1
|
Turk A, Čeh E, Calin GA, Kunej T. Multiple omics levels of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:293. [PMID: 38906881 PMCID: PMC11192936 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy characterized by the proliferation of functionally mature but incompetent B cells. It is the most prevalent type of leukemia in Western populations, accounting for approximately 25% of new leukemia cases. While recent advances, such as ibrutinib and venetoclax treatment have improved patient outlook, aggressive forms of CLL such as Richter transformation still pose a significant challenge. This discrepancy may be due to the heterogeneity of factors contributing to CLL development at multiple -omics levels. However, information on the omics of CLL is fragmented, hindering multi-omics-based research into potential treatment options. To address this, we aggregated and presented a selection of important aspects of various omics levels of the disease in this review. The purpose of the present literature analysis is to portray examples of CLL studies from different omics levels, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, epitranscriptomics, proteomics, epiproteomics, metabolomics, glycomics and lipidomics, as well as those identified by multi-omics approaches. The review includes the list of 102 CLL-associated genes with relevant genomics information. While single-omics studies yield substantial and useful data, they omit a significant level of complex biological interplay present in the disease. As multi-omics studies integrate several different layers of data, they may be better suited for complex diseases such as CLL and have thus far yielded promising results. Future multi-omics studies may assist clinicians in improved treatment choices based on CLL subtypes as well as allow the identification of novel biomarkers and targets for treatments.
Collapse
Grants
- P4-0220 Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS (Slovenian Research Agency)
- Dr. Calin is the Felix L. Haas Endowed Professor in Basic Science. Work in G.A.C.’s laboratory is supported by NCI grants 1R01 CA182905-01 and 1R01CA222007-01A1, NIGMS grant 1R01GM122775-01, DoD Idea Award W81XWH-21-1-0030, a Team DOD grant in Gastric Cancer W81XWH-21-1-0715, a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Moonshot Flagship project, a CLL Global Research Foundation 2019 grant, a CLL Global Research Foundation 2020 grant, a CLL Global Research Foundation 2022 grant, The G. Harold & Leila Y. Mathers Foundation, two grants from Torrey Coast Foundation, an Institutional Research Grant and Development Grant associated with the Brain SPORE 2P50CA127001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Turk
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Clinical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eva Čeh
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Tanja Kunej
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shevalev R, Bischof L, Sapegin A, Bunev A, Olga G, Kantin G, Kalinin S, Hartmann MD. Discovery and characterization of potent spiro-isoxazole-based cereblon ligands with a novel binding mode. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116328. [PMID: 38552426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The vast majority of current cereblon (CRBN) ligands is based on the thalidomide scaffold, relying on glutarimide as the core binding moiety. With this architecture, most of these ligands inherit the overall binding mode, interactions with neo-substrates, and thereby potentially also the cytotoxic and teratogenic properties of the parent thalidomide. In this work, by incorporating a spiro-linker to the glutarimide moiety, we have generated a new chemotype that exhibits an unprecedented binding mode for glutarimide-based CRBN ligands. In total, 16 spirocyclic glutarimide derivatives incorporating an isoxazole moiety were synthesized and tested for different criteria. In particular, all ligands showed a favorable lipophilicity, and several were able to outperform the binding affinity of thalidomide as a reference. In addition, all compounds showed favorable cytotoxicity profiles in myeloma cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The novel binding mode, which we determined in co-crystal structures, provides explanations for these improved properties: The incorporation of the spiro-isoxazole changes both the conformation of the glutarimide moiety within the canonical tri-trp pocket and the orientation of the protruding moiety. In this new orientation it forms additional hydrophobic interactions and is not available for direct interactions with the canonical neo-substrates. We therefore propose this chemotype as an attractive building block for the design of PROTACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Shevalev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Luca Bischof
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Sapegin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, Russia
| | - Grigor'eva Olga
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, Russia
| | - Grigory Kantin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav Kalinin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Marcus D Hartmann
