Matioli G, Machinski Junior M. Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effects of Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon martinii essential oils against Fusarium verticillioides. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1531-1541. [PMID: 32684097 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1778183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for fungi control in grains, especially toxigenic. Also, there is growing concern on the use of synthetic fungicides; thus alternatives are needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic action of essential oils (EOs) from Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon martinii against Fusarium verticillioides, a spoilage and toxigenic fungus. Essential oils were first chemically characterised by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and their antioxidant potential was measured by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion were used to assess antifungal activity. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate morphological changes in the fungus. Antimycotoxigenic activity of the EOs against the production of fumonisin B1 and B2 by F. verticillioides was evaluated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system. Z. officinale, C. zeylanicum and C. martinii EOs were predominantly composed by zingiberene and geranial; eugenol; and geraniol, respectively. All the EOs had high antioxidant power, especially that from C. zeylanicum. The MICs were 250, 500 and 2,000 µg mL-1 for C. zeylanicum, C. martinii and Z. officinale EOs, respectively. Mycelial reduction of F. verticillioides was observed when EOs were used, and the lowest activity was detected in the Z. officinale EO. Overall, the tested EOs promoted structural damage to the fungal cell wall, decreased conidia size and mycelial reduction. Antimycotoxigenic evaluation of the EOs evidenced a significant reduction (p < .05) in the production of fumonisins B1 and B2 with all the EOs evaluated in the study. These results suggest that especially C. zeylanicum and C. martinii EOs are highly useful for controlling F. verticillioides and fumonisins production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Graciette Matioli
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá , Paraná, Brazil
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Ghazi Eid B, Hanafy A, Hasan A, Neamatalla T. Zingerone Enhances Fertility Markers in Both Male and Female Rats and Increases Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Expression. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.267.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Singh A, Chaudhari AK, Das S, Dubey NK. Nanoencapsulated Monarda citriodora Cerv. ex Lag. essential oil as potential antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic agent against deterioration of stored functional foods. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:2863-2876. [PMID: 32624592 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro antifungal activity of the essential oil from Monarda citriodora (MCEO) with possible mode of action was evaluated against A. flavus (AF-LHP-SH1) and 15 other storage molds for controlling postharvest deterioration of stored functional food samples. The chemical profiling of MCEO as done through GC-MS analysis revealed caryophyllene (19.15%) as the major component. The MCEO showed broad spectrum fungitoxicity and completely inhibited the growth of all tested molds and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production by AF-LHP-SH1 at 1.40 and 1.20 µL/mL, respectively. Plasma membrane damage and methylglyoxal inhibition was confirmed as the possible antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic mode of action of MCEO. MCEO exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity with IC50 value 2.24 μL/mL as determined through DPPH assay and did not cause adverse effect on seed germination. In addition, the MCEO was encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticle, characterized (SEM, FTIR, XRD) and assessed for their potential against inhibition of growth and AFB1 production. MCEO after encapsulation exhibited enhanced efficacy inhibiting fungal growth and AFB1 production by AF-LHP-SH1 at 0.6 and 0.5 µL/mL, respectively. Encapsulated MCEO may be recommended as novel preservative to extend the shelf life of stored functional food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Anand Kumar Chaudhari
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Somenath Das
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Nawal Kishore Dubey
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
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Krzyśko-Łupicka T, Sokół S, Piekarska-Stachowiak A. Evaluation of Fungistatic Activity of Eight Selected Essential Oils on Four Heterogeneous Fusarium Isolates Obtained from Cereal Grains in Southern Poland. Molecules 2020; 25:E292. [PMID: 31936864 PMCID: PMC7024206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the chemical composition of eight commercial essential oils (EsO) (garlic, grapefruit, lemon grass, tea tree, thyme, verbena, cajeput, and Litsea cubeba) and their fungistatic activity in relation to four species of Fusarium: F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, and F. oxysporum. The species identification of Fusarium isolates was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. The determination of qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the EsO was carried out using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The fungistatic activity of EsO was assessed by using the method of poisoned substrates. The data were compiled in the STATISTICA 13.0 program. The chemical composition of the tested oils varied; the dominant fraction, except for grapefruit and garlic oils, were monoterpenoids. The greatest similarity to the action of the synthetic pesticide Funaben T was found in four oils, i.e., thyme, lemongrass, verbena, and Litsea cubeba. The studies showed that F. oxysporum and F. avenaceum were characterized by a higher resistance to low oil concentrations, and F. culmorum and F. graminearum by sensitivity. The fungicidal activity of two EsO-dominant monoterpenoids-thymol and citral-has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Krzyśko-Łupicka
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University of Opole, Kominka 6A, 45-035 Opole, Poland
| | - Sławomir Sokół
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University of Opole, Oleska 22, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Anna Piekarska-Stachowiak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology an Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
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Perczak A, Gwiazdowska D, Gwiazdowski R, Juś K, Marchwińska K, Waśkiewicz A. The Inhibitory Potential of Selected Essential Oils on Fusarium spp. Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Maize Seeds. Pathogens 2019; 9:pathogens9010023. [PMID: 31887989 PMCID: PMC7168669 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their rich chemical composition, essential oils (EOs) have many interesting properties, including antimicrobial activities. The presence of Fusarium and their secondary metabolites, mycotoxins, in cereal crops is a serious problem in agriculture, which consequently affects food quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of selected EOs on the growth of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum and the biosynthesis of mycotoxins in maize seeds. Chromatographic analysis of ergosterol as a fungal growth indicator showed a significant inhibition of Fusarium growth (83.24–99.99%) compared to the control samples, which as a consequence resulted in a reduction in mycotoxin concentrations. The addition of cinnamon, palmarosa, orange, and spearmint EOs was shown to be the most effective in reducing zearalenone concentration (99.10–99.92%). Deoxynivalenol analysis confirmed a very high reduction of this compound at the application all tested EOs (90.69–100%). The obtained results indicated that EOs have a great potential to inhibit growth of Fusarium fungi as well as reduce the concentration of mycotoxins in maize seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Perczak
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618-487-824
| | - Daniela Gwiazdowska
- Department of Natural Science and Quality Assurance, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland; (D.G.); (K.J.); (K.M.)
