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Sakai M, Ohara T, Suzuki H, Kadomoto T, Inayama Y, Shitanaka S, Sumitomo M, Matsumura N, Yamanoi K. Clinical impact of age‑specific distribution of combination patterns of cytology and high‑risk HPV status on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:384. [PMID: 37559589 PMCID: PMC10407864 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to elucidate the significance of cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) status in different age groups for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)2, CIN3 and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). There were 12 combinations based on cytology and hrHPV status [cytology: Atypical squamous cells (ASC) of undetermined significance, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, ASC not excluding high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and HSIL; hrHPV status: HPV16/18-positive (16/18+), hrHPV positive for subtypes other than 16/18 (others+) and hrHPV-negative (hrHPV-)]. All patients were categorized into four groups based on age (18-29, 30-39, 40-49 and ≥50 years). For patients with CIN2, CIN3 and SCC (CIN2+) (n=107), the distribution of cytology and hrHPV was investigated in each age group. In addition, for all patients (n=446), the occurrence of CIN2+ in each of the 12 combinations was investigated in each age group. In the 18-29-year age group, the most common combination was HSIL and 16/18+, followed by HSIL and others+, which accounted for 73% of CIN2+ cases. The occurrence of HSIL and 16/18+ decreased with increasing age, and no cases occurred in the 50-year age group. In the 18-29-year age group, all patients with HSIL and 16/18+ were diagnosed with CIN2+. CIN2+ was predominantly detected in patients with HSIL in the 18-29-year age group, as well as hrHPV- and others+. This definite distinction was not observed in any other age group. For CIN2+, the distribution patterns of cytology and hrHPV status combinations varied significantly among different age groups. Accordingly, the clinical impact of the combination of cytological findings and hrHPV status can vary among age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Sakai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Shiga 524-8524, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ohara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Haruka Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kadomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Inayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shimpei Shitanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sumitomo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Noriomi Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kindai University Graduate School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyooka Public Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Hampson IN. Effects of the Prophylactic HPV Vaccines on HPV Type Prevalence and Cervical Pathology. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040757. [PMID: 35458487 PMCID: PMC9029410 DOI: 10.3390/v14040757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination programs with the current prophylactic HPV vaccines started in most countries around 2008 with introduction of the bivalent Cervarix HPV16/18 vaccine, rapidly followed by Gardasil (HPV6/11/16/18) and, finally, Gardasil 9 (HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58), from 2015. Many studies have now confirmed their ability to prevent infection with vaccine-covered HPV types, and the subsequent development of either genital warts and/or cervical neoplasia, although this is clearly more effective in younger women vaccinated prior to sexual debut. Most notably, reductions in the prevalence of vaccine-covered HPV types were also observed in unvaccinated women at the same geographical location, presumably by sexual dissemination of these changes, between vaccinated and unvaccinated women. Furthermore, there are several studies that have demonstrated vaccine-associated HPV type-replacement, where vaccine-covered, high-risk HPV types are replaced by high-risk HPV types not covered by the vaccines, and these changes were also observed in vaccinated and unvaccinated women in the same study population. In light of these observations, it is not entirely clear what effects vaccine-associated HPV type-replacement will have, particularly in older, unvaccinated women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian N Hampson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
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