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Simoni OD, Scarpa M, Castagliuolo I, Stepanyan A, Angriman I, Kotsafti A, Nacci C, Scognamiglio F, Negro S, D'Angelo A, Chiminazzo V, Businello G, Ruffolo C, Salmaso R, Franzato B, Gruppo M, Pilati P, Scapinello A, Pozza A, Stecca T, Massani M, Cataldo I, Brignola S, Dei Tos AP, Ceccon C, Guzzardo V, Vignotto C, Facci L, Maretto I, Agostini M, Marchegiani F, Becherucci G, Zizzo M, Bordignon G, Merenda R, Pirozzolo G, Recordare A, Pozza G, Godina M, Mondi I, Verdi D, Lio CD, Laurino L, Saadeh L, Rivella G, Guerriero S, Romiti C, Portale G, Cipollari C, Spolverato YC, Noaro G, Cola R, Candioli S, Gavagna L, Ricagna F, Ortenzi M, Guerrieri M, Tagliente G, Tomassi M, Tedeschi U, Salmaso B, Buzzi G, Parini D, Prando D, Zuin M, Bergamo F, Zagonel V, Porzionato A, Cavallin F, Camillo BD, Cristoforo LD, Bao QR, Pucciarelli S, Bardini R, Spolverato G, Fassan M, Scarpa M. IMMUNOREACT 7: Regular aspirin use is associated with immune surveillance activation in colorectal cancer. Cancer 2024; 130:2272-2286. [PMID: 38644692 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term daily use of aspirin reduces incidence and mortality due to colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to analyze the effect of aspirin on the tumor microenvironment, systemic immunity, and on the healthy mucosa surrounding cancer. METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of CRC operated on from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed (METACCRE cohort). Expression of mRNA of immune surveillance-related genes (PD-L1, CD80, CD86, HLA I, and HLA II) in CRC primary cells treated with aspirin were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus-deposited public database (GSE76583). The experiment was replicated in cell lines. The mucosal immune microenvironment of a subgroup of patients participating in the IMMUNOREACT1 (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04915326) project was analyzed with immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. RESULTS In the METACCRE Cohort, 12% of 238 patients analyzed were aspirin users. Nodal metastasis was significantly less frequent (p = .008) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte infiltration was higher (p = .02) among aspirin users. In the CRC primary cells and selected cell lines, CD80 mRNA expression was increased following aspirin treatment (p = .001). In the healthy mucosa surrounding rectal cancer, the ratio of CD8/CD3 and epithelial cells expressing CD80 was higher in aspirin users (p = .027 and p = .034, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that regular aspirin use may have an active role in enhancing immunosurveillance against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Camilla Nacci
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Negro
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mario Gruppo
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Pozza
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Tommaso Stecca
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Marco Massani
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Ivana Cataldo
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Stefano Brignola
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Facci
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Merenda
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Pozza
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Godina
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Isabella Mondi
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Daunia Verdi
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Corrado Da Lio
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Licia Laurino
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Luca Saadeh
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Giulia Noaro
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 6 Euganea, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Cola
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 6 Euganea, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Gavagna
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 1 Dolomiti, Belluno, Italy
| | - Fabio Ricagna
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 1 Dolomiti, Belluno, Italy
| | - Monica Ortenzi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Guerrieri
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianluca Buzzi
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 5 Polesana, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Dario Parini
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 5 Polesana, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Daniela Prando
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 5 Polesana, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Matteo Zuin
- Azienda Unità Socio-Sanitaria Locale 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Romeo Bardini
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Fassan
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Scarpa
- Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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Ding Y, Jiang Y, Zeng H, Zhou M, Zhou X, Yu Z, Pan J, Geng X, Zhu Y, Zheng H, Huang S, Gong Y, Huang H, Xiong C, Huang D. Identification of a robust biomarker LAPTM4A for glioma based on comprehensive computational biology and experimental verification. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6954-6989. [PMID: 38613802 PMCID: PMC11087115 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma, a highly invasive and deadly form of human neoplasm, presents a pressing need for the exploration of potential therapeutic targets. While the lysosomal protein transmembrane 4A (LATPM4A) has been identified as a risk factor in pancreatic cancer patients, its role in glioma remains unexplored. METHODS The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG) was conducted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma dataset and the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the key glioma-related genes were identified. Among these, by using Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis and univariate/multivariate COX methods, LAPTM4A emerged as the most influential gene. Moreover, the bioinformatics methods and experimental verification were employed to analyze its relationships with diagnosis, clinical parameters, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy, drug sensitivity, and ceRNA network. RESULTS Our findings revealed that LAPTM4A was up-regulated in gliomas and was associated with clinicopathological features, leading to poor prognosis. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that LATPM4A played a role in the immune system and cancer progression. In vitro experiments indicated that LAPTM4A may influence metastasis through the EMT pathway in glioma. Additionally, we found that LAPTM4A was associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy. Notably, drug sensitivity analysis revealed that patients with high LAPTM4A expression were sensitive to doxorubicin, which contributed to a reduction in LAPTM4A expression. Finally, we uncovered the FGD5-AS1-hsa-miR-103a-3p-LAPTM4A axis as a facilitator of glioma progression. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study identifies LATPM4A as a promising biomarker for prognosis and immune characteristics in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Ding
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yike Jiang
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Minqin Zhou
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xuanrui Zhou
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zichuan Yu
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jingying Pan
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xitong Geng
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shuhan Huang
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yiyang Gong
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Huabin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chengfeng Xiong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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Chen Z, Zeng L, Chen Z, Xu J, Zhang X, Ying H, Zeng Y, Yu F. Combined OLA1 and CLEC3B Gene Is a Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Impact Tumor Progression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241241935. [PMID: 38564315 PMCID: PMC11007312 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241241935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), partly because of its complexity and high heterogeneity, has a poor prognosis and an extremely high mortality rate. In this study, mRNA sequencing expression profiles and relevant clinical data of HCC patients were gathered from different public databases. Kaplan-Meier survival curves as well as ROC curves validated that OLA1|CLEC3B was an independent predictor with better predictive capability of HCC prognosis compared to OLA1 and CLEC3B separately. Further, the cell transfection experiment verified that knockdown of OLA1 inhibited cell proliferation, facilitated apoptosis, and improved sensitivity of HCC cells to gemcitabine. In this study, the prognostic model of HCC composed of OLA1/CLEC3B genes was constructed and verified, and the prediction ability was favorable. A higher level of OLA1 along with a lower level of CEC3B is a sign of poor prognosis in HCC. We revealed a novel gene pair OLA1|CLEC3B overexpressed in HCC patients, which may serve as a promising independent predictor of HCC survival and an approach for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoufeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liuwei Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuoyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huiya Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Alaseem AM. Advancements in MDM2 inhibition: Clinical and pre-clinical investigations of combination therapeutic regimens. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101790. [PMID: 37818252 PMCID: PMC10561124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often depend on multiple pathways for their growth and survival, resulting in therapeutic resistance and the limited effectiveness of treatments. Combination therapy has emerged as a favorable approach to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize acquired resistance and harmful side effects. The murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein regulates cellular proliferation and promotes cancer-related activities by negatively regulating the tumor suppressor protein p53. MDM2 aberrations have been reported in a variety of human cancers, making it an appealing target for cancer therapy. As a result, several small-molecule MDM2 inhibitors have been developed and are currently being investigated in clinical studies. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the inhibition of MDM2 alone is inadequate to achieve long-term suppression of tumor growth, thus prompting the need for further investigation into combination therapeutic strategies. In this review, possible clinical and preclinical MDM2 combination inhibitor regimens are thoroughly analyzed and discussed. It provides a rationale for combining MDM2 inhibitors with other therapeutic approaches in the management of cancer, taking into consideration ongoing clinical trials that evaluate the combination of MDM2 inhibitors. The review explores the current status of MDM2 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy or targeted therapy, as well as promising approach of combining MDM2 inhibitors with immunotherapy. In addition, it investigates the function of PROTACs as MDM2 degraders in cancer treatment. A comprehensive examination of these combination regimens highlights the potential for advancing MDM2-inhibitor therapy and improving clinical outcomes for cancer patients and establishes the foundation for future research and development in this promising area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Alaseem
