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Wang L. RNA polymerase collisions and their role in transcription. Transcription 2024; 15:38-47. [PMID: 38357902 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2024.2316972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerases are the central enzymes of gene expression and function frequently in either a head-on or co-directional manner on the busy DNA track. Whether and how these collisions between RNA polymerases contribute to transcriptional regulation is mysterious. Increasing evidence from biochemical and single-molecule studies suggests that RNA polymerase collisions function as an important regulator to fine-tune transcription, rather than creating deleterious "traffic jams". This review summarizes the recent progress on elucidating the consequences of RNA polymerase collisions during transcription and highlights the significance of cooperation and coordination between RNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Adebali O, Yang Y, Neupane P, Dike NI, Boltz JL, Kose C, Braunstein M, Selby CP, Sancar A, Lindsey-Boltz LA. The Mfd protein is the transcription-repair coupling factor (TRCF) in Mycobacterium smegmatis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103009. [PMID: 36775124 PMCID: PMC10023983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo experiments with Escherichia coli have shown that the Mfd translocase is responsible for transcription-coupled repair, a subpathway of nucleotide excision repair involving the faster rate of repair of the transcribed strand than the nontranscribed strand. Even though the mfd gene is conserved in all bacterial lineages, there is only limited information on whether it performs the same function in other bacterial species. Here, by genome scale analysis of repair of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, we find that the Mfd protein is the transcription-repair coupling factor in Mycobacterium smegmatis. This finding, combined with the inverted strandedness of UV-induced mutations in WT and mfd-E. coli and Bacillus subtilis indicate that the Mfd protein is the universal transcription-repair coupling factor in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogun Adebali
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Türkiye; Department of Computational Science - Biological Sciences, TÜBİTAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, Gebze, Türkiye
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pradeep Neupane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nneka I Dike
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia L Boltz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cansu Kose
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Miriam Braunstein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher P Selby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aziz Sancar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Laura A Lindsey-Boltz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Agapov A, Olina A, Kulbachinskiy A. OUP accepted manuscript. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:3018-3041. [PMID: 35323981 PMCID: PMC8989532 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular DNA is continuously transcribed into RNA by multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs). The continuity of transcription can be disrupted by DNA lesions that arise from the activities of cellular enzymes, reactions with endogenous and exogenous chemicals or irradiation. Here, we review available data on translesion RNA synthesis by multisubunit RNAPs from various domains of life, define common principles and variations in DNA damage sensing by RNAP, and consider existing controversies in the field of translesion transcription. Depending on the type of DNA lesion, it may be correctly bypassed by RNAP, or lead to transcriptional mutagenesis, or result in transcription stalling. Various lesions can affect the loading of the templating base into the active site of RNAP, or interfere with nucleotide binding and incorporation into RNA, or impair RNAP translocation. Stalled RNAP acts as a sensor of DNA damage during transcription-coupled repair. The outcome of DNA lesion recognition by RNAP depends on the interplay between multiple transcription and repair factors, which can stimulate RNAP bypass or increase RNAP stalling, and plays the central role in maintaining the DNA integrity. Unveiling the mechanisms of translesion transcription in various systems is thus instrumental for understanding molecular pathways underlying gene regulation and genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei Agapov
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Aleksei Agapov. Tel: +7 499 196 0015; Fax: +7 499 196 0015;
| | - Anna Olina
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Andrey Kulbachinskiy
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +7 499 196 0015; Fax: +7 499 196 0015;
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Artsimovitch I. Bacterial RNA synthesis: back to the limelight. Transcription 2021; 12:89-91. [PMID: 34783633 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.2001236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Artsimovitch
- Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, USA
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