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Wu L, Lu J, Lan T, Zhang D, Xu H, Kang Z, Peng F, Wang J. Stem cell therapies: a new era in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1389697. [PMID: 38784908 PMCID: PMC11111935 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1389697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated condition that persistently harms the central nervous system. While existing treatments can slow its course, a cure remains elusive. Stem cell therapy has gained attention as a promising approach, offering new perspectives with its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. This article reviews the application of stem cells in MS, encompassing various stem cell types, therapeutic potential mechanisms, preclinical explorations, clinical research advancements, safety profiles of clinical applications, as well as limitations and challenges, aiming to provide new insights into the treatment research for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianye Lan
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hanying Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zezheng Kang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Litowczenko J, Wychowaniec JK, Załęski K, Marczak Ł, Edwards-Gayle CJC, Tadyszak K, Maciejewska BM. Micro/nano-patterns for enhancing differentiation of human neural stem cells and fabrication of nerve conduits via soft lithography and 3D printing. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213653. [PMID: 37862812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Topographical cues on materials can manipulate cellular fate, particularly for neural cells that respond well to such cues. Utilizing biomaterial surfaces with topographical features can effectively influence neuronal differentiation and promote neurite outgrowth. This is crucial for improving the regeneration of damaged neural tissue after injury. Here, we utilized groove patterns to create neural conduits that promote neural differentiation and axonal growth. We investigated the differentiation of human neural stem cells (NSCs) on silicon dioxide groove patterns with varying height-to-width/spacing ratios. We hypothesize that NSCs can sense the microgrooves with nanoscale depth on different aspect ratio substrates and exhibit different morphologies and differentiation fate. A comprehensive approach was employed, analyzing cell morphology, neurite length, and cell-specific markers. These aspects provided insights into the behavior of the investigated NSCs and their response to the topographical cues. Three groove-pattern models were designed with varying height-to-width/spacing ratios of 80, 42, and 30 for groove pattern widths of 1 μm, 5 μm, and 10 μm and nanoheights of 80 nm, 210 nm, and 280 nm. Smaller groove patterns led to longer neurites and more effective differentiation towards neurons, whereas larger patterns promoted multidimensional differentiation towards both neurons and glia. We transferred these cues onto patterned polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL-graphene oxide (PCL-GO) composite 'stamps' using simple soft lithography and reproducible extrusion 3D printing methods. The patterned scaffolds elicited a response from NSCs comparable to that of silicon dioxide groove patterns. The smallest pattern stimulated the highest neurite outgrowth, while the middle-sized grooves of PCL-GO induced effective synaptogenesis. We demonstrated the potential for such structures to be wrapped into tubes and used as grafts for peripheral nerve regeneration. Grooved PCL and PCL-GO conduits could be a promising alternative to nerve grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jacek K Wychowaniec
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, PL61614 Poznań, Poland; AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Karol Załęski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, PL61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Marczak
- European Centre for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Tadyszak
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, CAS, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara M Maciejewska
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, PL61614 Poznań, Poland
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Dahab M, Ben-Dhaou C, Cherif-Feildel M, Moftah M, Hussein HK, Moyse E, Salam SA. Neural stem cells characterization in the vagal complex of adult ovine brain: A combined neurosphere assay/RTqPCR approach. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:105025. [PMID: 37804666 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells are the effectors of adult neurogenesis, which occurs in discrete restricted areas of adult mammalian brain. In ovine species, like in rodents, in vivo incorporation of labeled DNA precursor led to characterize neurogenic proliferation in the subventricular zone and progeny migration and differentiation into the olfactory bulb. The present study addresses directly the existence of neural stem cells in the neurogenic niche of the vagal centre (area postrema) by in vitro neurosphere assay and RT-qPCR of specific markers on ex-vivo adult tissue explants, comparatively with the canonical neurogenic niche: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the forebrain. Explants defined from the neuroanatomical patterns of in vivo BrdU incorporation yielded expandable and self-renewing spheres from both SVZ and AP. Within SVZ though, the density of sphere-forming cells was higher in ventral SVZ (SVZ-V) than in its latero-dorsal (SVZ-D) and lateral (SVZ-L) regions, which differs from the distributions of neural stem cells in mouse and swine brains. Consistently, RT-qPCR of the biomarker of neural stem cells, Sox2, yields highest expression in SVZ-V ahead of SVZ-D, SVZ-L and AP. These results are discussed with regard to previously published dynamics of adult ovine neurogenesis in vivo, and in light of corresponding features in other mammalian species. This confirms existence of neurogenetic plasticity in the vagal complex of adult mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Dahab
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21151, Egypt; Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany; University of Tours, Centre INRAe of Tours, Unit 85 PRC (Physiology of Reproduction and Behavior), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Cyrine Ben-Dhaou
- University of Tours, Centre INRAe of Tours, Unit 85 PRC (Physiology of Reproduction and Behavior), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maëva Cherif-Feildel
