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Babers N, El-Sherbiny MGD, El-Shazly M, Kamel BM. Mechanical and antibacterial properties of hybrid polymers composite reinforcement for biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:85-108. [PMID: 37812148 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2268949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tribological properties of a hybrid composite material composed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Ti O 2 ). The study explores the microstructural characteristics of the composite material using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Samples of HDPE-30%HAp with varying concentrations of Ti O 2 (5, 10, 15, and 20%) were prepared and extruded using a twin-screw machine. The hybrid composite materials underwent mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, and hardness), tribological tests (friction and wear rate), and antibacterial tests (resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria). The results indicate that the optimal hybrid composite sample was HDPE-30%HAP-10% Ti O 2 , which demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (maximum tensile strength of 25.93 MPa and young modulus of 480 MPa) and a low coefficient of friction (COF∼ 0.07) while achieving high wear resistance (wear rate in the order of 10 - 4 m m 3 N - 1 m - 1 ). The study shows that the improvement in mechanical properties results in a corresponding improvement in tribological properties. The antibacterial tests revealed that the hybrid composite material exhibited resistance to E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The findings of this study suggest that the HDPE-30%HAP-10% Ti O 2 composite is a promising material for use in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and desirable mechanical and tribological properties. The study demonstrates the potential of reinforced hybrid composite materials in overcoming the disadvantages of monolithic and hybrid micro-composites and highlights the importance of investigating the microstructural, tribological, and mechanical strength characteristics of composite materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Babers
- Mechatronic Program Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M G D El-Sherbiny
- Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M El-Shazly
- Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bahaa M Kamel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Korean Egyptian Faculty for Industry and Energy Technology, Beni-Suef Technological University, Egypt
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A N, Taha M, Ibrahim AMM, A K A. Role of hybrid nanofiller GNPs/Al 2O 3 on enhancing the mechanical and tribological performance of HDPE composite. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12447. [PMID: 37528218 PMCID: PMC10394009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique mechanical properties and wear resistance of HDPE give it the potential as an alternative to frictional material. The current research focuses on using hybrid nanoparticles with various loading fillers to determine the best additive contents. The mechanical and tribological characteristics were examined and evaluated. The HDPE nanocomposite samples containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt.% filling content of Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) and 0.5, and 1.0 wt.% of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were fabricated. The results showed a good enhancement in the mechanical and tribological properties of HDPE composites with the presence of nano additives. The HDPE nanocomposites recorded the best performance with a loading amount of 2.0 wt.% with an equal ratio of hybrid nanofiller Al2O3 NPs and GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabhan A
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Taha
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy of Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Sadat Road, P.O. Box 11, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ameer A K
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt
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Mechanical and Tribological Performance of HDPE Matrix Reinforced by Hybrid Gr/TiO2 NPs for Hip Joint Replacement. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030140. [PMID: 36976064 PMCID: PMC10059748 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hip joint collapse is a very common health problem. Many cases need a joint replacement, so nano-polymeric composites are an ideal alternative solution. Due to its mechanical properties and wear resistance, HDPE might be considered a suitable alternative to frictional materials. The current research focuses on using hybrid nanofiller TiO2 NPs and nano-graphene with various loading compositions to evaluate the best loading amount. The compressive strength, modules of elasticity, and hardness were examined via experiments. The COF and wear resistance were evaluated via a pin-on-disk tribometer. The worn surfaces were analyzed based on 3D topography and SEM images. The HDPE samples with various compositions of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0 wt.% filling content of TiO2 NPs and Gr (with a ratio of 1:1) were analyzed. Results revealed that hybrid nanofiller with a composition of 1.5 wt.% exhibits superior mechanical properties compared to other filling compositions. Moreover, the COF and wear rate decreased by 27.5% and 36.3%, respectively.
