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Aslam Khan MU, Al-Arjan WS, Binkadem MS, Mehboob H, Haider A, Raza MA, Abd Razak SI, Hasan A, Amin R. Development of Biopolymeric Hybrid Scaffold-Based on AAc/GO/nHAp/TiO 2 Nanocomposite for Bone Tissue Engineering: In-Vitro Analysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1319. [PMID: 34067844 PMCID: PMC8156135 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is an advanced field for treatment of fractured bones to restore/regulate biological functions. Biopolymeric/bioceramic-based hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds are potential biomaterials for bone tissue because of biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics. We report synthesis of nanocomposite based on acrylic acid (AAc)/guar gum (GG), nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp NPs), titanium nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and optimum graphene oxide (GO) amount via free radical polymerization method. Porous scaffolds were fabricated through freeze-drying technique and coated with silver sulphadiazine. Different techniques were used to investigate functional group, crystal structural properties, morphology/elemental properties, porosity, and mechanical properties of fabricated scaffolds. Results show that increasing amount of TiO2 in combination with optimized GO has improved physicochemical and microstructural properties, mechanical properties (compressive strength (2.96 to 13.31 MPa) and Young's modulus (39.56 to 300.81 MPa)), and porous properties (pore size (256.11 to 107.42 μm) and porosity (79.97 to 44.32%)). After 150 min, silver sulfadiazine release was found to be ~94.1%. In vitro assay of scaffolds also exhibited promising results against mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell lines. Hence, these fabricated scaffolds would be potential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- BioInspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia;
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, CEET, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Wafa Shamsan Al-Arjan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona Saad Binkadem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hassan Mehboob
- Department of Engineering Management, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Rafha Street, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Mohsin Ali Raza
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, CEET, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Saiful Izwan Abd Razak
- BioInspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia;
- Center for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Rashid Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia;
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Bagewadi S, Parameswaran S, Krishnakumar S, Sethuraman S, Subramanian A. Tissue engineering approaches towards the regeneration of biomimetic scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5935-5953. [PMID: 34254105 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00976a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third major cause of blindness in people aged above 60 years. It causes dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and leads to an irreversible loss of central vision. The present clinical treatment options are more palliative in controlling the progression of the disease and do not functionally restore the degenerated RPE monolayer and photoreceptors. Currently, the clinical transplantation of RPE cells has shown poor engraftment potential due to the absence of an intact Bruch's membrane in AMD patients, thereby the vision is unable to be restored completely. Although tissue engineering strategies target the development of Bruch's membrane-mimetic substrates, the challenge still lies in the development of an ultrathin, biologically and mechanically equivalent membrane to restore visual acuity. Further, existing limitations such as cellular aggregation, surgical complications including retinal tissue damage, tissue rejection, disease transmission, inferior mechanical strength, and the loss of vision over time demand the search for an ideal strategy to restore the functional RPE. Hence, this review aims to provide insights into various approaches, from conventional cell therapy to 3D bioprinting, and their unmet challenges in treating AMD by outlining the pathophysiology of AMD and the host tissue response with respect to injury, treatment and preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavi Bagewadi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Development of Arabinoxylan-Reinforced Apple Pectin/Graphene Oxide/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds with Controlled Release of Drug for Bone Tissue Engineering: In-Vitro Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Cytotoxicity against MC3T3-E1. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of reinforced scaffolds to repair and regenerate defected bone is still a major challenge. Bone tissue engineering is an advanced medical strategy to restore or regenerate damaged bone. The excellent biocompatibility and osteogenesis behavior of porous scaffolds play a critical role in bone regeneration. In current studies, we synthesized polymeric nanocomposite material through free-radical polymerization to fabricate porous nanocomposite scaffolds by freeze drying. Functional group, surface morphology, porosity, pore size, and mechanical strength were examined through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Single-Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), and Universal Testing Machine (UTM), respectively. These nanocomposites exhibit enhanced compressive strength (from 4.1 to 16.90 MPa), Young’s modulus (from 13.27 to 29.65 MPa) with well appropriate porosity and pore size (from 63.72 ± 1.9 to 45.75 ± 6.7 µm), and a foam-like morphology. The increasing amount of graphene oxide (GO) regulates the porosity and mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite scaffolds. The loading and sustained release of silver-sulfadiazine was observed to be 90.6% after 260 min. The in-vitro analysis was performed using mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell lines. The developed nanocomposite scaffolds exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Based on the results, we propose these novel nanocomposites can serve as potential future biomaterials to repair defected bone with the load-bearing application, and in bone tissue engineering.
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Constantin CP, Aflori M, Damian RF, Rusu RD. Biocompatibility of Polyimides: A Mini-Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3166. [PMID: 31569679 PMCID: PMC6804260 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Polyimides (PIs) represent a benchmark for high-performance polymers on the basis of a remarkable collection of valuable traits and accessible production pathways and therefore have incited serious attention from the ever-demanding medical field. Their characteristics make them suitable for service in hostile environments and purification or sterilization by robust methods, as requested by most biomedical applications. Even if PIs are generally regarded as "biocompatible", proper analysis and understanding of their biocompatibility and safe use in biological systems deeply needed. This mini-review is designed to encompass some of the most robust available research on the biocompatibility of various commercial or noncommercial PIs and to comprehend their potential in the biomedical area. Therefore, it considers (i) the newest concepts in the field, (ii) the chemical, (iii) physical, or (iv) manufacturing elements of PIs that could affect the subsequent biocompatibility, and, last but not least, (v) in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility assessment and (vi) reachable clinical trials involving defined polyimide structures. The main conclusion is that various PIs have the capacity to accommodate in vivo conditions in which they are able to function for a long time and can be judiciously certified as biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin P Constantin
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi-700487, Romania.
| | - Magdalena Aflori
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi-700487, Romania.
| | - Radu F Damian
- SC Intelectro Iasi SRL, Str. Iancu Bacalu, nr.3, Iasi-700029, Romania.
| | - Radu D Rusu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi-700487, Romania.
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