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Nurmi E, Vähätalo I, Ilmarinen P, Andersén H, Tuomisto LE, Sovijärvi A, Backman H, Lehtimäki L, Hedman L, Langhammer A, Nwaru BI, Piirilä P, Kankaanranta H. Agreement between self-reported and registered age at asthma diagnosis in Finland. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:133. [PMID: 38491499 PMCID: PMC10943976 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In epidemiological studies, the age at asthma onset is often defined by patients' self-reported age at diagnosis. The reliability of this report might be questioned. Our objective was to evaluate the agreement between self-reported and registered age at asthma diagnosis and assess features contributing to the agreement. METHODS As part of the FinEsS respiratory survey in 2016, randomly selected population samples of 13,435 from Helsinki and 8000 from Western Finland were studied. Self-reported age at asthma diagnosis was compared to age at asthma diagnosis registered in the Finnish register on special reimbursement for asthma medication. The reimbursement right is based on lung function criteria according to GINA and Finnish guidelines. If the difference was less than 5 years, self-reported diagnosis was considered reliable. Features associated with the difference between self-reported and registered age at asthma diagnosis were evaluated. RESULTS Altogether 197 subjects from Helsinki and 144 from Western Finland were included. Of these, 61.9% and 77.8%, respectively, reported age at diagnosis reliably. Median difference between self-reported and registered age at diagnoses was - 2.0 years (IQR - 9.0 to 0) in Helsinki and - 1.0 (IQR - 4.3 to 0) in Western Finland indicating earlier self-reported age at diagnosis. More reliable self-report was associated with non-allergic subjects and subjects who reported having asthma diagnosis more recently. CONCLUSIONS Agreement between self-reported and registered age at asthma diagnosis was good especially with adult-onset asthma patients. Poor agreement in early-onset asthma could be related to delay in registration due to reimbursement criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Nurmi
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
| | - Iida Vähätalo
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Pinja Ilmarinen
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Heidi Andersén
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Oncology Unit, Vaasa Keskussairaala, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Leena E Tuomisto
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Anssi Sovijärvi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Backman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lauri Lehtimäki
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Allergy Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Linnea Hedman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Bright I Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Päivi Piirilä
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kankaanranta
- Tampere University Respiratory Research group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Andersén H, Bhatta L, Bashir M, Nwaru B, Langhammer A, Krokstad S, Piirilä P, Hisinger-Mölkänen H, Backman H, Kankaanranta H, Hedman L. Is there still a social gradient in respiratory symptoms? A population-based Nordic EpiLung-study. Respir Med 2024; 223:107561. [PMID: 38340905 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory symptoms are a common public health issue that can partly be attributed to preventable risk factors, such as tobacco smoking and occupational exposure, which are more common in individuals with lower socioeconomic status. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate the social gradient in respiratory symptoms in Nordic countries. METHODS This study included participants aged 30-65 years from five cross-sectional population-based questionnaire surveys in 2016 in Finland and Sweden (N = 25,423) and in 2017-2019 in Norway (N = 27,107). Occupational skill levels 1 and 2 (occupations requiring compulsory education) were combined and compared to skill levels 3 and 4 (occupations requiring upper secondary and tertiary education). Meta-analysis was conducted to obtain pooled age- and sex adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of associations between occupational skill and the respiratory symptoms including recurrent wheeze, dyspnoea, and productive cough. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, recurrent wheeze, dyspnoea, and productive cough showed a social gradient. The participants with occupational skill 1 and 2 had higher risk for recurrent wheeze (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.34-2.22) and dyspnoea (aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.29-1.90) compared to occupational skill 3 and 4 in Sweden and Finland. Similarly increased risk was observed for combined assessment of dyspnoea and wheeze (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07) in Norway. In a meta-analysis including all three countries, the aOR for productive cough was 1.31 95% CI 1.07-1.56. CONCLUSIONS Occupations with lower, compared to higher, skill levels were associated with an increased risk of recurrent wheeze, dyspnoea, and productive cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Andersén
- Vaasa Central Hospital, Oncology Unit, Cancer Center, Vaasa, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Laxmi Bhatta
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Muwada Bashir
- Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bright Nwaru
- Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway; HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway; HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Päivi Piirilä
