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Karstens AJ, Christianson TJ, Lundt ES, Machulda MM, Mielke MM, Fields JA, Kremers WK, Graff-Radford J, Vemuri P, Jack CR, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Stricker NH. Mayo normative studies: regression-based normative data for ages 30-91 years with a focus on the Boston Naming Test, Trail Making Test and Category Fluency. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:389-401. [PMID: 38014536 PMCID: PMC11014770 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Normative neuropsychological data are essential for interpretation of test performance in the context of demographic factors. The Mayo Normative Studies (MNS) aim to provide updated normative data for neuropsychological measures administered in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA), a population-based study of aging that randomly samples residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, from age- and sex-stratified groups. We examined demographic effects on neuropsychological measures and validated the regression-based norms in comparison to existing normative data developed in a similar sample. METHOD The MNS includes cognitively unimpaired adults ≥30 years of age (n = 4,428) participating in the MCSA. Multivariable linear regressions were used to determine demographic effects on test performance. Regression-based normative formulas were developed by first converting raw scores to normalized scaled scores and then regressing on age, age2, sex, and education. Total and sex-stratified base rates of low scores (T < 40) were examined in an older adult validation sample and compared with Mayo's Older Americans Normative Studies (MOANS) norms. RESULTS Independent linear regressions revealed variable patterns of linear and/or quadratic effects of age (r2 = 6-27% variance explained), sex (0-13%), and education (2-10%) across measures. MNS norms improved base rates of low performance in the older adult validation sample overall and in sex-specific patterns relative to MOANS. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the need for updated norms that consider complex demographic associations on test performance and that specifically exclude participants with mild cognitive impairment from the normative sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J. Karstens
- Division of Neurocognitive Disorders, Department of
Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Teresa J. Christianson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics,
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emily S. Lundt
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics,
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mary M. Machulda
- Division of Neurocognitive Disorders, Department of
Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michelle M. Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest
University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake
Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Julie A. Fields
- Division of Neurocognitive Disorders, Department of
Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Walter K. Kremers
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics,
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nikki H. Stricker
- Division of Neurocognitive Disorders, Department of
Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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De Marco M, Bocchetta M, Venneri A. Item-Level Scores on the Boston Naming Test as an Independent Predictor of Perirhinal Volume in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:806. [PMID: 37239278 PMCID: PMC10216160 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We explored the methodological value of an item-level scoring procedure applied to the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the extent to which this scoring approach predicts grey matter (GM) variability in regions that sustain semantic memory. Twenty-seven BNT items administered as part of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were scored according to their "sensorimotor interaction" (SMI) value. Quantitative scores (i.e., the count of correctly named items) and qualitative scores (i.e., the average of SMI scores for correctly named items) were used as independent predictors of neuroanatomical GM maps in two sub-cohorts of 197 healthy adults and 350 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants. Quantitative scores predicted clusters of temporal and mediotemporal GM in both sub-cohorts. After accounting for quantitative scores, the qualitative scores predicted mediotemporal GM clusters in the MCI sub-cohort; clusters extended to the anterior parahippocampal gyrus and encompassed the perirhinal cortex. This was confirmed by a significant yet modest association between qualitative scores and region-of-interest-informed perirhinal volumes extracted post hoc. Item-level scoring of BNT performance provides complementary information to standard quantitative scores. The concurrent use of quantitative and qualitative scores may help profile lexical-semantic access more precisely, and might help detect changes in semantic memory that are typical of early-stage Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo De Marco
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK; (M.D.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK; (M.D.M.); (M.B.)