- University of Tours, Centre INRAe of Tours, Unit 85 PRC (Physiology of Reproduction and Behavior), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Marie Moftah
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21151, Egypt
| | | | - Emmanuel Moyse
- University of Tours, Centre INRAe of Tours, Unit 85 PRC (Physiology of Reproduction and Behavior), 37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - Sherine Abdel Salam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21151, Egypt
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Muhammad SA, Nordin N, Hussin P, Mehat MZ, Tan SW, Fakurazi S. Optimization of Protocol for Isolation of Chondrocytes from Human Articular Cartilage. Cartilage 2021; 13:872S-884S. [PMID: 31540551 PMCID: PMC8804816 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519876333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage tissue engineering has evolved as one of the therapeutic strategies for cartilage defect, which relies on a large number of viable chondrocytes. Because of limited availability of cartilage and low chondrocytes yield from cartilage, the need for an improve isolation protocol for maximum yield of viable cells is a key to achieving successful clinical constructs. This study optimizes and compares different protocols for isolation of chondrocytes from cartilage. DESIGN We employed enzymatic digestion of cartilage using collagenase II and trypsin. The chondrocytes yield, growth kinetics, aggrecan, and collagen type 2 (COL2) expression were evaluated. Collagen type 1 (COL1) mRNA expression was assessed to monitor the possibility of chondrocytes dedifferentiation. RESULTS Chondrocyte yield per gram of cartilage was significantly higher (P < 0.05) using collagenase II in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) compared with 0.25% trypsin. The number of chondrocyte yield per gram was higher in cartilage digested with collagenase in HBSS compared with Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium/F12; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Chondrocytes seeded at lower densities had shorter population doubling time compared to those seeded at higher density. Protein and gene expression of chondrocyte phenotype indicates the expression of aggrecan and COL2. The expression of COL1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in passage 3 compared with primary chondrocytes. The mRNA expression of chondrocyte phenotype was similar in primary and passaged one cells. CONCLUSIONS Collagenase in HBSS yield the highest number of viable chondrocytes and the isolated cells expressed chondrocyte phenotype. This protocol can be employed to generate large number of viable chondrocytes, particularly with limited cartilage biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleiman Alhaji Muhammad
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu
Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Norshariza Nordin
- Department of Biomedical Science,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Paisal Hussin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Columbia
Asia Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharida Fakurazi
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Department of Human Anatomy, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Sharida Fakurazi, Department of Human
Anatomy, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Santos SIP, de Oliveira VC, Pieri NCG, Bressan FF, Ambrósio CE, Feitosa MLT. Isolation and characterization of neural stem cells from fetal canine spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 2021; 765:136293. [PMID: 34662661 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenesis in adult mammals occurs mainly in the subventricular and subgranular areas of the brain, but there are also reports of its occurrence in the spinal cord. In a study on rats, neural stem cells and neuroprogenitor cells could be obtained through primary spinal cord culture, but there are no studies on these cells in canine species, to date. Dogs represent an appropriate animal model for studies on neurogenesis and neurological disorders. In addition, they are animals of great affective value, and the therapeutic use of neural stem cells can represent a breakthrough in regenerative veterinary medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine a protocol for the isolation, culture, and characterization of neural and neuroprogenitor stem cells derived from the spinal cord of canine fetuses. The cells were isolated from spinal cord fragments and cultured in serum-free culture medium supplemented with EGF and FGF-2 growth factors. These cells were observed daily by optical microscopy to analyze their morphological characteristics. From the third day in vitro, it was possible to observe translucent cell groupings, similar to the neurospheres, which approximately ranged from 50 µm to 200 µm at seven days in vitro. Throughout the culture period, the neurospheres developed ribbons in their periphery that migrated and communicated with other neurospheres. RT-PCR revealed that the cells expressed the characteristic genes SOX2, NESTIN, and GFAP. In addition to gene expression, the cells were phenotypically marked in the immunofluorescence assay for the proteins Nestin, GFAP, and β-tubulin III, characterizing them as neurospheres. Our results suggest that the spinal cord may be a source of neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells in canine fetuses. These cells may be an interesting option for neurogenesis and neuroregenerative therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ingrid Pinto Santos
