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Liu T, Yao W, Sun W, Yuan Y, Liu C, Liu X, Wang X, Jiang H. Components, Formulations, Deliveries, and Combinations of Tumor Vaccines. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38979917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines, an important part of immunotherapy, prevent cancer or kill existing tumor cells by activating or restoring the body's own immune system. Currently, various formulations of tumor vaccines have been developed, including cell vaccines, tumor cell membrane vaccines, tumor DNA vaccines, tumor mRNA vaccines, tumor polypeptide vaccines, virus-vectored tumor vaccines, and tumor-in-situ vaccines. There are also multiple delivery systems for tumor vaccines, such as liposomes, cell membrane vesicles, viruses, exosomes, and emulsions. In addition, to decrease the risk of tumor immune escape and immune tolerance that may exist with a single tumor vaccine, combination therapy of tumor vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, CAR-T therapy, or photoimmunotherapy is an effective strategy. Given the critical role of tumor vaccines in immunotherapy, here, we look back to the history of tumor vaccines, and we discuss the antigens, adjuvants, formulations, delivery systems, mechanisms, combination therapy, and future directions of tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yihan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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Song N, Cui K, Zeng L, Fan Y, Wang Z, Shi P, Su W, Wang H. Calpain 8 as a potential biomarker regulates the progression of pancreatic cancer via EMT and AKT/ERK pathway. J Proteomics 2024; 301:105182. [PMID: 38697284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Calpain is a non-lysozyme, calcium-dependent intracellular cysteine protease that has been shown to play a role in tumor proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of calpain expression is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, the role of calpain-8 (CAPN8), as a member of the calpain family, in pancreatic cancer (PC) is remains unclear. In elucidating the mechanism of CAPN8 in PC, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments were conducted. The TCGA database was used to explore the expression level of CAPN8, and the results in PC tissues and cell lines were verified. Then, the correlation between CAPN8 and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Additionaly, promoter methylation, immune infiltration, and GO/KEGG enrichment analyses were performed. Lastly, the molecular mechanism of CAPN8 in PC was investigated by using cell counting kit (CCK) 8, transwell, wound healing, Western blot assays, and so on. Results indicate that CAPN8 was highly expressed in PC and correlated with poor prognosis and advanced TNM stage. In addition, a low level of immune infiltration was closely associated with the high expression level of CAPN8. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that CAPN8 is a potential biomarker that regulates progression of PC via EMT and the AKT/ERK pathway. SIGNIFICANCE: Through comprehensive biological information and in vitro experiments, CAPN8 has been confirmed to play an important role in regulating pancreatic cancer (PC) proliferation, migration and invasion. CAPN8 is found to be closely related to the diagnosis, survival and prognosis of PC. Above all, CAPN8 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Song
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Liqun Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yanwu Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Pingyu Shi
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China.
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China; Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China.