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Klapp V, Álvarez-Abril B, Leuzzi G, Kroemer G, Ciccia A, Galluzzi L. The DNA Damage Response and Inflammation in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1521-1545. [PMID: 37026695 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Genomic stability in normal cells is crucial to avoid oncogenesis. Accordingly, multiple components of the DNA damage response (DDR) operate as bona fide tumor suppressor proteins by preserving genomic stability, eliciting the demise of cells with unrepairable DNA lesions, and engaging cell-extrinsic oncosuppression via immunosurveillance. That said, DDR sig-naling can also favor tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Indeed, DDR signaling in cancer cells has been consistently linked to the inhibition of tumor-targeting immune responses. Here, we discuss the complex interactions between the DDR and inflammation in the context of oncogenesis, tumor progression, and response to therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that DDR is intimately connected to the emission of immunomodulatory signals by normal and malignant cells, as part of a cell-extrinsic program to preserve organismal homeostasis. DDR-driven inflammation, however, can have diametrically opposed effects on tumor-targeting immunity. Understanding the links between the DDR and inflammation in normal and malignant cells may unlock novel immunotherapeutic paradigms to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Klapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Tumor Stroma Interactions, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Beatriz Álvarez-Abril
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, New York
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6
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Stieg DC, Parris JLD, Yang THL, Mirji G, Reiser SK, Murali N, Werts M, Barnoud T, Lu DY, Shinde R, Murphy ME, Claiborne DT. The African-centric P47S Variant of TP53 Confers Immune Dysregulation and Impaired Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1200-1211. [PMID: 37441266 PMCID: PMC10335007 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in cancer and is mutationally inactivated in 50% of sporadic tumors. Inactivating mutations in TP53 also occur in Li Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). In addition to germline mutations in TP53 in LFS that completely inactivate this protein, there are many more germline mutant forms of TP53 in human populations that partially inactivate this protein: we call these partially inactivating mutations "hypomorphs." One of these hypomorphs is a SNP that exists in 6%-10% of Africans and 1%-2% of African Americans, which changes proline at amino acid 47 to serine (Pro47Ser; P47S). We previously showed that the P47S variant of p53 is intrinsically impaired for tumor suppressor function, and that this SNP is associated with increased cancer risk in mice and humans. Here we show that this SNP also influences the tumor microenvironment, and the immune microenvironment profile in P47S mice is more protumorigenic. At basal levels, P47S mice show impaired memory T-cell formation and function, along with increased anti-inflammatory (so-called "M2") macrophages. We show that in tumor-bearing P47S mice, there is an increase in immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells and decreased numbers of activated dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells, along with evidence for increased T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we show that P47S mice demonstrate an incomplete response to anti-PD-L1 therapy. Our combined data suggest that the African-centric P47S variant leads to both intrinsic and extrinsic defects in tumor suppression. Significance Findings presented here show that the P47S variant of TP53 influences the immune microenvironment, and the immune response to cancer. This is the first time that a naturally occurring genetic variant of TP53 has been shown to negatively impact the immune microenvironment and the response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Stieg
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua L. D. Parris
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tyler Hong Loong Yang
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gauri Mirji
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Kim Reiser
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nivitha Murali
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Madison Werts
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thibaut Barnoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - David Y. Lu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rahul Shinde
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen E. Murphy
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel T. Claiborne
- Program in Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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7
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Spolverato G, Fassan M, Capelli G, Scarpa M, Negro S, Chiminazzo V, Kotsafti A, Angriman I, Campi M, De Simoni O, Ruffolo C, Astghik S, Vignotto C, Scognamiglio F, Becherucci G, Rivella G, Marchegiani F, Facci L, Bergamo F, Brignola S, Businello G, Guzzardo V, Dal Santo L, Salmaso R, Massani M, Pozza A, Cataldo I, Stecca T, Dei Tos AP, Zagonel V, Pilati P, Franzato B, Scapinello A, Pirozzolo G, Recordare A, Merenda R, Bordignon G, Guerriero S, Romiti C, Portale G, Cipollari C, Zizzo M, Porzionato A, Agostini M, Cavallin F, Di Camillo B, Bardini R, Maretto I, Castagliuolo I, Pucciarelli S, Scarpa M. IMMUNOREACT 5: female patients with rectal cancer have better immune editing mechanisms than male patients – a cohort study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:323-332. [PMID: 37093072 PMCID: PMC10389582 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies evaluating sex differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor microenvironment are limited, and no previous study has focused on rectal cancer patients' constitutive immune surveillance mechanisms. The authors aimed to assess gender-related differences in the immune microenvironment of rectal cancer patients. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted up to 31 May 2021, including studies focusing on gender-related differences in the CRC tumor microenvironment. Data on the mutational profile of rectal cancer were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A subanalysis of the two IMMUNOREACT trials (NCT04915326 and NCT04917263) was performed, aiming to detect gender-related differences in the immune microenvironment of the healthy mucosa in patients with early (IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort) and locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy (IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort). In the retrospective IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort (therapy naive), the authors enrolled 442 patients (177 female and 265 male), while in the retrospective IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort (patients who had neoadjuvant therapy), we enrolled 264 patients (80 female and 184 male). In the prospective IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort (therapy naive), the authors enrolled 72 patients (26 female and 46 male), while in the prospective IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort (patients who had neoadjuvant therapy), the authors enrolled 105 patients (42 female and 63 male). RESULTS Seven studies reported PD-L1 expression in the CRC microenvironment, but no significant difference could be identified between the sexes. In the TGCA series, mutations of SYNE1 and RYR2 were significantly more frequent in male patients with rectal cancer. In the IMMUNOREACT 1 cohort, male patients had a higher expression of epithelial cells expressing HLA class I, while female patients had a higher number of activated CD4+Th1 cells. Female patients in the IMMUNOREACT 2 cohort showed a higher infiltration of epithelial cells expressing CD86 and activated cytotoxic T cells (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Male patients have more frequent oncogene mutations associated with a lower expression of T-cell activation genes. In the healthy mucosa of female patients, more Th1 cells and cytotoxic T cells suggest a potentially better immune response to the tumor. Sex should be considered when defining the treatment strategy for rectal cancer patients or designing prognostic scores.
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Beckinger S, Daunke T, Aldag L, Krüger S, Heckl S, Wesch D, Schäfer H, Röcken C, Rahn S, Sebens S. Hepatic myofibroblasts exert immunosuppressive effects independent of the immune checkpoint regulator PD-L1 in liver metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1160824. [PMID: 37207152 PMCID: PMC10189124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1160824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents the 4th most common cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, often already with metastases. The main site of metastasis is the liver and hepatic myofibroblasts (HMF) play a pivotal role in metastatic outgrowth. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) improved treatment of several cancers but not of PDAC. Therefore, this study aimed to better understand the impact of HMF on PD-L1 expression and immune evasion of PDAC cells during liver metastasis. Methods Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded biopsy samples or diagnostic resection specimens from liver metastases of 15 PDAC patients were used for immunohistochemical analyses. Serial sections were stained with antibodies directed against Pan-Cytokeratin, αSMA, CD8, and PD-L1. To investigate whether the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and HMF contribute to immune escape of PDAC liver metastases, a stroma enriched 3D spheroid coculture model was established in vitro, using two different PDAC cell lines, HMF, and CD8+ T cells. Here, functional and flow cytometry analyses were conducted. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissue sections of PDAC patients revealed that HMF represent an abundant stroma population in liver metastases, with clear differences in the spatial distribution in small (1500 µm) and large (> 1500 μm) metastases. In the latter, PD-L1 expression was mainly located at the invasion front or evenly distributed, while small metastases either lacked PD-L1 expression or showed mostly weak expression in the center. Double stainings revealed that PD-L1 is predominantly expressed by stromal cells, especially HMF. Small liver metastases with no or low PD-L1 expression comprised more CD8+ T cells in the tumor center, while large metastases exhibiting stronger PD-L1 expression comprised less CD8+ T cells being mostly located at the invasion front. HMF-enriched spheroid cocultures with different ratios of PDAC cells and HMF well mimicking conditions of hepatic metastases in situ. Here, HMF impaired the release of effector molecules by CD8+ T cells and the induction of PDAC cell death, an effect that was dependent on the amount of HMF but also of PDAC cells. ICI treatment led to elevated secretion of distinct CD8+ T cell effector molecules but did not increase PDAC cell death under either spheroid condition. Conclusion Our findings indicate a spatial reorganization of HMF, CD8+ T cells, and PD-L1 expression during progression of PDAC liver metastases. Furthermore, HMF potently impair the effector phenotype of CD8+ T cells but the PD-L1/PD-1 axis apparently plays a minor role in this scenario suggesting that immune evasion of PDAC liver metastases relies on other immunosuppressive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Beckinger
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tina Daunke
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Leon Aldag
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Krüger
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Steffen Heckl
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Wesch
- Institute of Immunology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Rahn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Susanne Sebens,
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9