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK; (M.D.M.); (M.B.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
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Koay JM, Spat-Lemus J, Cornwell MA, Sacks-Zimmerman A, Mandelbaum S, Kohn A, McLean E, Meli G, Bender HA. The Evolving Need for Neuropsychology in Neurosurgical Settings: Challenges Facing Transformative Care. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:277-285. [PMID: 36782426 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Clinical neuropsychology has been a valuable asset to neurologic surgery, contributing to lateralization and localization of pathologic brain tissue, identification of eloquent cortex, and evaluation of postoperative neuropsychological functioning. Moreover, neuropsychologists provide empirically driven interventions aimed at supporting preparation and/or recovery of neurosurgery patients. Nonetheless, several challenges may limit the reliability, validity, and generalizability of the assessment data obtained and reduce the usefulness of other neuropsychological services provided. Specifically, linguistic, cultural, educational, and other biases associated with demographic characteristics can lead to a narrowed view of an individual's life experiences, which must be confronted to fulfill the mission of ensuring that all patients have access to care that is appropriate to their needs. Instead of perceiving these challenges as insurmountable barriers, such issues can be viewed as opportunities to catalyze change and foster innovation for the future of neuropsychological care in neurosurgical settings. In addition to reviewing the possible mechanisms of these obstacles, the current article offers tangible solutions at both a macro level (e.g., discipline-wide transformations) and micro level (e.g., individualized patient-centric approaches). Outlined are practical techniques to potentially improve consensus and standardization of methods, advance and globalize research, expand representativeness of measures and practices to serve diverse individuals, and increase treatment adherence through engagement of patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Min Koay
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Spat-Lemus
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melinda A Cornwell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Sarah Mandelbaum
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Clinical Psychology with Health Emphasis, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Aviva Kohn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Clinical Psychology with Health Emphasis, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Erin McLean
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Gabrielle Meli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - H Allison Bender
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
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Salo SK, Marceaux JC, McCoy KJM, Hilsabeck RC. Removing the noose item from the Boston naming test: A step toward antiracist neuropsychological assessment. Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:311-326. [PMID: 34148526 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2021.1933187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The Boston Naming Test-Second Edition (BNT-2), the "gold-standard" assessment of confrontation naming used to diagnosis disorders such as dementia, includes aculturally insensitive item, the noose. Given calls to stop structural racism in psychology, this study examined changes in scores and performance classification if the noose item were omitted from the BNT-2. Methods: Participants were 291 Black, White, and Latinx adults who were administered the BNT-2 within a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Ethnoracial differences in BNT-2 scores with and without the noose item and percentages of participants answering the noose item incorrectly were investigated. Results: Significant differences were found between ethnoracial groups in BNT-2 raw scores, T-scores, and percentage of participants incorrectly answering the noose item. Follow-up analyses revealed White participants obtained significantly higher raw scores and had significantly fewer participants answer the noose item incorrectly than Black and Latinx groups, who did not differ significantly. For T-scores, Black participants obtained significantly higher scores than White participants who obtained significantly higher scores than Latinx participants. Despite these differences, giving credit for the omitted noose item changed performance classification for only 10 participants (3.4%). Conclusions: Performance classification did not change significantly for the vast majority of a large ethnoculturally diverse sample when giving credit for the noose item as if it were not administered. Therefore, the non-noose BNT-2remains accurate while reducing cultural insensitivity towards Black populations, emphasizing a step in working towards anti-racism and fostering culturally-competent services within psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Salo
- Adult Neuropsychology, ThedaCare Behavioral Health, Appleton, Menasha, WI, USA
| | | | - Karin J M McCoy
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robin C Hilsabeck
- Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Wang G, Ge L, Zheng Q, Huang P, Xiang J. Constraint-induced aphasia therapy for patients with aphasia: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Sci 2020; 7:349-358. [PMID: 32817859 PMCID: PMC7424157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of constraint-induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) for aphasic patients reported by randomized controlled trials. Methods Relevant randomized controlled trials were retrieved from 11 electronic databases. A methodological quality assessment was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook, and meta-analyses were performed by using RevMan 5.2. A descriptive analysis was conducted when the included trials were not suitable for a meta-analysis. Results A total of 12 trials were included. A statistically significant group difference was shown from the meta-analysis in the results measured by the Western Aphasia Battery (random-effects model, MD = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.31 to 2.14, P < 0.01). However, there were no statistically significant differences shown in the results of the Boston Naming Test (fixed-effects model, MD = −1.79, 95% CI = −11.19 to 7.62, P > 0.05) and Aachen Aphasia Test (fixed-effects model, MD = −1.11, 95% CI = −4.49 to 2.27, P > 0.05). The descriptive analysis showed positive results in language performances of naming, repetition, and comprehension. Conclusion This systematic review indicated that CIAT was efficient for improving language performance with regard to naming, comprehension, repetition, written language, and oral language based on the current evidence. And this review provides some meaningful guides for clinical practice: expand the therapy duration to 2 or 3 h per day, focus on naming, and choose the best assessment tool. It also indicates a need for more rigorous, large-scale, and high-quality trials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guandong Wang
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Ge
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Pingping Huang
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Xiang
- School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Jørgensen K, Johannsen P, Vogel A. A Danish adaptation of the Boston Naming Test: preliminary norms for older adults and validity in mild Alzheimer’s disease. Clin Neuropsychol 2017; 31:72-87. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1371337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Jørgensen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Johannsen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asmus Vogel
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
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