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Li W, Tang X, Liu H, Liu K, Tian Z, Zhao Y. Protective effect of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol against DSS-induced colitis via modulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. Food Funct 2024; 15:8700-8711. [PMID: 39076044 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02344g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a challenging condition to cure that can occur at any age. The gut microbiome and intestinal epithelial barrier play a crucial role in the development of IBD. 1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO), the predominant triglyceride in breast milk, is a structural lipid with multiple physiological functions. However, the protective effect of OPO on IBD and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study showed that oral administration of OPO markedly ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis phenotypes. OPO treatment reduced inflammation levels by suppressing the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway in colitis mice. Furthermore, OPO treatment improved intestinal epithelial barrier function via promoting epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and upregulating tight junction protein expression. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that OPO treatment restored microbial alpha diversity and reshaped the microbiota of colitis mice. Therefore, our study revealed that OPO exhibited a protective role in DSS-induced colitis via maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and modulating gut microbiota. Our results highlight that OPO could be used as effective supplements for individuals with IBD or intestinal dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhiqing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Bi D, Tey JT, Yao D, Cao Y, Qian M, Shi J, Guo S. The causal relationship between gut microbiota and alopecia areata: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1431646. [PMID: 39070268 PMCID: PMC11272542 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1431646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests a robust correlation between the gut microbiome and alopecia areata. In light of the extensive diversity of gut microbiota, this study aims to utilize state-of-the-art and comprehensive data to explore the causative association between gut microbiota and alopecia areata. Objective We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR)-based two-sample study to elucidate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and alopecia areata. Method Summary information on Ncase = 767 and Ncontrol = 394,105 cases of alopecia areata was obtained from the FinnGen study. A total of 473 gut microbial taxa were summarized from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog. The study comprised a forward Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with the gut microbiome as the exposure factor and alopecia areata as the outcome, as well as a reverse MR analysis with alopecia areata as the exposure factor and the gut microbiome as the outcome. Various analytical methods including inverse variance weighting (IVW), Weighted Median, MR-Egger, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode were employed. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis was conducted to ensure the robustness of our research findings. Result This study has established a causal relationship between gut microbiota and alopecia areata. Forward causal analysis revealed causality relationships between 16 gut microbial taxa and alopecia areata, while reverse causal analysis found that there may be a causal relationship between alopecia areata and 16 gut microbial taxa (not statistically significant). Conclusion Our study findings suggest a causal relationship between gut microbiota and alopecia areata, providing potential guidance for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhao Bi
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Tong Tey
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutian Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Minyu Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shun Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yu W, Li B, Chen L, Chen Q, Song Q, Jin X, Yin Y, Tong H, Xue L. Gigantol ameliorates DSS-induced colitis via suppressing β2 integrin mediated adhesion and chemotaxis of macrophage. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118123. [PMID: 38554854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dendrobium, recognized as "Shihu" in traditional Chinese medicine, holds a rich history of medicinal utilization documented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Ancient texts like "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" extol Dendrobium's virtues as a superior herbal medicine fortifying "Yin" and invigorating the five viscera. Dendrobium is extensively employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, showcasing significant therapeutic efficacy, particularly against ulcerative colitis (UC), within the realm of Chinese ethnopharmacology. Dendrobium plays crucial pharmacological roles due to its rich content of polysaccharides, alkaloids, phenanthrenes, and bibenzyls. Gigantol, a prominent bibenzyl compound, stands out as one of the most vital active constituents within Dendrobium, the gigantol content of Dendrobium leaves can reach approximately 4.79 μg/g. Its significance lies in being recognized as a noteworthy anti-inflammatory compound derived from Dendrobium. AIM OF THE STUDY Given the pivotal role of gigantol as a primary active substance in Dendrobium, the therapeutic potential of gigantol for gastrointestinal diseases remains enigmatic. Our present investigation aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of gigantol on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and reveal its potential mechanism in countering UC activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protective efficacy of gigantol against colitis was assessed by examining the histopathological changes and conducting biochemical analyses of colon from DSS-challenged mice. Assessments focused on gigantol's impact on improving the intestinal epithelial barrier and its anti-inflammatory effects in colonic tissues of colitis mice. Investigative techniques included the exploration of the macrophage inflammatory signaling pathway via qPCR and Western blot analyses. In vitro studies scrutinized macrophage adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis utilizing transwell and Zigmond chambers. Furthermore, F-actin and Rac1 activation assays detailed cellular cytoskeletal remodeling. The potential therapeutic target of gigantol was identified and validated through protein binding analysis, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay. The binding sites between gigantol and its target were predicted via molecular docking. RESULTS Gigantol ameliorated symptoms of DSS-induced colitis, rectified damage to the intestinal barrier, and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues. Intriguingly, gigantol significantly curtailed NF-κB signaling activation in the colons of DSS-induced colitis mice. Notably, gigantol impaired the β2 integrin-dependent adhesion and migratory capacity of RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, gigantol notably influenced the cytoskeleton remodeling of RAW264.7 cells by suppressing Vav1 phosphorylation and Rac1 activation. Mechanistically, gigantol interacted with β2 integrin, subsequently diminishing binding affinity with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings elucidate that gigantol ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by antagonizing β2 integrin-mediated macrophage adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis, thus it may impede macrophage recruitment and infiltration into colonic tissues. This study suggests that gigantol shows promise as a viable candidate for clinical colitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China
| | - Boyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Luxi Chen
- Pediatric Emergency Observation Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China
| | - QingQing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China
| | - Yandan Yin
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, 325200, PR China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Liwei Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, PR China.
