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A Novel Dry-Stabilized Whole Blood Microsampling and Protein Extraction Method for Testing of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101760. [DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a crucial need for rapid, straightforward collection and testing of biological samples. Serological antibody assays can analyze patient blood samples to confirm immune response following mRNA vaccine administration or to verify past exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. While blood tests provide vital information for clinical analysis and epidemiology, sample collection is not trivial; this process requires a visit to the doctor’s office, a professionally trained phlebotomist to draw several milliliters of blood, processing to yield plasma or serum, and necessitates appropriate cold chain storage to preserve the specimen. A novel whole blood collection kit (truCOLLECT) allows for a lancet-based, decentralized capillary blood collection of metered low volumes and eliminates the need for refrigerated transport and storage through the process of active desiccation. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (total and neutralizing) and nucleocapsid protein antibody titers in plasma samples obtained via venipuncture were compared to antibodies extracted from desiccated whole blood using Adaptive Focused Acoustics (AFA). Paired plasma versus desiccated blood extracts yields Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.98; 95% CI [0.96, 0.99] for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, 0.97; 95% CI [0.95, 0.99] for neutralizing antibodies, and 0.97; 95% CI [0.94, 0.99] for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antibodies. These data suggest that serology testing using desiccated and stabilized whole blood samples can be a convenient and cost-effective alternative to phlebotomy.
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Ju J, Zhang X, Li L, Regmi S, Yang G, Tang S. Development of fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG based on aggregation-induced emission carbon dots. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1042926. [PMID: 36312540 PMCID: PMC9608551 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1042926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamic changes in antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of the vaccine and the stage for the recovery of the COVID-19 disease. A rapid and accurate method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies is still urgently needed. Here, we developed a novel fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) platform for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG by the aggregation-induced emission carbon dots conjugated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SSP). The aggregation-induced emission carbon dots (AIE-CDs) are one of the best prospect fluorescent probe materials for exhibiting high emission efficiency in both aggregate and solid states. The AIE-CDs were synthesized and displayed dual fluorescence emission, which provides a new perspective for the design of a high sensitivity testing system. In this work, the novel LFA platform adopted the AIE carbon dots, which are used to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG conveniently. Furthermore, this sensor had a low LOD of 100 pg/ml. Therefore, this newly developed strategy has potential applications in the areas of public health for the advancement of clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ju
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- Oujiang Lab, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Ju, ; Guoqiang Yang, ; Shixing Tang,
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sagar Regmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Ju, ; Guoqiang Yang, ; Shixing Tang,
| | - Shixing Tang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Ju, ; Guoqiang Yang, ; Shixing Tang,
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