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Hai Y, Zhidong C, Wenyan W. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of autologous bone marrow stem cells by secreting exosomes. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9901-9915. [PMID: 35412945 PMCID: PMC9162006 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractures are frequently encountered diseases troubling the senior population, and the research on fracture repair and the exploration of effective treatment methods are of great significance. This study aimed to clarify the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hUMSC-EVs) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of autologous bone marrow stem cells (ABMSCs). The two kinds of cells were co-cultured firstly, 5-Ethynyl-2'- deoxyuridine (EDU) staining and alizarin red staining were used to detect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs. The exosomes of hUMSCs were subsequently extracted to process ABMSCs to further test the effect on the cells. The EDU positive rate of ABMSCs and Collagen II expression were elevated, whereas the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive rate and Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) were markedly decreased after the co-culture of hUMSCs and ABMSCs using Transwell chamber assays. The results indicated that hUMSCs could increase the proliferation of ABMSCs, reduce apoptosis, and promote matrix metabolism. The hUMSCs exosomes were separated and added to ABMSCs. As the exosomes content increased, the proliferation of ABMSCs increased simultaneously, and ABMSCs apoptosis decreased. Meanwhile, ABMSCs that migrated to the submembrane increased compared with untreated ABMSCs. Western blot, qPCR and immunofluorescence results revealed that increased exosomes contents promoted the expression of ABMSCs anabolic-related indicators gradually, while decreased the expression of catabolism-related indicators gradually. The previously described results indicated that hUMSCs promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs by secreting exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cao Zhidong
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wu Wenyan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Wang Z, Cao Y, Zhang K, Guo Z, Liu Y, Zhou P, Liu Z, Lu X. Gold nanoparticles alleviates the lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6472-6483. [PMID: 34523392 PMCID: PMC8806813 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1972782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is used in the immune response manipulation to treat various human diseases. In the present study, we explored the effects of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response of colonic epithelial NCM460 cells. According to the results of cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry analysis, the viability of NCM460 cells was inhibited, and the apoptosis was increased after LPS treatment, and AuNPs reversed these changes in a dose-dependent way. The permeability was evaluated by detecting the flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and transepithelial electrical resistance. LPS enhanced the permeability and promoted barrier dysfunction of NCM460 cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent sorbent assay results revealed that the concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors and nitric oxide were elevated by LPS treatment and decreased by the AuNPs. LPS aggravated the inflammatory response, which was rescued by the AuNPs. Moreover, LPS promoted the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun NH-terminal kinase signaling pathways, which were inhibited by AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yinya Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Kangzhen Zhang
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhirui Guo
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Liu
- Lab Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Wang J, Liu Y, Cai H, Jiang H, Li W, Shi Y. Long coding RNA CCAT2 enhances the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical carcinoma cells via the microRNA-493-5p/CREB1 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6264-6274. [PMID: 34499007 PMCID: PMC8806934 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1969834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies among women. It has been demonstrated that long coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in CC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the colon cancer associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) lncRNA in CC and elucidate its possible mechanisms of action. The expression of CCAT2, the miR-493-5p microRNA (miRNA), and mRNA was detected using qRT-PCR. Cell viability, proliferation, and migration and invasion were determined using the MTT, colony formation, and transwell assays, respectively. The interactions between miR-493-5p and CCAT2 or cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) were verified using the luciferase and RNA pull-down assays. The effects of CCAT2 knockdown on in vivo tumor growth were determined using tumor xenografts and immunohistochemistry assays. The expression of CCAT2 was upregulated in CC cells and tissues. However, the knockdown of CCAT2 inhibited the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CC cells in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, CCAT2 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to upregulate the expression of CREB1 by binding to miR-493-5p. The overexpression of CREB1 or downregulation of miR-493-5p antagonized the effect of CCAT2 knockdown on the proliferation and EMT of CC cells. The knockdown of CCAT2 suppressed the aggressiveness of CC via the miR-493-5p/CREB1 axis. Therefore, CCAT2 is likely to be a promising therapeutic target for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laberatory of Tumor Biological Behavirs, P.R. China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laberatory of Tumor Biological Behavirs, P.R. China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Shi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laberatory of Tumor Biological Behavirs, P.R. China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, P.R. China
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Olesik P, Godzierz M, Kozioł M, Jała J, Szeluga U, Myalski J. Structure and Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Glassy Carbon. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4024. [PMID: 34300942 PMCID: PMC8306466 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigated theimpact of glassy carbon (GC) reinforcement oncrystal structure and the mechanical performance of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). We made composite samples by mixing HDPE granules with powder in ethanol followed bymelt mixing in a laboratory extruder. Along with the investigated composite, we also prepared samples with carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (GNP) and graphite (Gr) to compare GC impact with already used carbon fillers. To evaluate crystal structure and crystallinity, we used X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We supported the XRD results with a residual stress analysis (RSA) according to the EN15305 standard. Analysis showed that reinforcing with GC leads to significant crystallite size reduction and low residual stress values. We evaluated the mechanical properties of composites with hardness and tensile testing. The addition of glassy carbon results inincreased mechanical strength incomposites with CNT and GNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Olesik
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland; (P.O.); (M.G.); (J.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Marcin Godzierz
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland; (P.O.); (M.G.); (J.J.); (J.M.)
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Kozioł
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland; (P.O.); (M.G.); (J.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Jakub Jała
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland; (P.O.); (M.G.); (J.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Urszula Szeluga
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34 Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Myalski
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland; (P.O.); (M.G.); (J.J.); (J.M.)
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Abstract
For the last twenty years, polymer hybrid nanocomposites have enjoyed unflagging interest from numerous scientific groups and R&D departments, as they provide notable enhancement of properties, even at low nanofillers’ content. Their performance results from many factors, the most important of which is the uniform distribution in the entire volume of the matrix, that still is very challenging, but is the right choice of two types of nanoparticles that can lead to an increase of dispersion stability and even more uniform distribution of fillers. The incorporation of two types of nanofillers, especially when they differ in aspect ratio or chemical nature, allows to additively reduce the price of the final composite by replacing the more expensive filler with the cheaper one, or even synergistically improving the properties, e.g., mechanical, thermal, and barrier, etc., that can extend their usage in the industry. Despite numerous review papers on nanocomposites, there is no review on how the introduction of a hybrid system of nanofillers affects the properties of polyolefins, which are the most commonly used engineering plastics. This review deeply focuses on the structure–properties relationship of polyolefins-based hybrid nanocomposites, especially based on two types of polyethylenes (low-density polyethylenes (LDPE) and high-density polyethylenes (HDPE)) and polypropylene.
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Thermal and Mechanical Properties of HDPE Reinforced with Al2O3 Nanoparticles Processed by Thermokinectic Mixer. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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