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland; University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Helena Backman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hannu Kankaanranta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Krefting Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Linnea Hedman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Sandström N, Johansson M, Jekunen A, Andersén H. Socioeconomic status and lifestyle patterns in the most common cancer types-community-based research. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1722. [PMID: 37670311 PMCID: PMC10478285 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the global burden of chronic cancer increases, its correlation to lifestyle, socioeconomic status (SES) and health equity becomes more important. The aim of the present study was to provide a snapshot of the socioeconomic and lifestyle patterns for different cancer types in patients at a Nordic tertiary cancer clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a descriptive observational study, questionnaires addressed highest-attained educational level, occupational level, economy, relationship status, exposures, and lifestyle habits. The questionnaire was distributed to all cancer patients attending the cancer clinic. Treating physicians added further information about the cancer disease, including primary origin, pathology report, TNM-classification and stage. RESULTS Patients with lung cancer had the lowest SES, and patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, other cancer types and prostate cancer had the second, third and fourth lowest SES, respectively. However, breast cancer patients had the highest SES. Lifestyle and exposure patterns differed among the major cancer types. Lung cancer patients reported the highest proportion of unfavourable lifestyle and exposure patterns, and patients with GI cancer, prostate cancer and other cancer types had the second, third and fourth highest proportion of unfavourable lifestyle and exposure patterns, respectively. The most favourable exposure and lifestyle patterns were observed in breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated significant socioeconomic and lifestyle differences among cancer types at a Nordic cancer centre, with differences in lifestyle being more prominent than socioeconomic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas Sandström
- Cancer Clinic, Vaasa Central Hospital, Sandviksgatan 2-4, 65130, Vaasa, Finland
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Antti Jekunen
- Cancer Clinic, Vaasa Central Hospital, Sandviksgatan 2-4, 65130, Vaasa, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Andersén
- Cancer Clinic, Vaasa Central Hospital, Sandviksgatan 2-4, 65130, Vaasa, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Inflammatory and infectious upper respiratory diseases associate with 41 genomic loci and type 2 inflammation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:83. [PMID: 36653354 PMCID: PMC9849224 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33626-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory and infectious upper respiratory diseases (ICD-10: J30-J39), such as diseases of the sinonasal tract, pharynx and larynx, are growing health problems yet their genomic similarity is not known. We analyze genome-wide association to eight upper respiratory diseases (61,195 cases) among 260,405 FinnGen participants, meta-analyzing diseases in four groups based on an underlying genetic correlation structure. Aiming to understand which genetic loci contribute to susceptibility to upper respiratory diseases in general and its subtypes, we detect 41 independent genome-wide significant loci, distinguishing impact on sinonasal or pharyngeal diseases, or both. Fine-mapping implicated non-synonymous variants in nine genes, including three linked to immune-related diseases. Phenome-wide analysis implicated asthma and atopic dermatitis at sinonasal disease loci, and inflammatory bowel diseases and other immune-mediated disorders at pharyngeal disease loci. Upper respiratory diseases also genetically correlated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hypothyroidism, and psoriasis. Finally, we associated separate gene pathways in sinonasal and pharyngeal diseases that both contribute to type 2 immunological reaction. We show shared heritability among upper respiratory diseases that extends to several immune-mediated diseases with diverse mechanisms, such as type 2 high inflammation.
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Effect of adherence to treatment guidelines on overall survival in elderly non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2022; 171:9-17. [PMID: 35863255 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mean age at diagnosis of lung cancer is increasing with increasing age in Western populations. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of adherence to first-line treatment guidelines on overall survival (OS) in elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and reasons for non-adherence to treatment guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed with NSCLC in Ostrobothnia, Finland, during the years 2016 to 2020 were identified from hospital registries. Adherence of first-line treatment to contemporary treatment guidelines was analysed based on diagnosis, tumour stage and performance status (PS), as was the effect of adherence on OS. RESULTS A review of hospital registries identified 238 NSCLC patients aged ≥ 65 years. Guideline adherence by stage decreased significantly with age, with 66.4% of patients aged 65 to 74 years, but only 33.3% of those aged > 80 years treated according to guidelines (p < 0.001). Other factors associated with non-adherence to guidelines included poor PS, frailty, and limited lung function. Of the patients with PS 0-2, 26.9% were under-treated according to guidelines. Reasons for under-treatment included comorbidities, decreased lung function, physician decision to reduce treatment intensity or recommend best supportive care, patient choice and PS decline before treatment initiation. Guideline adherence increased overall OS of elderly NSCLC patients in all stages. Elderly PS 2 patients appear to benefit from guideline adherence and active treatment. In contrast, active treatment did not benefit patients with PS 3-4. CONCLUSIONS Guideline adherence was associated with increased OS in elderly NSCLC patients. Almost 10% of elderly and otherwise fit NSCLC patients were not treated according to guidelines and could have benefitted from more intensive treatment.
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