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Lee JH, Shin JH, Kim JY, Ju HJ, Kim GM. Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Alopecia Areata. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4256. [PMID: 38673841 PMCID: PMC11050148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in gut microbiota reportedly contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, but the association between the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA) and gut microbial dysbiosis remains unclear. This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify and compare the composition of the gut microbiome in patients affected by AA and those in a healthy control (HC) group, and to investigate possible bacterial biomarkers for the disease. Fecal samples were collected from 19 AA patients and 20 HCs to analyze the relationship with fecal bacteria. The three major genera constituting the gut microbiome of AA patients were Bacteroides, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium. The alpha diversity of the AA group was not statistically significant different from that of the HC group. However, bacterial community composition in the AA group was significantly different from that of HC group according to Jensen-Shannon dissimilarities. In patients with AA, we found an enriched presence of the genera Blautia and Eubacterium_g5 compared to the HC group (p < 0.05), whereas Bacteroides were less prevalent (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota of AA patients was distinct from those of the HC group. Our findings suggest a possible involvement of gut microbiota in in the as-yet-undefined pathogenesis of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hae Lee
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 16247, Republic of Korea; (J.H.S.); (J.Y.K.); (H.J.J.); (G.M.K.)
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Migliorisi G, Vella G, Dal Buono A, Gabbiadini R, Busacca A, Loy L, Bezzio C, Vinciguerra P, Armuzzi A. Ophthalmological Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Keep an Eye on It. Cells 2024; 13:142. [PMID: 38247834 PMCID: PMC10814681 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial chronic inflammatory disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract. However, a broad spectrum of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) is associated with IBD, affecting several organs and systems, such as the skin, musculoskeletal and hepatobiliary systems, and, not least, the eye. Approximately 10% of IBD patients can develop ocular EIMs (O-EIMs) with a higher prevalence in Crohn's disease (CD). Eye-redness, photophobia, pain, and blurred vision are the common symptoms, with a wide rate of severity and clinical impact on the quality of life. This narrative review aims to summarize the prevalence, pathogenesis, and current evidence-based management of O-EIMs, underlying the importance of a holistic approach and specialties collaboration for a prompt diagnosis and treatment. METHODS PubMed was searched up to December 2023 to identify relevant studies investigating the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment of O-EIMs in IBD patients. RESULTS The mechanisms underlying O-EIMs are partially unknown, encompassing immune dysregulation, shared antigens between the eye and the gut, genetic predisposition, and systemic inflammation driven by high levels of interleukins and cytokines in IBD patients. The complexity of O-EIMs' pathogenesis reflects in the management of these conditions, varying from topical and systemic steroids to immunomodulatory molecules and biologic therapy, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. A multidisciplinary approach is the backbone of the management of O-EIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Migliorisi
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Vella
- Department of Ophtalmology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Arianna Dal Buono
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Roberto Gabbiadini
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Anita Busacca
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Laura Loy
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristina Bezzio
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo Vinciguerra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Ophtalmology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Armuzzi
- IBD Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (A.D.B.); (R.G.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
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Song Y, Lau HCH, Zhang X, Yu J. Bile acids, gut microbiota, and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 21:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0394. [PMID: 38148326 PMCID: PMC10884537 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive liver malignancy. The interplay between bile acids (BAs) and the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical factor in HCC development and progression. Under normal conditions, BA metabolism is tightly regulated through a bidirectional interplay between gut microorganisms and BAs. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in BA metabolism, and BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain liver and intestinal homeostasis. Of note, dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota during pathogenesis and cancer development can disrupt BA homeostasis, thereby leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis, and ultimately contributing to HCC development. Therefore, understanding the intricate interplay between BAs and the gut microbiota is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively explore the roles and functions of BA metabolism, with a focus on the interactions between BAs and gut microorganisms in HCC. Additionally, therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism and the gut microbiota are discussed, including the use of BA agonists/antagonists, probiotic/prebiotic and dietary interventions, fecal microbiota transplantation, and engineered bacteria. In summary, understanding the complex BA-microbiota crosstalk can provide valuable insights into HCC development and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for liver malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Harry CH Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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