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Alcocer-Bruno C, Ferrer-Cascales R, Ruiz-Robledillo N, Clement-Carbonell V. The mediation effect of treatment fatigue in the association between memory and health-related quality of life in men with HIV who have sex with men. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38145625 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2298375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Approximately half of all adults living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) experience cognitive alterations related to difficulties in treatment adherence and, therefore, to a significant decrease in quality of life. In this sense, new studies are needed to identify potential mediators related to treatment in this association, such as treatment fatigue. This fact is especially important in at specific groups of individuals with HIV, namely men with HIV who have sex with men (MSM). The objective of this study was to analyze the association between cognitive functioning, Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), and treatment fatigue in MSM with HIV. A cross-sectional study was developed with a sample of 70 MSM, from the Infectious Diseases Unit of the General University Hospital of Alicante (Spain). Participants completed questionnaires related to sociodemographic data, HRQoL, and treatment fatigue in an initial phase; in a second phase, they were administered a computerized cognitive evaluation. Our results demonstrate a significant relationship between a lower cognitive performance in the memory domain and worse HRQoL. Mediation analysis has revealed the total mediation effect of treatment fatigue, specifically, the treatment cynicism domain, on this relationship. This mediation effect remained significant after controlling the sociodemographic and clinical HIV-related variables in the model. No significant mediation effects of the rest of evaluated cognitive domains (attention, perception, reasoning, or coordination) were found in this relationship. The results of this study highlight how MSM with a significant deterioration of memory are at greater risk of developing high levels of treatment fatigue, and, therefore, a lower adherence to the same and a significant deterioration in their HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alcocer-Bruno
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Ferrer-Cascales
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - N Ruiz-Robledillo
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - V Clement-Carbonell
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Examining Association of Personality Characteristics and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Post-COVID Syndrome. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020265. [PMID: 35204028 PMCID: PMC8870488 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate personality traits in patients with post-COVID syndrome, as well as the association with neuropsychiatric symptoms present in this disorder. Methods: The Big Five Structure Inventory was administered to 93 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of post-COVID syndrome as defined by the WHO and to demographically matched controls. We also performed a comprehensive evaluation of depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep quality, cognitive function, and olfactory function. Results: Patients with post-COVID syndrome scored lower for emotional stability, equanimity, positive mood, and self-control. Extraversion, emotional stability, and openness correlated negatively with anxiety and depression levels. Conscientiousness correlated negatively with anxiety. No statistically significant correlations were observed between personality traits and cognitive function, sleep quality, olfactory function, or fatigue. Personality scores explained 36.3% and 41% of the variance in scores on the anxiety and depression scales, respectively. Two personality profiles with lower levels of emotional stability were associated with depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Our study shows higher levels of neuroticism in patients with post-COVID syndrome. Personality traits were predictive of the presence of depression and anxiety, but not cognitive function, sleep quality, or fatigue, in the context of post-COVID syndrome. These findings may have implications for the detection of patients at risk of depression and anxiety in post-COVID syndrome, and for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Woods SP, Matchanova A, Alex C, Rahman S, Babicz MA, Sullivan KL, Avci G, Hasbun R, Fazeli PL, Giordano TP. A pilot study of cognition and creativity among persons with HIV disease referred for neuropsychological evaluation. J Neurovirol 2022; 28:595-605. [PMID: 36094729 PMCID: PMC9466317 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-022-01095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Creativity can help people to innovate, overcome obstacles, and successfully navigate challenges in daily life. Some aspects of creativity rely on the prefrontostriatal loops and executive functions, which can be compromised in persons with HIV (PWH). This pilot study examined whether neuropsychological functioning plays a role in creativity in PWH. A consecutive series of 41 PWH who were referred to an urban neuropsychology clinic in southeastern Texas were enrolled. Participants completed the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) to measure creativity, from which standardized creativity scores of fluency, originality, elaboration, and flexibility were derived. Participants also completed several measures of everyday functioning and a brief clinical neuropsychological battery measuring executive functions, motor skills, memory, and visuoconstruction. Global neuropsychological functioning showed a large, positive association with ATTA creativity performance that did not vary meaningfully by creativity domain and was independent of premorbid IQ. ATTA creativity scores were not associated with any measure of everyday functioning. Findings from this pilot study suggest that higher levels of neuropsychological functioning may support multiple dimensions of creativity in adults with HIV disease. Future studies might examine whether creativity moderates the association between HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and various health behaviors (e.g., adherence, appointment attendance).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Paul Woods
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Anastasia Matchanova
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Christina Alex
- grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Samina Rahman
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Michelle A. Babicz
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Kelli L. Sullivan
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Gunes Avci
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Boulevard, 126 Heyne Building (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Rodrigo Hasbun
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Pariya L. Fazeli
- grid.265892.20000000106344187School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Thomas P. Giordano
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Center for Innovation in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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