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Maroui MA, Odongo GA, Mundo L, Manara F, Mure F, Fusil F, Jay A, Gheit T, Michailidis TM, Ferrara D, Leoncini L, Murray P, Manet E, Ohlmann T, De Boevre M, De Saeger S, Cosset FL, Lazzi S, Accardi R, Herceg Z, Gruffat H, Khoueiry R. Aflatoxin B1 and Epstein-Barr virus-induced CCL22 expression stimulates B cell infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314426121. [PMID: 38574017 PMCID: PMC11032484 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314426121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the adult population worldwide. EBV infection is associated with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) though alone is not sufficient to induce carcinogenesis implying the involvement of co-factors. BL is endemic in African regions faced with mycotoxins exposure. Exposure to mycotoxins and oncogenic viruses has been shown to increase cancer risks partly through the deregulation of the immune response. A recent transcriptome profiling of B cells exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) revealed an upregulation of the Chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) expression although the underlying mechanisms were not investigated. Here, we tested whether mycotoxins and EBV exposure may together contribute to endemic BL (eBL) carcinogenesis via immunomodulatory mechanisms involving CCL22. Our results revealed that B cells exposure to AFB1 and EBV synergistically stimulated CCL22 secretion via the activation of Nuclear Factor-kappa B pathway. By expressing EBV latent genes in B cells, we revealed that elevated levels of CCL22 result not only from the expression of the latent membrane protein LMP1 as previously reported but also from the expression of other viral latent genes. Importantly, CCL22 overexpression resulting from AFB1-exposure in vitro increased EBV infection through the activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway. Moreover, inhibiting CCL22 in vitro and in humanized mice in vivo limited EBV infection and decreased viral genes expression, supporting the notion that CCL22 overexpression plays an important role in B cell infection. These findings unravel new mechanisms that may underpin eBL development and identify novel pathways that can be targeted in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Maroui
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Grace Akinyi Odongo
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Lucia Mundo
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Bernal Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, LimerickV94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena53100, Italy
| | - Francesca Manara
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Fabrice Mure
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Floriane Fusil
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Antonin Jay
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Thanos M. Michailidis
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
| | - Domenico Ferrara
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena53100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena53100, Italy
| | - Paul Murray
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Bernal Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, LimerickV94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Evelyne Manet
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Théophile Ohlmann
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent9000, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng2028, South Africa
| | - François-Loïc Cosset
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Stefano Lazzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena53100, Italy
| | - Rosita Accardi
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Henri Gruffat
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
| | - Rita Khoueiry
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon69366 Cedex 07, France
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Liu Y, Li S, Chen L, Lin L, Xu C, Qiu H, Li X, Cao H, Liu K. Global trends in tumor microenvironment-related research on tumor vaccine: a review and bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341596. [PMID: 38380323 PMCID: PMC10876793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor vaccines have become crucial in cancer immunotherapy, but, only a limited number of phase III clinical trials have demonstrated clinical efficacy. The crux of this issue is the inability of tumor vaccines to effectively harmonize the tumor microenvironment with its intricate interplay. One factor that can hinder the effectiveness of vaccines is the natural immunosuppressive element present in the tumor microenvironment. This element can lead to low rates of T-cell response specific to antigens and the development of acquired resistance. Conversely, anticancer vaccines alter the tumor microenvironment in conflicting manners, inducing both immune activation and immunological evasion. Hence, comprehending the correlation between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment would establish a foundation for forthcoming tumor treatment. Objective Our review explores the realm of research pertaining to tumor vaccinations and the tumor microenvironment. Our objective is to investigate the correlation between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment within this domain. We then focus our review on the dominant international paradigms in this research field and visually illustrates the historical progression and emergent patterns observed in the past. Methods From January 1, 1999 to February 7, 2023, 1420 articles on the interplay between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment were published, according to The Clarivate Web of Science (WOS) database used in our review. A bibliometric review was designed for this collection and consisted of an evaluation. The evaluation encompassed various discernible attributes, including the year of publication, the journals in which the articles were published, the authors involved, the affiliated institutions, the geographical locations of the institutions, the references cited, and the keywords employed. Results Between the years 1999 and 2022, publications saw a significant increase, from 3 to 265 annually. With 72 papers published, Frontiers in Immunology had the most manuscripts published. The Cancer Research publication garnered the highest number of citations, amounting to 2874 citations. The United States exerts significant dominance in the subject, with the National Cancer Institute being recognized as a prominent institution in terms of both productivity and influence. Furthermore, Elizabeth M. Jaffee was recognized as the field's most prolific and influential author with 24 publications and 1,756 citations. The co-occurrence cluster analysis was conducted on the top 197 keywords, resulting in the identification of five distinct clusters. The most recent high-frequency keywords, namely immune therapy, dendritic cell, tumor microenvironment, cancer, and vaccine, signify the emerging frontiers in the interaction between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion Our review uncovers insights into contemporary trends, global patterns of collaboration, fundamental knowledge, research areas of high interest, and emerging frontiers in the field of TME-targeted vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Scientific Research Management Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Caijuan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
