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Liu Y, Lin N, Dai C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Xu M, Wang F, Li Y, Chen D. Occurrence and distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in human livers with liver cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111775. [PMID: 34333008 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are anthropogenic compounds that are widely accumulated in human tissues, and the liver is considered a primary target organ for PFASs exposure. The occurrence and distribution of 21 PFASs in liver tissues with tumors (n = 55) and without tumors (n = 55) are investigated in this study. Eleven perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and five perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) were detected at high frequencies (45.5%-100 %), while the detection frequencies of five perfluoroalkyl phosphate (PFPAs) were relatively lower (≤29.1 %). PFSAs and PFCAs accounted for up to 82.5%-92.7 % of the total PFASs. Although it was not found to be statistically significant, the concentrations of the total PFASs were slightly higher in the tumor liver samples (mean 64.3, range 5.70-303 ng/g) than those in the non-tumor liver samples (mean 62.7, range 4.08-240 ng/g).The perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), and perfluorobutanesulphonate (PFBS) showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the tumor and non-tumor liver samples, and the different distribution levels of these three PFASs may have been a consequence of oxidative stress. The total concentrations of PFASs in the three age groups were in the decreasing order of middle-aged people (45-60) > old people (>60) > young people (<45). The PFASs in females were generally lower than in males, which may have been related to women's special excretion methods (such as childbirth and breastfeeding). The results should be valuable for further mechanistic studies regarding the toxic effects of PFASs in human livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Cao Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jianliang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Mingxing Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yanjie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Da Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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