1
|
Iorizzo M, Bagnoli D, Vergalito F, Testa B, Tremonte P, Succi M, Pannella G, Letizia F, Albanese G, Lombardi SJ, Coppola R. Diversity of fungal communities on Cabernet and Aglianico grapes from vineyards located in Southern Italy. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1399968. [PMID: 38725687 PMCID: PMC11079197 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1399968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Grape-associated microbial community is influenced by a combination of viticultural, climatic, pedological and anthropological factors, collectively known as terroir. Therefore, grapes of the same cultivar grown in different areas can be appreciated for their distinctive biogeographic characteristics. In our previous study, we showed that the phenotypic response of Aglianico and Cabernet grapevines from Molise and Sicily regions is significantly influenced by the prevailing pedoclimatic conditions, particularly soil physical properties. However, the scale at which microbial communities differ could be important in clarifying the concept of terroir, including whether it is linked to the grape variety present in a particular vineyard. To explore this further, in the research presented here, a comparative study on the fungal communities inhabiting the berry surfaces of Cabernet and Aglianico cultivars was conducted on different vineyards located in Southern Italy (Molise, Sicily and Campania regions, the first two of which had been involved in our previous study) by using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and multivariate data analysis. The descriptive approach through relative abundance analysis showed the most abundant phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chytridiomycota), families (Cladosporiaceae, Saccotheciaceae, Pleosporaceae, Saccharomycodaceae, Sporidiobolaceae, Didymellaceae, Filobasidiaceae, Bulleribasidiaceae, and Saccharomycetaceae) and genera (Cladosporium, Aureobasidium, Alternaria, Stemphylium and Filobasidium) detected on grape berries. The multivariate data analysis performed by using different packages (phyloseq, Vegan, mixOmics, microbiomeMarker and ggplot2) highlighted that the variable "vineyard location" significantly affect the fungal community, while the variable "grape variety" has no significant effect. Thus, some taxa are found to be part of specific vineyard ecosystems rather than specific grape varieties, giving additional information on the microbial contribution to wine quality, thanks to the presence of fermentative yeasts or, conversely, to the involvement in negative or detrimental roles, due to the presence of grape-deriving fungi implied in the spoilage of wine or in grapevine pathogenesis. In this connection, the main functions of core taxa fungi, whose role in the vineyard environment is still poorly understood, are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Iorizzo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Diletta Bagnoli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Franca Vergalito
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Bruno Testa
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Patrizio Tremonte
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Succi
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Pannella
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Letizia
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gianluca Albanese
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvia Jane Lombardi
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Raffaele Coppola
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan X, Su J, Zhou S, An X, Li H. Plant cultivar determined bacterial community and potential risk of antibiotic resistance gene spread in the phyllosphere. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:508-518. [PMID: 36522081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global increased antibiotic resistance level in pathogenic microbes has posed a significant threat to human health. Fresh vegetables have been recognized to be an important vehicle of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from environments to human beings. Phyllosphere ARGs have been indicated to be changed with plant species, yet the influence of plant cultivar on the phyllospheric resistome is still unclear. Here, we detected the ARGs and bacterial communities in the phyllosphere of two cultivars of cilantros and their corresponding soils using high-throughput quantitative PCR technique and bacterial 16S rRNA gene-based high-throughput sequencing, respectively. We further identified the potential bacterial pathogens and analyzed the effects of plant cultivar on ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), microbiome and potential bacterial pathogens. The results showed that the cultivars did not affect the ARG abundance and composition, but significantly shaped the abundance of MGEs and the composition structure of bacteria in the phyllosphere. The relative abundance of potential bacterial pathogens was significantly higher in the phyllosphere than that in soils. Mantel test showed that the ARG patterns were significantly correlated to the patterns of potential bacterial pathogens. Our results suggested that the horizontal gene transfer of ARGs in the phyllosphere might be different between the two cultivars of cilantro and highlighted the higher risk of phyllospheric microorganisms compared with those in soils. These findings extend our knowledge on the vegetable microbiomes, ARGs, and potential pathogens, suggesting more agricultural and hygiene protocols are needed to control the risk of foodborne ARGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianqiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyidan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinli An