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Shahbandi A, Chiu FY, Ungerleider NA, Kvadas R, Mheidly Z, Sun MJS, Tian D, Waizman DA, Anderson AY, Machado HL, Pursell ZF, Rao SG, Jackson JG. Breast cancer cells survive chemotherapy by activating targetable immune-modulatory programs characterized by PD-L1 or CD80. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1513-1533. [PMID: 36482233 PMCID: PMC9923777 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer cells must avoid intrinsic and extrinsic cell death to relapse following chemotherapy. Entering senescence enables survival from mitotic catastrophe, apoptosis and nutrient deprivation, but mechanisms of immune evasion are poorly understood. Here we show that breast tumors surviving chemotherapy activate complex programs of immune modulation. Characterization of residual disease revealed distinct tumor cell populations. The first population was characterized by interferon response genes, typified by Cd274, whose expression required chemotherapy to enhance chromatin accessibility, enabling recruitment of IRF1 transcription factor. A second population was characterized by p53 signaling, typified by CD80 expression. Treating mammary tumors with chemotherapy followed by targeting the PD-L1 and/or CD80 axes resulted in marked accumulation of T cells and improved response; however, even combination strategies failed to fully eradicate tumors in the majority of cases. Our findings reveal the challenge of eliminating residual disease populated by senescent cells expressing redundant immune inhibitory pathways and highlight the need for rational immune targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Shahbandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Fang-Yen Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nathan A Ungerleider
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Raegan Kvadas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zeinab Mheidly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Meijuan J S Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Daniel A Waizman
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ashlyn Y Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Heather L Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zachary F Pursell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sonia G Rao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - James G Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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10
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Fathi M, Razavi SM, Sojoodi M, Ahmadi A, Ebrahimi F, Namdar A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Gholamin S, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Targeting the CTLA-4/B7 axes in glioblastoma: preclinical evidence and clinical interventions. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:949-961. [PMID: 36527817 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2160703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is one of the fatal cancers of the Central Nervous System (CNS). A variety of reasons exist for why previous immunotherapy strategies, especially Immune Checkpoint Blockers (ICBs), did not work in treating GBM patients. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a key immune checkpoint receptor. Its overexpression in cancer and immune cells causes tumor cell progression. CTLA-4 suppresses anti-tumor responses inside the GBM tumor-immune microenvironment. AREAS COVERED It has been attempted to explain the immunobiology of CTLA-4 as well as its interaction with different immune cells and cancer cells that lead to GBM progression. Additionally, CTLA-4 targeting studies have been reviewed and CTLA-4 combination therapy, as a promising therapeutic target and strategy for GBM immunotherapy, is recommended. EXPERT OPINION CTLA-4 could be a possible supplement for future cancer immunotherapies of GBM. However, many challenges remain such as the high toxicity of CTLA-4 blockers, and the unresponsiveness of most patients to immunotherapy. For the future clinical success of CTLA-4 blocker therapy, combination approaches with other targeted treatments would be a potentially effective strategy. Going forward, predictive biomarkers can be used to reduce trial timelines and increase the chance of success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Fathi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mostafa Razavi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Farbod Ebrahimi
- Nanoparticle Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sharareh Gholamin
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Lopatina T, Sarcinella A, Brizzi MF. Tumour Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Challenging Target to Blunt Tumour Immune Evasion. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14164020. [PMID: 36011012 PMCID: PMC9406972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumour onset and development occur because of specific immune support. The immune system, which is originally able to perceive and eliminate incipient cancer cells, becomes suppressed and hijacked by cancer. For these purposes, tumour cells use extracellular vesicles (TEVs). Specific molecular composition allows TEVs to reprogram immune cells towards tumour tolerance. Circulating TEVs move from their site of origin to other organs, preparing “a fertile soil” for metastasis formation. This implies that TEV molecular content can provide a valuable tool for cancer biomarker discovery and potential targets to reshape the immune system into tumour recognition and eradication. Abstract Control of the immune response is crucial for tumour onset and progression. Tumour cells handle the immune reaction by means of secreted factors and extracellular vesicles (EV). Tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (TEV) play key roles in immune reprogramming by delivering their cargo to different immune cells. Tumour-surrounding tissues also contribute to tumour immune editing and evasion, tumour progression, and drug resistance via locally released TEV. Moreover, the increase in circulating TEV has suggested their underpinning role in tumour dissemination. This review brings together data referring to TEV-driven immune regulation and antitumour immune suppression. Attention was also dedicated to TEV-mediated drug resistance.