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Li J, Zeng H, Li L, Yang Q, He L, Dong M. Advanced Generation Therapeutics: Biomimetic Nanodelivery System for Tumor Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24593-24618. [PMID: 38055350 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is a safe and effective strategy for precision medicine. However, immunotherapy for most cancer cases still ends in failure, with the root causes of the immunosuppressive and extraordinary heterogeneity of the solid tumors microenvironment. The emerging biomimetic nanodelivery system provides a promising tactic to improve the immunotherapy effect while reducing the adverse reactions on nontarget cells. Herein, we summarize the relationship between tumor occurrence and tumor immune microenvironment, mechanism of tumor immune escape, immunotherapy classification (including adoptive cellular therapy, cytokines, cancer vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors) and recommend target cells for immunotherapy first, and then emphatically introduce the recent advances and applications of the latest biomimetic nanodelivery systems (e.g., immune cells, erythrocytes, tumor cells, platelets, bacteria) in tumor immunotherapy. Meanwhile, we separately summarize the application of tumor vaccines. Finally, the predictable challenges and perspectives in a forward exploration of biomimetic nanodelivery systems for tumor immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611135, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Prevention and Institute of Chengdu, Department of Oncology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huamin Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical Colloge, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Luwei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Yang
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611135, Sichuan, China
| | - Lang He
- Cancer Prevention and Institute of Chengdu, Department of Oncology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu 611135, Sichuan, China
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Xu X, Gong C, Wang Y, Yin Z, Wang X, Hu Y, Fang Z. Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation identified HMGA2/microRNA-200c-3p/LSAMP/Wnt axis as an immunological factor of patients with colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3898-3920. [PMID: 37818072 PMCID: PMC10560921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant cancers. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in tumor progression and affects the prognosis of CRC patients. However, the TME has been poorly characterized and studies aiming to identify the biomarkers or combined risk scores of CRC patients are limited. Here, we overlapped differentially expressed genes and stromal/immune-score-related modules to identify immune- and stromal-related genes in CRC patients. These genes were fed into the LASSO-Cox regression analysis for dimensionality reduction to establish a TME-associated risk model. A high TME-associated risk score was identified as an unfavorable prognostic factor in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, as well as in a subgroup analysis, stratified by gender, age, microsatellite instability, and tumor lymph node metastasis stage. Ten genes were mutated more frequently in the high TME-associated risk score group; these mutations may be related to changes in the TME and the response to immunotherapy. Thus, a lower TME-associated risk score may indicate a better response to immunotherapy and longer overall survival. Experimental validation demonstrated that LSAMP, a novel TME-associated-risk-score-related gene, increased sensitivity of CRC to CD8+-T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A mechanistic investigation showed that the HMGA2/microRNA-200c-3p/LSAMP/Wnt axis was an immunological factor in CRC patients. To conclusion, we demonstrated that the TME-associated risk score model could be a reliable prognostic biomarker for CRC patients and highlighted the significance of the HMGA2/microRNA-200c-3p/LSAMP/Wnt axis in the oncoimmunology of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoju Gong
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong Yin
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People’s HospitalSanmen 317100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zejun Fang
- Central Laboratory, Sanmen People’s HospitalSanmen 317100, Zhejiang, China
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Li Y, Cao H, Jiang Z, Yan K, Shi J, Wang S, Wang F, Wang W, Li X, Sun N, Liu L, Chen L, Chen Y, Guo R, Song Y. CCL17 acts as an antitumor chemokine in micromilieu‐driven immune skewing. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110078. [PMID: 37001380 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokines are critical players in the local immune responses to tumors. CCL17 (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, TARC) and CCL22 (macrophage-derived chemokine, MDC) can attract CCR4-bearing cells involving the immune landscape of cancer. However, their direct roles and functional states in tumors remain largely unclear. METHODS We analyzed the lymphoma-related scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq datasets and identified the CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis as the unique participant of the tumor microenvironment. Then we edited the A20 lymphoma cell line to express CCL17 and CCL22 and assessed their function using three mouse models (Balb/C mouse, Nude mouse, and NSG mouse). In addition, we retrospectively checked the relationship between the CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis and the survival rates of cancer patients. RESULTS The active CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis is a distinctive feature of the Hodgkin lymphoma microenvironment. CCR4 is widely expressed in immune cells but highly exists on the surface of NK, NKT, and Treg cells. The tumor model of Balb/C mice showed that CCL17 acts as an anti-tumor chemokine mediated by activated T cell response. In addition, the tumor model of Nude mice showed that CCL17 recruits NK cells for inhibiting lymphoma growth and enhances the NK-cDC1 interaction for resisting IL4i1-mediated immunosuppression. Interestingly, CCL17-mediated antitumor immune responses depend on lymphoid lineages but not mainly myeloid ones. Furthermore, we found CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis cannot be regarded as biomarkers of poor prognosis in most cancer types from the TCGA database. CONCLUSION We provided direct evidence of antitumor functions of CCL17 mediated by the recruitment of conventional T cells, NKT cells, and NK cells. Clinical survival outcomes of target gene (CCL17, CCL22, and CCR4) expression also identified that CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis is not a marker of poor prognosis.