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Del Frari G, Aggerbeck MR, Gobbi A, Ingrà C, Volpi L, Nascimento T, Ferrandino A, Hansen LH, Ferreira RB. Pruning Wound Protection Products Induce Alterations in the Wood Mycobiome Profile of Grapevines. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040488. [PMID: 37108942 PMCID: PMC10141712 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens involved in grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) may infect grapevines throughout their lifetime, from nursery to vineyard, via open wounds in stems, canes or roots. In vineyards, pruning wound protection products (PWPPs) offer the best means to reduce the chance of infection by GTD fungi. However, PWPPs may affect non-target microorganisms that comprise the natural endophytic mycobiome residing in treated canes, disrupting microbial homeostasis and indirectly influencing grapevine health. Using DNA metabarcoding, we characterized the endophytic mycobiome of one-year-old canes of cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah in two vineyards in Portugal and Italy and assessed the impact of established and novel PWPPs on the fungal communities of treated canes. Our results reveal a large fungal diversity (176 taxa), and we report multiple genera never detected before in grapevine wood (e.g., Symmetrospora and Akenomyces). We found differences in mycobiome beta diversity when comparing vineyards (p = 0.01) but not cultivars (p > 0.05). When examining PWPP-treated canes, we detected cultivar- and vineyard-dependent alterations in both alpha and beta diversity. In addition, numerous fungal taxa were over- or under-represented when compared to control canes. Among them, Epicoccum sp., a beneficial genus with biological control potential, was negatively affected by selected PWPPs. This study demonstrates that PWPPs induce alterations in the fungal communities of grapevines, requiring an urgent evaluation of their direct and indirect effects on plants health with consideration of factors such as climatic conditions and yearly variations, in order to better advise viticulturists and policy makers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Del Frari
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Alex Gobbi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Chiara Ingrà
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini, 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Volpi
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Nascimento
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alessandra Ferrandino
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini, 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Tseng HT, Hemmings G, Omolehin O, Taylor C, Taylor A, Kong P, Daughtrey M, Gouker F, Hong C. Characterization of Boxwood Shoot Bacterial Communities and Potential Impact from Fungicide Treatments. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0416322. [PMID: 36853063 PMCID: PMC10100737 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04163-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phyllosphere bacterial communities play important roles in plant fitness and growth. The objective of this study was to characterize the epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities of boxwood shoots and determine how they may respond to commonly used fungicides. In early summer and early fall, shoot samples were collected immediately before and 1, 7, and 14 days after three fungicides containing chlorothalonil and/or propiconazole were applied to the canopy. Total genomic DNA from shoot surface washings and surface-sterilized shoot tissues was used as the template for 16S rRNA metabarcoding, and the amplicons were sequenced on a Nanopore MinION sequencer to characterize the epiphytic and endophytic communities. The bacterial communities were phylogenetically more diverse on the boxwood shoot surface than in the internal tissue, although the two communities shared 12.7% of the total 1,649 identified genera. The most abundant epiphytes were Methylobacterium and Pantoea, while Stenotrophomonas and Brevundimonas were the dominant endophytes. Fungicide treatments had strong impacts on epiphytic bacterial community structure and composition. Analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOM-BC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA)-like differential expression (ALDEx2) together identified 312 and 1,362 epiphytes changed in abundance due to fungicide treatments in early summer and early fall, respectively, and over 50% of these epiphytes were negatively impacted by fungicide. The two chlorothalonil-based contact fungicides demonstrated more marked effects than the propiconazole-based systemic fungicide. These results are foundational for exploring and utilizing the full potential of the microbiome and fungicide applications and developing a systems approach to boxwood health and production. IMPORTANCE Agrochemicals are important tools for safeguarding plants from invasive pathogens, insects, mites, and weeds. How they may affect the plant microbiome, a critical component of crop health and production, was poorly understood. Here, we used boxwood, an iconic low-maintenance landscape plant, to characterize shoot epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities and their responses to contact and systemic fungicides. This study expanded our understanding of the above-ground microbiome in ornamental plants and is foundational for utilizing the full benefits of the microbiome in concert with different fungicide chemistries to improve boxwood health. This study also sets an example for a more thorough evaluation of these and other agrochemicals for their effects on boxwood microbiomes during production and offers an expanded systems approach that could be used with other crops for enhanced integrated pest management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Hampton Roads Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Hsien Tzer Tseng