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12
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Zhang Q, Gao C, Shao J, Zhang S, Wang P, Wang Z. Molecular and Clinical Characterization of CD80 Expression via Large-Scale Analysis in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869877. [PMID: 35814211 PMCID: PMC9257272 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a novel promising therapy option for cancer patients. Despite the critical role of CD80 in the regulation of immune responses, the expression and biological functions of CD80 in breast cancer remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of CD80 both clinically and molecularly in breast cancer at a transcriptome level. Herein, we first analyzed the transcriptome profile and relevant clinical information derived from a total of 1090 breast cancer patients recorded in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and then validated this in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) database (n = 1904). We revealed the associations of CD80 and the main molecular and clinical characteristics of breast cancer. The gene ontology analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis of the CD80-related genes revealed that CD80 was closely correlated with immune responses and inflammatory activities in breast cancer. Moreover, the CD80 expression showed a remarkable positive correlation with several infiltrated immune cell populations. In summary, the CD80 expression was closely correlated with the malignancy of breast cancer, and our findings suggest that CD80 might be a promising target for immunotherapeutic strategies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first integrative study characterizing the role of the CD80 expression in breast cancer via large-scale analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Thyroid and Breast Department III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Chaowei Gao
- Breast Surgery Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Thyroid and Breast Department III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shengze Zhang
- Thyroid and Breast Department III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Thyroid and Breast Department III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zunyi Wang
- Thyroid and Breast Department III, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Targeting oncogene and non-oncogene addiction to inflame the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:440-462. [PMID: 35292771 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the clinical management of multiple tumours. However, only a few patients respond to ICIs, which has generated considerable interest in the identification of resistance mechanisms. One such mechanism reflects the ability of various oncogenic pathways, as well as stress response pathways required for the survival of transformed cells (a situation commonly referred to as 'non-oncogene addiction'), to support tumour progression not only by providing malignant cells with survival and/or proliferation advantages, but also by establishing immunologically 'cold' tumour microenvironments (TMEs). Thus, both oncogene and non-oncogene addiction stand out as promising targets to robustly inflame the TME and potentially enable superior responses to ICIs.
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14
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Batoon L, McCauley LK. Cross Talk Between Macrophages and Cancer Cells in the Bone Metastatic Environment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:763846. [PMID: 34803925 PMCID: PMC8597897 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeleton is a common site for cancer metastases with the bone microenvironment providing the appropriate conditions for cancer cell colonization. Once in bone, cancer cells effectively manipulate their microenvironment to support their growth and survival. Despite previous efforts to improve treatment modalities, skeletal metastases remain with poor prognoses. This warrants an improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to bone metastasis that will aid development of effective treatments. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment are termed tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and their crosstalk with cancer cells is critical in regulating tumorigenicity in multiple cancers. In bone metastases, this crosstalk is also being increasingly implicated but the specific signaling pathways remain incompletely understood. Here, we summarize the reported functions, interactions, and signaling of macrophages with cancer cells during the metastatic cascade to bone. Specifically, we review and discuss how these specific interactions impact macrophages and their profiles to promote tumor development. We also discuss the potential of targeting this crosstalk to inhibit disease progression. Finally, we identify the remaining knowledge gaps that will need to be addressed in order to fully consider therapeutic targeting to improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Batoon
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Bones and Immunology Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laurie K. McCauley
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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