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Yang L, Luo A, Liu S, Zhang X, Liu X, Liu X, Luo A, Cai M, Yan Y, Wu X, Huang K, Xu L, Jiang H. IKZF3 polymorphisms contribute to the increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Cancer 2024; 130:973-984. [PMID: 38018448 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. IKZF3 (IKAROS family zinc finger 3) is a hematopoietic-specific transcription factor, and it has been validated that it is involved in leukemia. However, the role of IKZF3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remains unclear. In this case-control study, the authors investigated the association of IKZF3 SNPs with ALL in children. METHODS Six IKZF3 reference SNPs (rs9635726, rs2060941, rs907092, rs12946510, rs1453559, and rs62066988) were genotyped in 692 patients who had ALL (cases) and in 926 controls. The associations between IKZF3 polymorphisms and ALL risk were determined using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The associations of rs9635726 and rs2060941 with the risk of ALL were further estimated by using false-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis. Functional analysis in silico was performed to evaluate the probability that rs9635726 and rs2060941 might influence the regulation of IKZF3. RESULTS The authors observed that rs9635726C>T (adjusted OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.06-2.11; p = .023) and rs2060941G>T (adjusted OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.24-1.84; p = .001) were related to and increased risk of ALL in the recessive and dominant models, respectively. Furthermore, the associations of both rs9635726 (FPRP = .177) and rs2060941 (FPRP < .001) with ALL were noteworthy in the FPRP analysis. Functional analysis indicated that rs9635726 and rs2060941 might repress the transcription of IKZF3 by disrupting its binding to MLLT1, TAF1, POLR2A, and/or RAD21. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that IKZF3 polymorphisms were associated with increased ALL susceptibility in children and might influence the expression of IKZF3 by disrupting its binding to MLLT1, TAF1, POLR2A, and/or RAD21. IKZF3 polymorphisms were suggested as a biomarker for childhood ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Annie Luo
- Victoria College, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ailing Luo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mansi Cai
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuedong Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang L, Peng X, Ma T, Liu J, Yi Z, Bai J, Li Y, Li L, Zhang L. Natural killer cells affect the natural course, drug resistance, and prognosis of multiple myeloma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1359084. [PMID: 38410372 PMCID: PMC10895066 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1359084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a stage-developed plasma cell malignancy, evolves from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering MM (SMM). Emerging therapies including immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen-T/natural killer (NK) cells, bispecific T-cell engagers, selective inhibitors of nuclear export, and small-molecule targeted therapy have considerably improved patient survival. However, MM remains incurable owing to inevitable drug resistance and post-relapse rapid progression. NK cells with germline-encoded receptors are involved in the natural evolution of MGUS/SMM to active MM. NK cells actively recognize aberrant plasma cells undergoing malignant transformation but are yet to proliferate during the elimination phase, a process that has not been revealed in the immune editing theory. They are potential effector cells that have been neglected in the therapeutic process. Herein, we characterized changes in NK cells regarding disease evolution and elucidated its role in the early clinical monitoring of MM. Additionally, we systematically explored dynamic changes in NK cells from treated patients who are in remission or relapse to explore future combination therapy strategies to overcome drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaohuan Peng
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Yi
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liansheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Hematology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Ye M, Hu Z, Lu H, Zheng D, Wu M, Ge T, Xu S, Ge Z, Zhang S, Xu G, Chen H. IKZF3 is a novel prognostic biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A study based on bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33124. [PMID: 36930079 PMCID: PMC10019242 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, immunotherapy of tumors has become an extensive research hotspot, and the value of IKZF family genes in the tumor microenvironment has also been increasingly recognized. However, the expression of the IKAROS family zinc finger 3 (IKZF3) gene in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its prognostic value were not reported for the main subset until now. In the present study, we analyzed the relationship between IKZF3 gene expression and the survival of HNSCC patients. To evaluate the potential of IKZF3 as a prognostic biomarker for HNSCC comprehensively, multiple online analysis tools, including UALCAN, cBioPortal, GEPIA, WebGestalt, String, Genomic Data Commons, and TIMER databases were utilized in our study. We observed that the HNSCC patients with higher IKZF3 expression tended to exhibit longer overall survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that age and grade were independent prognostic indicators in HNSCC. Moreover, Gene Ontology and KEGG function enrichment analyses showed that several pathways in HNSCC might be pivotal pathways regulated by IKZF3, which revealed that IKZF3 was probably participating in the occurrence and development of HNSCC. Furthermore, the hypomethylation of the IKZF3 gene was closely associated with genes that observed mutation in HNSCC. IKZF3 was significantly correlated with several immune cells in HNSCC (e.g., CD8+ T cell, CD4+ cell, and dendritic cell). We explored the potential prognostic values and roles of the IKZF3 in HNSCC, revealing that IKZF3 was probably a novel and reliable prognostic biomarker for patients with HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeyang Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoxuan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dawei Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mi Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Ge