- North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry Division, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ginger Hemmings
- North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry Division, Dobson, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olanike Omolehin
- Hampton Roads Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Chad Taylor
- North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Plant Industry Division, Boone, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda Taylor
- North Carolina University Cooperative Extension, Morganton, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ping Kong
- Hampton Roads Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Margery Daughtrey
- Long Island Horticultural Research and Extension Center, Cornell University, Riverhead, New York, USA
| | - Fred Gouker
- USDA-ARS, U.S. National Arboretum, Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Chuanxue Hong
- Hampton Roads Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Molnár A, Geml J, Geiger A, Leal CM, Kgobe G, Tóth AM, Villangó S, Mézes L, Czeglédi M, Lőrincz G, Zsófi Z. Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151924. [PMID: 35893628 PMCID: PMC9331551 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Improving our knowledge on biotic and abiotic factors that influence the composition of the grapevine mycobiome is of great agricultural significance, due to potential effects on plant health, productivity, and wine characteristics. Here, we assessed the influence of scion cultivar on the diversity and composition of fungal communities in the berries and leaves of three different cultivars. We generated DNA metabarcoding data, and statistically compared the richness, relative abundance, and composition of several functional groups of fungi among cultivars, which are partly explained by measured differences in chemical composition of leaves and berries and physiological traits of leaves. Fungal communities in leaves and berries show contrasting patterns among cultivars. The richness and relative abundance of fungal functional groups statistically differ among berry and leaf samples, but less so among cultivars. Community composition of the dominant functional groups of fungi, i.e., plant pathogens in leaves and saprotrophs in berries, differs significantly among cultivars. We also detect cultivar-level differences in the macro- and microelement content of the leaves, and in acidity and sugar concentration of berries. Our findings suggest that there appears to be a relatively diverse set of fungi that make up the grapevine mycobiome at the sampled terroir that spans several cultivars, and that both berry and leaf mycobiomes are likely influenced by the chemical characteristics of berries and leaves, e.g., pH and the availability of nutrients and simple carbohydrates. Finally, the correlation between fungal community composition and physiological variables in leaves is noteworthy, and merits further research to explore causality. Our findings offer novel insights into the microbial dynamics of grapevine considering plant chemistry and physiology, with implications for viticulture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Molnár
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.); (A.G.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - József Geml
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.); (A.G.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
- ELKH–EKKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-365204004406
| | - Adrienn Geiger
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.); (A.G.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Páter K. u. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - Carla Mota Leal
- ELKH–EKKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Páter K. u. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - Glodia Kgobe
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Páter K. u. 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - Adrienn Mária Tóth
- Institute for Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Szabolcs Villangó
- Institute for Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lili Mézes
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.); (A.G.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Márk Czeglédi
- Food and Wine Research Institute, Research and Development Center, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.); (A.G.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - György Lőrincz
- Institute for Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zsolt Zsófi
- Institute for Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka u. 6, 3300 Eger, Hungary; (A.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.L.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chupradit S, Huy DTN, Hachem K, Shichiyakh RA, Bokov D, Mahmudiono T, Al-Rekaby HQ, Kadhim MM, Thangavelu L. Agrobiological evaluations of newly introduced grapes varieties under climatic conditions of the south of Kazakhstan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e258275. [PMID: 35262566 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.258275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Variety assortment enhancement is a normal task that involves enhancing the assortment's quality and upgrading varieties. The findings of a research of imported grape varieties in the southeast of Kazakhstan, namely in the Almaty region's bottom-mountain zone, are presented in this article. The onset and conclusion of the main phenological phases of a grape plant throughout the vegetative period were directly influenced by the climatic and meteorological conditions of this district. In comparison to the recognized variety Almaty early-maturing, it has been proven that types Priusadebny, Iyulsky, and Kuibyshevsk early-maturing have a high degree of eyes wintering buds and may provide a high-quality crop in this location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Chupradit
- Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - D T N Huy
- Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan
| | - K Hachem
- University of Saida - Dr. Moulay Tahar, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Saida, Algeria
| | | | - D Bokov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Pharmacy, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - T Mahmudiono
- Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Public Health Department of Nutrition, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - H Q Al-Rekaby
- Al-Ayen University, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Department of Optics, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - M M Kadhim
- The Islamic University, College of Technical Engineering, Najaf, Iraq
| | - L Thangavelu
- Saveetha University, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mozūraitis R, Apšegaitė V, Radžiutė S, Aleknavičius D, Būdienė J, Stanevičienė R, Blažytė-Čereškienė L, Servienė E, Būda V. Volatiles Produced by Yeasts Related to Prunus avium and P. cerasus Fruits and Their Potentials to Modulate the Behaviour of the Pest Rhagoletis cerasi Fruit Flies. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:95. [PMID: 35205850 PMCID: PMC8876962 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast produced semiochemicals are increasingly used in pest management programs, however, little is known on which yeasts populate cherry fruits and no information is available on the volatiles that modify the behaviour of cherry pests including Rhagoletis cerasi flies. Eighty-two compounds were extracted from the headspaces of eleven yeast species associated with sweet and sour cherry fruits by solid phase micro extraction. Esters and alcohols were the most abundant volatiles released by yeasts. The multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that the odour blends emitted by yeasts were species-specific. Pichia kudriavzevii and Hanseniaspora uvarum yeasts released the most similar volatile blends while P. kluyveri and Cryptococcus wieringae yeasts produced the most different blends. Combined gas chromatographic and electroantennographic detection methods showed that 3-methybutyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl propionate, 2-methyl-1-butanol, and 3-methyl-1-butanol elicited antennal responses of both R. cerasi fruit fly sexes. The two-choice olfactometric tests revealed that R. cerasi flies preferred 3-methylbutyl propionate and 3-methyl-1-butanol but avoided 3-methybutyl acetate. Yeast-produced behaviourally active compounds indicated a potential for use in pest monitoring and control of R. cerasi fruit flies, an economically important pest of cherry fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raimondas Mozūraitis
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Violeta Apšegaitė
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Sandra Radžiutė
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Dominykas Aleknavičius
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Jurga Būdienė
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Ramunė Stanevičienė
- Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Laima Blažytė-Čereškienė
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| | - Elena Servienė
- Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Vincas Būda
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.A.); (S.R.); (D.A.); (J.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (V.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bettenfeld P, Cadena i Canals J, Jacquens L, Fernandez O, Fontaine F, van Schaik E, Courty PE, Trouvelot S. The microbiota of the grapevine holobiont: A key component of plant health. J Adv Res 2021; 40:1-15. [PMID: 36100319 PMCID: PMC9481934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Grapevine interacts different microbiota living around and within its tissues Addition of microbial genes to plant genome gives supplementary functions to the holobiont The composition of grapevine microbiota varies according to endogenous and exogenous factors Microbiota variations can lead to perturbations of grapevine metabolism The link between symptom emergence of dieback and microbial imbalance is currently studied
Background Grapevine is a woody, perennial plant of high economic importance worldwide. Like other plants, it lives in close association with large numbers of microorganisms. Bacteria, fungi and viruses are structured in communities, and each individual can be beneficial, neutral or harmful to the plant. In this sense, microorganisms can interact with each other and regulate plant functions (including immunity) and even provide new ones. Thus, the grapevine associated with its microbial communities constitutes a supra-organism, also called a holobiont, whose functioning is linked to established plant-microorganism interactions. Aim of review The overall health of the plant may be conditioned by the diversity and structure of microbial communities. Consequently, an optimal microbial composition will consist of a microbial balance allowing the plant to be healthy. Conversely, an imbalance of microbial populations could lead to (or be generated by) a decline of the plant. The microbiome is an active component of the host also responsive to biotic and abiotic changes; in that respect, a better understanding of the most important drivers of the composition of plant microbiomes is needed. Key scientific concepts of review This article presents the current state of the art about the grapevine microbiota and its composition according to the plant compartments and the influencing factors. We also focus on situations of imbalance, in particular during plant disease or decline. Finally, we discuss the possible interest of microbial engineering in an agrosystem such as viticulture.
