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Gull S, Ejaz S, Ali S, Ali MM, Sardar H, Azam M, Deng H, Yousef AF, Alrefaei AF, Almutairi MH. Xanthan gum-based edible coating effectively preserve postharvest quality of 'Gola' guava fruits by regulating physiological and biochemical processes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:450. [PMID: 38783216 PMCID: PMC11112933 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guava is a fruit prone to rapid spoilage following harvest, attributed to continuous and swift physicochemical transformations, leading to substantial postharvest losses. This study explored the efficacy of xanthan gum (XG) coatings applied at various concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%) on guava fruits (Gola cultivar) over a 15-day storage period. RESULTS The results indicated that XG coatings, particularly at 0.75%, substantially mitigated moisture loss and decay, presenting an optimal concentration. The coated fruits exhibited a modified total soluble soluble solids, an increased total titratable acidity, and an enhanced sugar-acid ratio, collectively enhancing overall quality. Furthermore, the XG coatings demonstrated the remarkable ability to preserve bioactive compounds, such as total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidants, while minimizing the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and H2O2. The coatings also influenced cell wall components, maintaining levels of hemicellulose, cellulose, and protopectin while reducing water-soluble pectin. Quantitative analysis of ROS-scavenging enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, revealed significant increases in their activities in the XG-coated fruits compared to those in the control fruits. Specifically, on day 15, the 0.75% XG coating demonstrated the highest SOD and CAT activities while minimizing the reduction in APX activity. Moreover, XG coatings mitigated the activities of fruit-softening enzymes, including pectin methylesterase, polygalacturonase, and cellulase. CONCLUSIONS This study concludes that XG coatings play a crucial role in preserving postharvest quality of guava fruits by regulating various physiological and biochemical processes. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential application of XG as a natural coating to extend the shelf life and maintain the quality of guava fruits during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Gull
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Shaghef Ejaz
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hasan Sardar
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azam
- Pomology Laboratory, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Honghong Deng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhlid H Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Recent Advances of Polyphenol Oxidases in Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052158. [PMID: 36903403 PMCID: PMC10004730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is present in most higher plants, but also in animals and fungi. PPO in plants had been summarized several years ago. However, recent advances in studies of PPO in plants are lacking. This review concludes new researches on PPO distribution, structure, molecular weights, optimal temperature, pH, and substrates. And, the transformation of PPO from latent to active state was also discussed. This state shift is a vital reason for elevating PPO activity, but the activation mechanism in plants has not been elucidated. PPO has an important role in plant stress resistance and physiological metabolism. However, the enzymatic browning reaction induced by PPO is a major problem in the production, processing, and storage of fruits and vegetables. Meanwhile, we summarized various new methods that had been invented to decrease enzymatic browning by inhibiting PPO activity. In addition, our manuscript included information on several important biological functions and the transcriptional regulation of PPO in plants. Furthermore, we also prospect some future research areas of PPO and hope they will be useful for future research in plants.
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Huang GL, Liu TT, Ma JJ, Sun LX, Sui SY, Quan XY, Wang YN. Anti-polyphenol oxidase mechanism of oligomeric procyanidins and its application on browning control of “Baiyu” loquat during storage. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yu ZY, Xu K, Wang X, Wen YT, Wang LJ, Huang DQ, Chen XX, Chai WM. Punicalagin as a novel tyrosinase and melanin inhibitor: Inhibitory activity and mechanism. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rapid quality evaluation of Plantaginis Semen by near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114435. [PMID: 34715582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and comprehensive method for the quality evaluation of Plantaginis Semen (PS) by using near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics to determine the content of geniposidic acid (GEA), verbascoside (VE), isoverbascoside (IVE) and total flavonoids (TF) in PS, as well as the antioxidant activity (AOA). METHODS The content of GEA, VE and IVE in PS were determined by HPLC, the content of TF in PS was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and the AOA of PS was characterized by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. Then, the measured values of each item were used as reference values and were correlated with the near infrared spectra of PS. Seven quantitative models were established by the partial least squares regression. A variety of spectral preprocessing, such as standard normal variation (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky-Golay smoothing (SG), derivative and their combination methods, were investigated. In addition, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), as well as competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) were also compared. All samples were divided into a calibration set and a prediction set at the ratio of 3:1 by the descending order of reference values. The coefficients of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) were calculated to evaluate model performance. RESULTS After optimization, the performance of each model was greatly improved, where the R2 for calibration and prediction were both greater than 0.8, the RPD were both greater than 2. Such satisfactory results indicated that the present models had good prediction accuracy. CONCLUSION Quantitative models based on near infrared spectroscopy were herein established, which proved to be able to quickly and accurately determine the content of GEA, VE and IVE and TF, as well as AOA in PS, and which might provide a new method for rapid and comprehensive quality evaluation of PS.
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