| | - Romuald Gwiazdowski
- Department of Pesticide Investigation, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Juś
- Department of Natural Science and Quality Assurance, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland; (D.G.); (K.J.); (K.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Marchwińska
- Department of Natural Science and Quality Assurance, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland; (D.G.); (K.J.); (K.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
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da Silva Bomfim N, Kohiyama CY, Nakasugi LP, Nerilo SB, Mossini SAG, Romoli JCZ, Graton Mikcha JM, Abreu Filho BAD, Machinski M. Antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activity of rosemary essential oil ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.) against Aspergillus flavus. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 37:153-161. [PMID: 31644378 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1678771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The increased risk to health by diverse pathologies, such as cancer, liver diseases, and endocrine alterations, caused by chemical residues in food, has led to the search for sustainable agricultural management alternatives, such as the use of essential oils for the development of natural and eco-friendly fungicides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil (REO) against Aspergillus flavus Link. REO was obtained by hydrodistillation and its major components were identified as 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol, 52.2%), camphor (15.2%) and α-pinene (12.4%) by GC/MS and NMR. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were both 500 µg/mL. REO reduced the mycelial growth of A. flavus at a concentration of 250 µg/mL (15.3%). The results obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated a reduction in the size of conidiophores and in the thickness of hyphae in A. flavus caused by treatment with REO (250 µg/mL). The production of ergosterol and the biomass of mycelium were both reduced as the REO treatment concentration increased. The production of aflatoxins B1 and B2 was inhibited after treatment with 250 µg/mL REO, a concentration below the MIC/MFC, indicating that the antiaflatoxigenic effect of REO is independent of its antifungal effect and is likely due to its direct action upon toxin biosynthesis. The data demonstrated that REO may be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália da Silva Bomfim
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Brazil University - Tupa Faculties, Tupa, Brazil
| | - Cássia Yumie Kohiyama
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Lydiana Pollis Nakasugi
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Benício Alves de Abreu Filho
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Food Microbiology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Miguel Machinski
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
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Chaudhari AK, Dwivedy AK, Singh VK, Das S, Singh A, Dubey NK. Essential oils and their bioactive compounds as green preservatives against fungal and mycotoxin contamination of food commodities with special reference to their nanoencapsulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25414-25431. [PMID: 31313235 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fungal and mycotoxin contamination of stored food items is of utmost concern throughout the world due to their hazardous effects on mammalian systems. Most of the synthetic chemicals used as preservatives have often been realised to be toxic to humans and also cause adverse environmental effects. In this respect, use of different plant products especially essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive compounds has been recognized as a green strategy and safer alternatives to grey synthetic chemicals in view of their long traditional use. The current nanoencapsulation technology has strengthened the prospective of EOs and their bioactive compounds in food preservation by enhancing their bioactivity and mitigating other problems regarding their large-scale application. Although, the antimicrobial potential of EOs and their bioactive compounds has been reviewed time to time by different food microbiologists, but very less is known about their mode of action. Based on these backgrounds, the present article provides an account on the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic mode of action of EOs as well as their bioactive compounds. In addition, the article also deals with the application of currently used nanoencapsulation approach to improve the stability and efficacy of EOs and their bioactive compounds against mycotoxigenic fungi causing deterioration of stored food items so as to recommend their large-scale application for safe preservation and enhancement of shelf life of food items during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar Chaudhari
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Dwivedy
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Somenath Das
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Nawal Kishore Dubey
- Laboratory of Herbal Pesticides, Centre of Advanced study (CAS) in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Influence of Two Garlic-Derived Compounds, Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTS) and Propyl Propane Thiosulfinate (PTSO), on Growth and Mycotoxin Production by Fusarium Species In Vitro and in Stored Cereals. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11090495. [PMID: 31461909 PMCID: PMC6783911 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two garlic-derived compounds, Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTS) and Propyl Propane Thiosulfinate (PTSO), were examined for their efficacy against mycotoxigenic Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. verticillioides). The objectives were to assess the inhibitory effect of these compounds on growth and mycotoxin production in vitro, and in situ in artificially inoculated wheat, oats and maize with one isolate of each respectively, at different water activity (aw) conditions when stored for up to 20 days at 25 °C. In vitro, 200 ppm of either PTS or PTSO reduced fungal growth by 50-100% and mycotoxin production by >90% depending on species, mycotoxin and aw conditions on milled wheat, oats and maize respectively. PTS was generally more effective than PTSO. Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) were decreased by 50% with 80 ppm PTSO. One-hundred ppm of PTS reduced DON and ZEN production in wheat stored at 0.93 aw for 20 days, although contamination was still above the legislative limits. Contrasting effects on T-2/HT-2 toxin contamination of oats was found depending on aw, with PTS stimulating production under marginal conditions (0.93 aw), but at 0.95 aw effective control was achieved with 100 ppm. Treatment of stored maize inoculated with F. verticilliodies resulted in a stimulation of total fumonsins in most treatments. The potential use of such compounds for mycotoxin control in stored commodities is discussed.
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