Collapse
|
9
|
Martins F, Cameirão C, Mina D, Benhadi-Marín J, Pereira JA, Baptista P. Endophytic fungal community succession in reproductive organs of two olive tree cultivars with contrasting anthracnose susceptibilities. FUNGAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.101003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Zhang S, Wang Y, Chen X, Cui B, Bai Z, Zhuang G. Variety features differentiate microbiota in the grape leaves. Can J Microbiol 2020; 66:653-663. [PMID: 32511936 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The dependence of plant health and crop quality on the epiphytic microbial community has been extensively addressed, but little is known about plant-associated microbial communities under natural conditions. In this study, the bacterial and fungal communities on grape leaves were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer high-throughput sequencing, respectively. The results showed differences in the composition of the microbial communities on leaf samples of nine wine grape varieties. The most abundant bacterial genus was Pseudomonas, and the top three varieties with Pseudomonas were Zinfandel (22.6%), Syrah (21.6%), and Merlot (13.5%). The most abundant fungal genus was Alternaria, and the cultivar with the lowest abundance of Alternaria was Zinfandel (33.6%), indicating that these communities had different habitat preferences. The linear discriminant analysis effect size of all species showed that the bacteria Enterococcus, Massilia, and Kocuria were significantly enriched on the leaves of Merlot, Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, respectively; Pseudomonadales and Pantoea on Zinfandel; and Bacillus, Turicibacter, and Romboutsia on Pinot Noir. Similarly, the fungi Cladosporium, Phoma, and Sporormiella were significantly enriched on Zinfandel, Lon, and Gem, respectively. Both Bray-Curtis and unweighted UniFrac revealed that bacteria and fungi have a significant impact (P < 0.01), and the results further proved that variety is the most important factor affecting the microbial community. The findings indicate that some beneficial or harmful microorganisms existing on the wine grape leaves might affect the health of the grape plants and the wine-making process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Bingjian Cui
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Bai
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Zhuang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Deyett E, Rolshausen PE. Endophytic microbial assemblage in grapevine. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5810658. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The plant vascular system has remained an underexplored niche despite its potential for hosting beneficial microbes. The aim of this work was to determine the origin of the microbial endophytes inhabiting grapevine. We focused on a single commercial vineyard in California over a two-year period and used an amplicon metagenomics approach to profile the bacterial (16S–V4) and fungal (ITS) communities of the microbiome across a continuum of six grapevine compartments: bulk soil, rhizosphere, root, cordon, cane and sap. Our data supported that roots are a bottleneck to microbial richness and that they are mostly colonized with soilborne microbes, including plant growth-promoting bacteria recruited by the host, but also saprophytic and pathogenic fungal invaders. A core group of taxa was identified throughout the vine; however, there was clear partitioning of the microbiome with niche adaptation of distinct taxonomic groups. Above- and belowground plant tissues displayed distinct microbial fingerprints and were intermixed in a limited capacity mostly by way of the plant sap. We discuss how cultural practices and human contact may shape the endosphere microbiome and identify potential channels for transmission of its residents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Deyett
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - P E Rolshausen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gobbi A, Kyrkou I, Filippi E, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Hansen LH. Seasonal epiphytic microbial dynamics on grapevine leaves under biocontrol and copper fungicide treatments. Sci Rep 2020; 10:681. [PMID: 31959791 PMCID: PMC6971271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Winemakers have long used copper as a conventional fungicide treatment on grapevine and only recently, the use of biocontrol agents depicted a promising alternative. Most of the studies that investigate the impact of fungicide treatments, focus on specific pathogenic microbes. In the present work instead, a field experiment conducted in South Africa