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Savić IM, Savić Gajić IM, Gajić DG. Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Caffeine from Roasted Coffee Beans. Foods 2024; 13:2333. [PMID: 39123525 PMCID: PMC11312167 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a fast procedure for caffeine extraction from roasted coffee beans. The microwave-assisted extraction was carried out in the microwave oven with an operating frequency of 2450 MHz. The response surface methodology based on a Box-Behnken design was used to model and optimize the extraction process. Among the analyzed extraction parameters (factors), the influence of extraction time (2-6 min), liquid-to-solid ratio (5-15 mL/g), and microwave power (336-595 W) were considered, while the yield of extracted caffeine was observed as the response of the system. Water was used as the solvent of choice for the extraction of caffeine. The optimum conditions were as follows: extraction time, 2 min; liquid-to-solid ratio, 15 mL/g; and microwave power, 500 W. In this optimized condition, the expected extraction yield of caffeine was 1.01 g/100 g dry weight (value confirmed by experimental assays). The total energy consumed of 1.7 kWh/100 g of purified caffeine indicated a more energy-efficient procedure by about 1200-15,000 times than the reported procedures. This study showed that caffeine can be quantitatively extracted from roasted coffee beans through a green approach and that the isolated caffeine has a high purity degree, which was confirmed by the UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method. With this quality, isolated caffeine could be further used as an active ingredient in the food industry, while for pharmaceutical purposes, it must be further purified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M. Savić
- Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Ivana M. Savić Gajić
- Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, University of Nis, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Dragoljub G. Gajić
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Kralja Aleksandra 73, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Jakako Doo, Hadži-Đerina 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Sotouneh F, Reza Jamali M, Asghari A, Rajabi M. Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of trace metals in edible plants and water samples by a novel solvent bar microextraction using a meltblown layer of facemask as the extractant phase holder combined with FAAS. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Dalmaz A, Sivrikaya Özak S. Green deep eutectic solvent assisted liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for Sunset Yellow dye in effervescent vitamin C tablets. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ultrasound-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction and determination of caffeine and theophylline in human plasma and cocoa powder. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ortega-Zamora C, González-Sálamo J, Hernández-Borges J. Deep Eutectic Solvents Application in Food Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:6846. [PMID: 34833939 PMCID: PMC8617738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current trends in Analytical Chemistry are focused on the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures. However, and despite technological advances at the instrumental level having played a very important role in the greenness of the new methods, there is still work to be done regarding the sample preparation stage. In this sense, the implementation of new materials and solvents has been a great step towards the development of "greener" analytical methodologies. In particular, the application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has aroused great interest in recent years in this regard, as a consequence of their excellent physicochemical properties, general low toxicity, and high biodegradability if they are compared with classical organic solvents. Furthermore, the inclusion of DESs based on natural products (natural DESs, NADESs) has led to a notable increase in the popularity of this new generation of solvents in extraction techniques. This review article focuses on providing an overview of the applications and limitations of DESs in solvent-based extraction techniques for food analysis, paying especial attention to their hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature, which is one of the main factors affecting the extraction procedure, becoming even more important when such complex matrices are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ortega-Zamora
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Javier González-Sálamo
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Chen H, Liu R, Guo X, Deng G, Xu L, Zhang L, Lan W, Zhou C, She Y, Fu H. Visual paper-based sensor for the highly sensitive detection of caffeine in food and biological matrix based on CdTe-nano ZnTPyP combined with chemometrics. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:27. [PMID: 33404824 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine naturally occurs in tea and cocoa, which is also used as an additive in beverages and has pharmacological effects such as refreshing, antidepressant, and digestion promotion, but excessive caffeine can cause harm to the human body. In this work, based on the specific response between nano zinc 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H-23H-porphine (nano ZnTPyP)-CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and caffeine, combined with chemometrics, a visual paper-based sensor was constructed for rapid and on-site detection of caffeine. The fluorescence of QDs can be quenched by nano ZnTPyP. When caffeine is added to the system, it can pull nano ZnTPyP off the surface of the QDs to achieve fluorescence recovery through electrostatic attraction and nitrogen/zinc coordination. The detection range is 5 × 10-11~3 × 10-9 mol L-1, and the detection limit is 1.53 × 10-11 mol L-1 (R2 = 0.9990) (S/N = 3). The paper-based sensor constructed exhibits good results in real samples, such as tea water, cell culture fluid, newborn bovine serum, and human plasma. Therefore, the sensor is expected to be applied to the rapid instrument-free detection of caffeine in food and biological samples.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Chen
