1
|
Li S, Yang Q, Zhou Z, Yang X, Liu Y, Hao K, Fu M. Gastrodin protects retinal ganglion cells from ischemic injury by activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (PI3K/AKT/Nrf2) signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12625-12636. [PMID: 35609324 PMCID: PMC9275977 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2076499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and improper treatment may cause irreversible damage to visual function. Gastrodin is an effective active substance extracted from Gastrodia elata and possesses antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties. However, the therapeutic potential of gastrodin for retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. We adopted oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to induce R28 cells with the aim of simulating glaucomatous neurodegeneration. CCK-8 analysis and TUNEL were applied for examining cell proliferation and apoptosis . In addition, RT-qPCR and ELISA were performed to test the releases of inflammatory factors in cells . Related indicators of intracellular oxidative stress and ROS production were detected by corresponding kits. Moreover, western blot was applied to assay the expressions of PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway-related proteins. OGD/R induction contributed to the decreased cell viability and reduced Bcl-2 protein expression, while the protein contents of Bax, Cyto-C, c-caspase 9 and c-PARP as well as ROS production were ascended. The co-treatment of hypoxia and gastrodin greatly improved R28 cell viability but effectively suppressed cell apoptosis, ROS level and the releases of OGD/R-induced inflammatory factors as well as oxidative stress. In addition, OGD/R stimulation reduced Nrf2, accompanied by a decrease in the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT. Gastrodin significantly promoted the activation of PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway in R28 cells, which was then counteracted by PI3K/AKT inhibitors. In conclusion, the present study suggested that gastrodin has a protective effect on OGD/R-induced R28 cell injury, which is achieved through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sizhen Li
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Zixiu Zhou
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yating Liu
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Kuanxiao Hao
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Min Fu
- Nanjing Tongren Eye Center, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|