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Lin MJ, Tang XX, Yao GS, Tan ZP, Dai L, Wang YH, Zhu JQ, Xu QH, Mumin MA, Liang H, Wang Z, Deng Q, Luo JH, Wei JH, Cao JZ. A novel 7-chemokine-genes predictive signature for prognosis and therapeutic response in renal clear cell carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120562. [PMID: 37021054 PMCID: PMC10067584 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most prevailing type of malignancies, which is affected by chemokines. Chemokines can form a local network to regulate the movement of immune cells and are essential for tumor proliferation and metastasis as well as for the interaction between tumor cells and mesenchymal cells. Establishing a chemokine genes signature to assess prognosis and therapy responsiveness in ccRCC is the goal of this effort.Methods: mRNA sequencing data and clinicopathological data on 526 individuals with ccRCC were gathered from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database for this investigation (263 training group samples and 263 validation group samples). Utilizing the LASSO algorithm in conjunction with univariate Cox analysis, the gene signature was constructed. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database provided the single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, and the R package “Seurat” was applied to analyze the scRNA-seq data. In addition, the enrichment scores of 28 immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were calculated using the “ssGSEA” algorithm. In order to develop possible medications for patients with high-risk ccRCC, the “pRRophetic” package is employed.Results: High-risk patients had lower overall survival in this model for predicting prognosis, which was supported by the validation cohort. In both cohorts, it served as an independent prognostic factor. Annotation of the predicted signature’s biological function revealed that it was correlated with immune-related pathways, and the riskscore was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and several immune checkpoints (ICs), including CD47, PDCD1, TIGIT, and LAG-3, while it was negatively correlated with TNFRSF14. The CXCL2, CXCL12, and CX3CL1 genes of this signature were shown to be significantly expressed in monocytes and cancer cells, according to scRNA-seq analysis. Furthermore, the high expression of CD47 in cancer cells suggested us that this could be a promising immune checkpoint. For patients who had high riskscore, we predicted 12 potential medications.Conclusion: Overall, our findings show that a putative 7-chemokine-gene signature might predict a patient’s prognosis for ccRCC and reflect the disease’s complicated immunological environment. Additionally, it offers suggestions on how to treat ccRCC using precision treatment and focused risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Xiao Tang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gao-Sheng Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Han Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Quan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hui Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mukhtar Adan Mumin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun-Hang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Zheng Cao, ; Jin-Huan Wei, ; Jun-Hang Luo,
| | - Jin-Huan Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Zheng Cao, ; Jin-Huan Wei, ; Jun-Hang Luo,
| | - Jia-Zheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Zheng Cao, ; Jin-Huan Wei, ; Jun-Hang Luo,
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Tan Y, Khan HM, Sheikh BA, Sun H, Zhang H, Chen J, Huang D, Chen X, Zhou C, Sun J. Recent advances in 2D material-based phototherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1141631. [PMID: 36937746 PMCID: PMC10020212 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1141631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phototherapy, which generally refers to photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), has received significant attention over the past few years since it is non-invasive, has effective selectivity, and has few side effects. As a result, it has become a promising alternative to traditional clinical treatments. At present, two-dimensional materials (2D materials) have proven to be at the forefront of the development of advanced nanomaterials due to their ultrathin structures and fascinating optical properties. As a result, much work has been put into developing phototherapy platforms based on 2D materials. This review summarizes the current developments in 2D materials beyond graphene for phototherapy, focusing on the novel approaches of PTT and PDT. New methods are being developed to go above and beyond conventional treatment to fully use the potential of 2D materials. Additionally, the efficacy of cutting-edge phototherapy is assessed, and the existing difficulties and future prospects of 2D materials for phototherapy are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haider Mohammed Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bilal Ahmed Sheikh