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoqiong Deng
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lan
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.,International Environmental Protection City Technology Limited Company (IEPCT), Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbin She
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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Ma S, Jin X, Wei H, Liu Y, Guo M. Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasonic-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction combined with HPLC-FLD for diphenylamine determination in fruit. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 38:339-349. [PMID: 33332984 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1852320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, novel high extraction efficiency hydrophobic eutectic solvents (DESs), n-octanoic acid as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and menthol as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), were selected from five hydrophobic DESs to extract trace diphenylamine (DPA) in fruits apple, pear and orange under ultrasonic-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (UA-LLME) technology before high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Working parameters such as the DESs type, molar ratio, extractant volume, and ultrasonic time of the LLME hydrophobic DESs technology were optimised. Average recoveries between 96% and 108% were obtained on actual samples. This method gave lower detection limit (LOD) than other existing methods due to combining the high-efficiency extraction of hydrophobic DES and high sensitivity of fluorescence detector. This method was sensitive and eco-friendly, and can be used for the determination of trace components in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Ma
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian, China
| | - Xiuyi Jin
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian, China
| | - Huan Wei
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian, China
| | - Ming Guo
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University , Dalian, China
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Dai Y, Row KH. Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Chlorogenic Acid from Capillary Artemisia with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent-Functionalized Cellulose. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1826502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
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Soylak M, Agirbas M, Yilmaz E. A new strategy for the combination of supramolecular liquid phase microextraction and UV-Vis spectrophotometric determination for traces of maneb in food and water samples. Food Chem 2020; 338:128068. [PMID: 32950010 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel and green method was developed for enrichment of maneb (manganese ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate) with a supramolecular solvent liquid phase microextraction method. The microextraction method has been used for the first time in the literature for separation-preconcentration of maneb. 1-decanol and tetrahydrofuran were used in the supramolecular solvent formation. The Mn2+ content of maneb was extracted in the supramolecular solvent phase as 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol complex at pH 12.0. Manganese concentration was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 555 nm. Then, the maneb concentration equivalent to manganese concentration was calculated. The analytical parameters which effective in the method, including pH, volume of reagents, and sample volume were optimized. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification values for maneb were calculated as 2.22 μg L-1 and 7.32 μg L-1, respectively. The method was successfully applied in the analysis of the maneb content of water and food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Soylak
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Metin Agirbas
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yilmaz
- Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM Erciyes University, Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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Sivrikaya Ozak S, Yılmaz Y. Ultrasound-assisted hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent based solid-liquid microextraction of Sudan dyes in spice samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118353. [PMID: 32320916 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly, simple method was carried out with the help of an ultrasonic assisted solid-liquid microextraction technique using a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) for the extraction and determination of Sudan dyes (I-IV) in spice samples. In this method, parameters affecting the optimization were researched and optimized such as DES composition, DES volume, ultrasonic time, temperature and, centrifuge time. The analytical performance of the developed method was quite satisfactory, the R2 values were higher than 0.9989, and the limits of quantification were <1.17 μg g-1. Two different concentrations (10-50 μg g-1) were spiked to Chili peppers, paprika, cumin and sumac spices for the applicability and accuracy of the developed microextraction method. Some of these spices were found to contain Sudan I and IV dyes. The recovery values for spiked samples were found to be between 85.55% and 99.29% and relative standard deviations were found to be <3.17% when using a 10 μg g-1 Sudan dyes concentration. The results showed that the developed method can be successfully applied for extraction and determination of Sudan dyes in spice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezen Sivrikaya Ozak
- Polymer Engineering Department, Technology Faculty, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Yunus Yılmaz
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Science, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
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