shows the seasonal microbial change occurring on grapevine leaves, periodically treated with two different fungicide treatments: copper sulphate and Lactobacillus plantarum MW-1. In this work, NGS data were combined with strain-specific and community qPCRs to reveal the shift of the microbial communities throughout the growing season and highlight the impact of fungicides on the microbiota. Only the family of Lactobacillaceae systematically changed between treatments, while the bacterial community remained relatively stable over time. MW-1 was exclusively detected on biocontrol-sprayed leaves. Conversely, the fungal community was largely shaped by sampling time, underlining the succession of different dominant taxa over the months. Between treatments, only a few fungal taxa appeared to change significantly and the fungal load was also comparable. Monitoring the dynamics of the microbial community under different fungicide treatments may advise the best timing to apply treatments to the plants, toward the realization of more sustainable agricultural practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gobbi
- Environmental Microbial Genomics (EMG), Plant and Environmental Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
| | - Ifigeneia Kyrkou
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
| | - Elisa Filippi
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
- Environmental Microbial Genomics (EMG), Plant and Environmental Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark.
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde, DK, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Leveau JH. A brief from the leaf: latest research to inform our understanding of the phyllosphere microbiome. Curr Opin Microbiol 2019; 49:41-49. [PMID: 31707206 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The plant leaf surface, or phyllosphere, represents a unique and challenging microbial biome with a diverse and dynamic community of commensal, parasitic, and mutualistic agents of microscopic proportions. This mini-review offers a digest of recently published research dedicated to the study of phyllosphere microbiota, framed in the context of processes and outcomes of microbial community assembly, structure, and (inter)activity in the phyllosphere, with particular focus on the contributions of environment, plant, and microbe, and on the potential benefits of interrogating those contributions at finer resolutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Hj Leveau
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Understanding the phyllosphere microbiome assemblage in grape species (Vitaceae) with amplicon sequence data structures. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14294. [PMID: 31586145 PMCID: PMC6778096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Impacts of plant genotype on microbial assemblage in the phyllosphere (above-ground parts of plants, which predominantly consists of the set of photosynthetic leaves) of Vitis vinifera cultivars have been studied previously but the impact of grape species (under the grape family Vitaceae) was never investigated. Considering the fact, that the phyllosphere microbiome may have profound effects on host plant health and its performance traits, studying the impact of grape species in microbial taxa structuring in the phyllosphere could be of crucial importance. We performed 16S and ITS profiling (for bacteria and fungi respectively) to access genus level characterization of the microflora present in the leaf phyllosphere of five species within this plant family, sampled in two successive years from the repository situated in the Mediterranean. We also performed α and β-diversity analyses with robust statistical estimates to test the impacts of grape species and growing year, over a two-year period. Our results indicated the presence of complex microbial diversity and assemblages in the phyllosphere with a significant effect of both factors (grape species and growing year), the latter effect is being more pronounced. We also compared separate normalization methods for high-throughput microbiome data-sets followed by differential taxa abundance analyses. The results suggested the predominance of a particular normalization method over others. This also indicated the need for more robust normalization methods to study the differential taxa abundance among groups in microbiome research.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao F, Chen J, Xiao J, Cheng W, Zheng X, Wang B, Shi X. Microbial community composition on grape surface controlled by geographical factors of different wine regions in Xinjiang, China. Food Res Int 2019; 122:348-360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|