- Department of Respiratory, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Respiratory, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuoni Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guodong Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu C, Wu Q, Yang N, Zheng Z, Zhou F, Zhou Y. Immune Infiltration Characteristics and a Gene Prognostic Signature Associated With the Immune Infiltration in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:848841. [PMID: 35586567 PMCID: PMC9108548 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.848841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has become the new standard of care for recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and PD-L1 is a widely used biomarker for immunotherapeutic response. However, PD-L1 expression in most cancer patients is low, and alternative biomarkers used to screen the population benefiting from immunotherapy are still being explored. Tumor microenvironment (TME), especially tumor immune-infiltrating cells, regulates the body’s immunity, affects the tumor growth, and is expected to be a promising biomarker for immunotherapy. Purpose: This article mainly discussed how the immune-infiltrating cell patterns impacted immunity, thereby affecting HNSCC patients’ prognosis. Method: The immune-infiltrating cell profile was generated by the CIBERSORT algorithm based on the transcriptomic data of HNSCC. Consensus clustering was used to divide groups with different immune cell infiltration patterns. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from the high and low immune cell infiltration (ICI) groups were subjected to Kaplan–Meier and univariate Cox analysis. Significant prognosis-related DEGs were involved in the construction of a prognostic signature using multivariate Cox analysis. Results: In our study, 408 DEGs were obtained from high- and low-ICI groups, and 59 of them were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Stepwise multivariate Cox analysis developed a 16-gene prognostic signature, which could distinguish favorable and poor prognosis of HNSCC patients. An ROC curve and nomogram verified the sensitivity and accuracy of the prognostic signature. The AUC values for 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were 0.712, 0.703, and 0.700, respectively. TCGA-HNSCC cohort, GSE65858 cohort, and an independent GSE41613 cohort proved a similar prognostic significance. Notably, the prognostic signature distinguished the expression of promising immune inhibitory receptors (IRs) well and could predict the response to immunotherapy. Conclusion: We established a tumor immune cell infiltration (TICI)-based 16-gene signature, which could distinguish patients with different prognosis and help predict the response to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhewen Zheng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fuxiang Zhou, ; Yunfeng Zhou,
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fuxiang Zhou, ; Yunfeng Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Lyu S, Gao Z, Zha W, Wang P, Shan Y, He J, Huang S. Identification of Potential Prognostic Biomarkers Associated With Cancerometastasis in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:687979. [PMID: 34367245 PMCID: PMC8337057 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.687979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly aggressive tumor. The mortality and drug resistance among it are high. Thus, exploring predictive biomarkers for prognosis has become a priority. We aimed to find immune cell-based biomarkers for survival prediction. Here 321 genes were differentially expressed in immune-related groups after ESTIMATE analysis and differential analysis. Two hundred nineteen of them were associated with the metastasis of SKCM via weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Twenty-six genes in this module were hub genes. Twelve of the 26 genes were related to overall survival in SKCM patients. After a multivariable Cox regression analysis, we obtained six of these genes (PLA2G2D, IKZF3, MS4A1, ZC3H12D, FCRL3, and P2RY10) that were independent prognostic signatures, and a survival model of them performed excellent predictive efficacy. The results revealed several essential genes that may act as significant prognostic factors of SKCM, which could deepen our understanding of the metastatic mechanisms and improve cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Lyu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Zha
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Shan
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Suyang Huang
- Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Next-Generation Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma: Understanding the Molecular Basis for Potential Use in Diagnosis and Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147470. [PMID: 34299097 PMCID: PMC8305153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered to be the second most common blood malignancy and it is characterized by abnormal proliferation and an accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Although the currently utilized markers in the diagnosis and assessment of MM are showing promising results, the incidence and mortality rate of the disease are still high. Therefore, exploring and developing better diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers have drawn global interest. In the present review, we highlight some of the recently reported and investigated novel biomarkers that have great potentials as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools in MM. These biomarkers include angiogenic markers, miRNAs as well as proteomic and immunological biomarkers. Moreover, we present some of the advanced methodologies that could be utilized in the early and competent diagnosis of MM. The present review also focuses on understanding the molecular concepts and pathways involved in these biomarkers in order to validate and efficiently utilize them. The present review may also help in identifying areas of improvement for better diagnosis and superior outcomes of MM.
Collapse
|
9
|
Awwad MHS, Mahmoud A, Bruns H, Echchannaoui H, Kriegsmann K, Lutz R, Raab MS, Bertsch U, Munder M, Jauch A, Weisel K, Maier B, Weinhold N, Salwender HJ, Eckstein V, Hänel M, Fenk R, Dürig J, Brors B, Benner A, Müller-Tidow C, Goldschmidt H, Hundemer M. Selective elimination of immunosuppressive T cells in patients with multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2021; 35:2602-2615. [PMID: 33597728 PMCID: PMC8410603 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of suppressive T cells may enable and enhance cancer immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate that the cell membrane protein SLAMF7 was highly expressed on immunosuppressive CD8+CD28-CD57+ Tregs in multiple myeloma (MM). SLAMF7 expression associated with T cell exhaustion surface markers and exhaustion-related transcription factor signatures. T cells from patients with a high frequency of SLAMF7+CD8+ T cells exhibited decreased immunoreactivity towards the MART-1aa26-35*A27L antigen. A monoclonal anti-SLAMF7 antibody (elotuzumab) specifically depleted SLAMF7+CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo via macrophage-mediated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). Anti-SLAMF7 treatment of MM patients depleted suppressive T cells in peripheral blood. These data highlight SLAMF7 as a marker for suppressive CD8+ Treg and suggest that anti-SLAMF7 antibodies can be used to boost anti-tumoral immune responses in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. S. Awwad
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdelrahman Mahmoud
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Hematology and Oncology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hakim Echchannaoui
- grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111Third Department of Medicine, University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center (UMC) of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Erlangen, Germany ,German Cancer Consortium (Dktk), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raphael Lutz
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc S. Raab
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Bertsch
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Munder
- grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111Third Department of Medicine, University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center (UMC) of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Jauch
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Weisel
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, University Medical Center of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Maier
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Weinhold
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Volker Eckstein
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Hänel
- grid.459629.50000 0004 0389 4214Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Roland Fenk
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Düsseldorf University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Dürig
- grid.5718.b0000 0001 2187 5445Department of Hematology, Essen University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany ,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg University Hospital, EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Laulajainen‐Hongisto A, Lyly A, Hanif T, Dhaygude K, Kankainen M, Renkonen R, Donner K, Mattila P, Jartti T, Bousquet J, Kauppi P, Toppila‐Salmi S. Genomics of asthma, allergy and chronic rhinosinusitis: novel concepts and relevance in airway mucosa. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:45. [PMID: 33133517 PMCID: PMC7592594 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed several airway disease-associated risk loci. Their role in the onset of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), however, is not yet fully understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate the airway relevance of loci and genes identified in GWAS studies. GWASs were searched from databases, and a list of loci associating significantly (p < 10-8) with asthma, AR and CRS was created. This yielded a total of 267 significantly asthma/AR-associated loci from 31 GWASs. No significant CRS -associated loci were found in this search. A total of 170 protein coding genes were connected to these loci. Of these, 76/170 (44%) showed bronchial epithelial protein expression in stained microscopic figures of Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and 61/170 (36%) had a literature report of having airway epithelial function. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation analyses were performed, and 19 functional protein categories were found as significantly (p < 0.05) enriched among these genes. These were related to cytokine production, cell activation and adaptive immune response, and all were strongly connected in network analysis. We also identified 15 protein pathways that were significantly (p < 0.05) enriched in these genes, related to T-helper cell differentiation, virus infection, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and asthma. A third of GWAS-level risk loci genes of asthma or AR seemed to have airway epithelial functions according to our database and literature searches. In addition, many of the risk loci genes were immunity related. Some risk loci genes also related to metabolism, neuro-musculoskeletal or other functions. Functions overlapped and formed a strong network in our pathway analyses and are worth future studies of biomarker and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Laulajainen‐Hongisto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalP.O.Box 263Kasarmikatu 11‐1300029 HUSHelsinkiFinland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular ImmunologyInstitute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Annina Lyly
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalP.O.Box 263Kasarmikatu 11‐1300029 HUSHelsinkiFinland
- Skin and Allergy HospitalUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | | | | | - Matti Kankainen
- HUS Diagnostic CenterHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Hematology Research Unit HelsinkiDepartment of HematologyHelsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer CenterHelsinkiFinland
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical ChemistryUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Risto Renkonen
- Haartman InstituteUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- HUS Diagnostic CenterHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Kati Donner
- Hematology Research Unit HelsinkiDepartment of HematologyHelsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer CenterHelsinkiFinland
| | - Pirkko Mattila
- Haartman InstituteUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Hematology Research Unit HelsinkiDepartment of HematologyHelsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer CenterHelsinkiFinland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Université MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- MACVIA‐FranceMontpellierFrance
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität Zu BerlinBerlin Institute of HealthComprehensive Allergy CenterDepartment of Dermatology and AllergyCharité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Paula Kauppi
- Skin and Allergy HospitalUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Sanna Toppila‐Salmi
- Skin and Allergy HospitalUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Haartman InstituteUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lindquist Liljeqvist M, Hultgren R, Bergman O, Villard C, Kronqvist M, Eriksson P, Roy J. Tunica-Specific Transcriptome of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and the Effect of Intraluminal Thrombus, Smoking, and Diameter Growth Rate. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2700-2713. [PMID: 32907367 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is no medical treatment to prevent abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth and rupture, both of which are linked to smoking. Our objective was to map the tunica-specific pathophysiology of AAA with consideration of the intraluminal thrombus, age, and sex, and to subsequently identify which mechanisms were linked to smoking and diameter growth rate. Approach and Results: Microarray analyses were performed on 246 samples from 76 AAA patients and 13 controls. In media and adventitia, there were 5889 and 2701 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Gene sets related to adaptive and innate immunity were upregulated in both tunicas. Media-specific gene sets included increased matrix disassembly and angiogenesis, as well as decreased muscle cell development, contraction, and differentiation. Genes implicated in previous genome-wide association studies were dysregulated in media. The intraluminal thrombus had a pro-proteolytic and proinflammatory effect on the underlying media. Active smoking resulted in increased inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis in all tissues and enriched lipid metabolism in adventitia. Processes enriched with active smoking in control aortas overlapped to a high extent with those differentially expressed between AAAs and controls. The AAA diameter growth rate (n=24) correlated with T- and B-cell expression in media, as well as lipid-related processes in the adventitia. CONCLUSIONS This tunica-specific analysis of gene expression in a large study enabled the detection of features not previously described in AAA disease. Smoking was associated with increased expression of aneurysm-related processes, of which adaptive immunity and lipid metabolism correlated with growth rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lindquist Liljeqvist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (M.L.L., R.H., C.V., M.K., J.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (M.L.L., R.H., C.V., M.K., J.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (R.H., J.R.)