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bozhko DV, Galumov GK, Polovian AI, Kolchanova SM, Myrov VO, Stelmakh VA, Schiöth HB. BCNNM: A Framework for in silico Neural Tissue Development Modeling. Front Comput Neurosci 2021; 14:588224. [PMID: 33551782 PMCID: PMC7855713 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2020.588224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral (“brain”) organoids are high-fidelity in vitro cellular models of the developing brain, which makes them one of the go-to methods to study isolated processes of tissue organization and its electrophysiological properties, allowing to collect invaluable data for in silico modeling neurodevelopmental processes. Complex computer models of biological systems supplement in vivo and in vitro experimentation and allow researchers to look at things that no laboratory study has access to, due to either technological or ethical limitations. In this paper, we present the Biological Cellular Neural Network Modeling (BCNNM) framework designed for building dynamic spatial models of neural tissue organization and basic stimulus dynamics. The BCNNM uses a convenient predicate description of sequences of biochemical reactions and can be used to run complex models of multi-layer neural network formation from a single initial stem cell. It involves processes such as proliferation of precursor cells and their differentiation into mature cell types, cell migration, axon and dendritic tree formation, axon pathfinding and synaptogenesis. The experiment described in this article demonstrates a creation of an in silico cerebral organoid-like structure, constituted of up to 1 million cells, which differentiate and self-organize into an interconnected system with four layers, where the spatial arrangement of layers and cells are consistent with the values of analogous parameters obtained from research on living tissues. Our in silico organoid contains axons and millions of synapses within and between the layers, and it comprises neurons with high density of connections (more than 10). In sum, the BCNNM is an easy-to-use and powerful framework for simulations of neural tissue development that provides a convenient way to design a variety of tractable in silico experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii V Bozhko
- JetBrains Research Department, Space Office Center, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georgii K Galumov
- JetBrains Research Department, Space Office Center, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Sofiia M Kolchanova
- JetBrains Research Department, Space Office Center, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, Mayaguez, PR, United States.,Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladislav O Myrov
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Viktoriia A Stelmakh
- JetBrains Research Department, Space Office Center, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center of Life Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Satheesan L, Soundian E, Kumanan V, Kathaperumal K. Potential of ovine Wharton jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells to transdifferentiate into neuronal phenotype for application in neuroregenerative therapy. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:1101-1108. [PMID: 32031459 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1725510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The transdifferentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is not limited to mesodermal derivatives but also to other cell types such as neuronal cells under appropriate cell culture conditions.Materials and methods: The present study characterizes the differentiation of Wharton's jelly (WJ) derived MSCs using neuronal conditioned medium (NCM) collected from cultured foetal brain cells.Results: After induction with NCM to neuronal stem cells (NSC), the WJ MSCs showed profound morphological changes showing multiple neurites extending from the cell body containing reminiscent of Nissl substance and single long axon-like processes. In RT PCR and immunocytochemistry, the induced neuronal cells showed a strong positive expression of neuronal markers Nestin, β III tubulin and GFAP indicated that, the cells were reactive to NCM for differentiation. A significant (p < 0.01) increase in the level of secretome BDNF was observed in NCM suggests that the BDNF could play a key role in the transdifferentiation of WJMSCs to NSCs.Conclusion: These results support the potential of ovine MSCs isolated from umbilical cord WJ of abattoir derived foetuses to differentiate into neuronal stem cells and also provide a valuable experimental data for NSC transplant research in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lija Satheesan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eswari Soundian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijayarani Kumanan
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumanan Kathaperumal
- Bioinformatics Centre and ARIS Cell, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang W, Said A, Wang B, Qu G, Xu Q, Liu B, Shen Z. Establishment and evaluation of the goose embryo epithelial (GEE) cell line as a new model for propagation of avian viruses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193876. [PMID: 29494688 PMCID: PMC5833280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the establishment and characterization of a new epithelial cell line, goose embryonated epithelial cell line (GEE), derived from embryonic goose tissue. The purified GEE cell line can efficiently grow over 65 passages in the M199 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C. Immunofluorescence assay was used to identify purified GEE cells as epithelial cell line by detecting expression of the Keratin-18 and -19. Further characterizations demonstrated that the GEE cell line can be continuously subcultured with (i) a high capacity to replicate for over 65 passages, (ii) a spontaneous epithelial-like morphology, (iii) constant chromosomal features and (iv) without an evidence of converting to tumorigenic cells either in vitro or in vivo study. Moreover, the GEE cell line can be effectively transfected with plasmids expressing reporter genes of different avian viruses, such as VP3, VP1 and F of goose parvo virus (GPV), duck hepatitis virus (DHV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), respectively. Finally, the established GEE cell line was evaluated for avian viruses infection susceptibility. Our results showed that the tested GPV, DHAV and NDV were capable to replicate in the new cell line with titers a comparatively higher to the ones detected in the traditional culture system. Accordingly, our established GEE cell line is apparently a suitable in vitro model for transgenic, and infection manipulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Wang
- Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- Shandong Lvdu Bio-Sciences &Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Abdelrahman Said
- Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Baoqin Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Guanggang Qu
- Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shandong Lvdu Bio-Sciences &Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- Shandong Lvdu Bio-Sciences &Technology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong, China
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