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Sun
- National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xinmei Chen, ; Jianxun Sun,
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral disease, National Clinical Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xinmei Chen, ; Jianxun Sun,
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Tong J, Jiang W, Zhang X, Wang R, Qiao T, Song Y, Gao D, Yu X, Lv Z, Li D. CCL22 and CCL26 are potential biomarkers for predicting distant metastasis in thyroid carcinoma. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221139555. [PMID: 36495170 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221139555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chemokines have been suggested to play significant roles in the progression of malignant cancers. This study aimed to identify the chemokines related to malignant progression in thyroid carcinoma. METHODS The mRNA expression levels of 52 chemokines were compared between differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) samples and normal thyroid tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas database; survival analysis was then performed on the basis of differentially expressed chemokines. A retrospective study was conducted on the level of differentially expressed chemokines in 76 DTC patients. Functional pathway analysis was performed to explore chemokine-related regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS We identified 20 chemokines with differentially expressed mRNA levels through publicly available data. High levels of CCL22 and CCL26 were found to be related with metastasis in clinical DTC samples. High levels of CCL22 were found to be significantly related to poor prognosis in DTC patients. Pathway analyses revealed that cytokines might affect cancer progression through cytokine-cytokine receptor and cytokine-interleukin interactions. CONCLUSIONS CCL22 and CCL26 could serve as prognostic biomarkers in thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Tong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Qiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaqing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Abstract
The identification and characterization of tumor antigens are central objectives in developing anti-cancer immunotherapy. Traditionally, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are considered relatively restricted to tumor cells (i.e., overexpressed proteins in tumor cells), whereas tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) are considered unique to tumor cells. Recent studies have focused on identifying patient-specific neoantigens, which might be highly immunogenic because they are not expressed in normal tissues. The opposite strategy has emerged with the discovery of anti-regulatory T cells (anti-Tregs) that recognize and attack many cell types in the tumor microenvironment, such as regulatory immune cells, in addition to tumor cells. The term proposed in this review is "tumor microenvironment antigens" (TMAs) to describe the antigens that draw this attack. As therapeutic targets, TMAs offer several advantages that differentiate them from more traditional tumor antigens. Targeting TMAs leads not only to a direct attack on tumor cells but also to modulation of the tumor microenvironment, rendering it immunocompetent and tumor-hostile. Of note, in contrast to TAAs and TSAs, TMAs also are expressed in non-transformed cells with consistent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression. Inflammation often induces HLA expression in malignant cells, so that targeting TMAs could additionally affect tumors with no or very low levels of surface HLA expression. This review defines the characteristics, differences, and advantages of TMAs compared with traditional tumor antigens and discusses the use of these antigens in immune modulatory vaccines as an attractive approach to immunotherapy. Different TMAs are expressed by different cells and could be combined in anti-cancer immunotherapies to attack tumor cells directly and modulate local immune cells to create a tumor-hostile microenvironment and inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Immune modulatory vaccines offer an approach for combinatorial therapy with additional immunotherapy including checkpoint blockade, cellular therapy, or traditional cancer vaccines. These combinations would increase the number of patients who can benefit from such therapeutic measures, which all have optimal efficiency in inflamed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Hald Andersen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 5th floor, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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