| | - Otto Bergman
- Department of Medicine (O.B., P.E.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Villard
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (M.L.L., R.H., C.V., M.K., J.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Kronqvist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (M.L.L., R.H., C.V., M.K., J.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Eriksson
- Department of Medicine (O.B., P.E.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joy Roy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (M.L.L., R.H., C.V., M.K., J.R.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (R.H., J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abdulkarim H, Zourob M, Siaj M. Development of Label-Free Impedimetric Immunosensors for IKZF1 and IKZF3 Femtomolar Detection for Monitoring Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Lenalidomide. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10424. [PMID: 32591583 PMCID: PMC7320141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) used to treat multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Lenalidomide destroys MM cells by inducing ubiquitination and the consequent degradation of Ikaros family zinc finger proteins 1 and 3 (IKZF1 and IKZF3). High expression of IKZF1 and IKZF3 in MM results in less sensitivity to lenalidomide treatment and possible cytotoxic effect. Therefore, detecting the expression of IKZF1 and IKZF3 proteins is of utmost importance in the treatment of MM. Here, we report the fabrication of a novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the rapid detection and quantification of IKZF1 and IKZF3 using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Gold electrodes were used to fabricate the immunosensors by immobilizing IKZF1 and IKZF3 specific antibodies using cysteamine and PDITC crosslinkers. The immunosensors were able to detect IKZF1 and IKZF3 protein levels with respective low detection limits of 0.68 and 0.97 pg/ml (11.8 and 16.7 fM). Furthermore, the immunosensors’ successful application in human serum and their high selectivity and sensitivity enables their possible application in other biofluids as simple point-of-care devices for monitoring multiple myeloma patients treated with lenalidomide, to prevent the drug’s cytotoxicity and minimize its side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haya Abdulkarim
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, H3C 3P8, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia.,King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Riyadh, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Siaj
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, H3C 3P8, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ridley ML, Fleskens V, Roberts CA, Lalnunhlimi S, Alnesf A, O'Byrne AM, Steel KJA, Povoleri GAM, Sumner J, Lavender P, Taams LS. IKZF3/Aiolos Is Associated with but Not Sufficient for the Expression of IL-10 by CD4 + T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:2940-2948. [PMID: 32321757 PMCID: PMC7231851 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 by CD4+ T cells is indispensable for immune homeostasis, as it allows T cells to moderate their effector function. We previously showed that TNF-α blockade during T cell stimulation in CD4+ T cell/monocyte cocultures resulted in maintenance of IL-10-producing T cells and identified IKZF3 as a putative regulator of IL-10. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that IKZF3 is a transcriptional regulator of IL-10 using a human CD4+ T cell-only culture system. IL-10+ CD4+ T cells expressed the highest levels of IKZF3 both ex vivo and after activation compared with IL-10-CD4+ T cells. Pharmacological targeting of IKZF3 with the drug lenalidomide showed that IKZF3 is required for anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-mediated induction of IL-10 but is dispensable for ex vivo IL-10 expression. However, overexpression of IKZF3 was unable to upregulate IL-10 at the mRNA or protein level in CD4+ T cells and did not drive the transcription of the IL10 promoter or putative local enhancer constructs. Collectively, these data indicate that IKZF3 is associated with but not sufficient for IL-10 expression in CD4+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Ridley
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Veerle Fleskens
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri A Roberts
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvine Lalnunhlimi
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Aldana Alnesf
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Aoife M O'Byrne
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn J A Steel
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni A M Povoleri
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Sumner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Paul Lavender
- MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Leonie S Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou E, Gavriatopoulou M, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Kastritis E, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA. Elotuzumab in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:921-928. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1685879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios A Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|