1
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López-Cánovas JL, Naranjo-Martínez B, Diaz-Ruiz A. Fasting in combination with the cocktail Sorafenib:Metformin blunts cellular plasticity and promotes liver cancer cell death via poly-metabolic exhaustion. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00966-2. [PMID: 38990489 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dual-Interventions targeting glucose and oxidative metabolism are receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. Sorafenib (S) and Metformin (M), two gold-standards in liver cancer, are known for their mitochondrial inhibitory capacity. Fasting, a glucose-limiting strategy, is also emerging as chemotherapy adjuvant. Herein, we explore the anti-carcinogenic response of nutrient restriction in combination with sorafenib:metformin (NR-S:M). RESULTS Our data demonstrates that, independently of liver cancer aggressiveness, fasting synergistically boosts the anti-proliferative effects of S:M co-treatment. Metabolic and Cellular plasticity was determined by the examination of mitochondrial and glycolytic activity, cell cycle modulation, activation of cellular apoptosis, and regulation of key signaling and metabolic enzymes. Under NR-S:M conditions, early apoptotic events and the pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS/Bcl-xL ratio were found increased. NR-S:M induced the highest retention in cellular SubG1 phase, consistent with the presence of DNA fragments from cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial functionality, Mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration, Maximal respiration and Spare respiratory capacity, were all found blunted under NR-S:M conditions. Basal Glycolysis, Glycolytic reserve, and glycolytic capacity, together with the expression of glycogenic (PKM), gluconeogenic (PCK1 and G6PC3), and glycogenolytic enzymes (PYGL, PGM1, and G6PC3), were also negatively impacted by NR-S:M. Lastly, a TMT-proteomic approach corroborated the synchronization of liver cancer metabolic reprogramming with the activation of molecular pathways to drive a quiescent-like status of energetic-collapse and cellular death. CONCLUSION Altogether, we show that the energy-based polytherapy NR-S:M blunts cellular, metabolic and molecular plasticity of liver cancer. Notwithstanding the in vitro design of this study, it holds a promising therapeutic tool worthy of exploration for this tumor pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L López-Cánovas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Gerontology, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Beatriz Naranjo-Martínez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Gerontology, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Gerontology, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain.
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2
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Thompson S, Madsen LT, Bazzell A. Impact of Fasting on Patients With Cancer: An Integrative Review. J Adv Pract Oncol 2023; 14:608-619. [PMID: 38196666 PMCID: PMC10715290 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.7.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with cancer often pursue nutrition as an avenue to positively impact their care management and disease outcomes. Nutritional interventions are increasing in popularity, especially intermittent fasting as an adjunct to chemotherapy. However, limited research is available on the impact of intermittent fasting on patients with cancer. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Results 514 articles were identified from the three databases. Seven studies remained after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The seven studies included in this review examined fasting compliance, malnutrition, therapy side effects, endocrine parameters, quality of life measures, and cancer outcomes. Data suggest overall good compliance, no malnutrition, minimal side effects, a trend toward improved endocrine parameters, unchanged quality of life (QOL), and mixed results for cancer outcomes. Conclusion Intermittent fasting as an adjunct to chemotherapy in normal-weight patients with cancer has potential as a safe, tolerable, and feasible nutritional intervention that could positively impact treatment outcomes and QOL. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings and determine what future role intermittent fasting may play in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Thompson
- From Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Lydia T Madsen
- From Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Angela Bazzell
- From Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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3
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Becker S, Momoh J, Biancacci I, Möckel D, Wang Q, May JN, Su H, Candels LS, Berres ML, Kiessling F, Hatting M, Lammers T, Trautwein C. Intermittent Fasting Primes the Tumor Microenvironment and Improves Nanomedicine Delivery in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208042. [PMID: 37376850 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Fasting has many health benefits, including reduced chemotherapy toxicity and improved efficacy. It is unclear how fasting affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor-targeted drug delivery. Here the effects of intermittent (IF) and short-term (STF) fasting are investigated on tumor growth, TME composition, and liposome delivery in allogeneic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse models. To this end, mice are inoculated either subcutaneously or intrahepatically with Hep-55.1C cells and subjected to IF for 24 d or to STF for 1 d. IF but not STF significantly slows down tumor growth. IF increases tumor vascularization and decreases collagen density, resulting in improved liposome delivery. In vitro, fasting furthermore promotes the tumor cell uptake of liposomes. These results demonstrate that IF shapes the TME in HCC towards enhanced drug delivery. Finally, when combining IF with liposomal doxorubicin treatment, the antitumor efficacy of nanochemotherapy is found to be increased, while systemic side effects are reduced. Altogether, these findings exemplify that the beneficial effects of fasting on anticancer therapy outcomes go beyond modulating metabolism at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svea Becker
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Momoh
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ilaria Biancacci
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Diana Möckel
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Qingbi Wang
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas May
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Huan Su
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lena Susanna Candels
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Berres
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hatting
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders, and Internal Intensive Medicine (Med III), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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4
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Xu J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Chen J. The dual role and mutual dependence of heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis in the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic intersection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:483-501. [PMID: 36310300 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In physiological concentrations, heme is nontoxic to the cell and is essential for cell survival and proliferation. Increasing intracellular heme concentrations beyond normal levels, however, will lead to carcinogenesis and facilitate the survival of tumor cells. Simultaneously, heme in an abnormally high quantity is also a potent inducer of tumor cell death, contributing to its ability to generate oxidative stress on the cells by boosting oxidative phosphorylation and suppressing tumors through ferroptosis. During tumorigenesis and progression, therefore, heme works as a double-edged sword. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, which converts heme into physiologically active catabolites of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 maintains redox equilibrium in healthy cells and functions as a carcinogenesis inhibitor. It is widely recognized that HO-1 is involved in the adaptive response to cellular stress and the anti-inflammation effect. Notably, its expression level in cancer cells corresponds with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Besides, heme-binding transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) play a critical regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress and senescence, cell cycle, angiogenesis, immune cell differentiation, and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it was found that Bach1 influences cancer cells' metabolism and metastatic capacity. Bach1 controls heme level by adjusting HO-1 expression, establishing a negative feedback loop. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the authors review recent studies on heme, HO-1, and Bach1 in cancer. Specifically, they cover the following areas: (1) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of heme; (2) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of HO-1; (3) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of Bach1; (4) the interactions of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis involved in tumor progression. CONCLUSION This review summarized the literature about the dual role of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis and their mutual dependence in the carcinogenesis and anti-carcinogenesis intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | | | - Yali Wang
- Jiangsu Huai'an Maternity and Children Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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5
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Kikomeko J, Schutte T, van Velzen MJ, Seefat R, van Laarhoven HW. Short-term fasting and fasting mimicking diets combined with chemotherapy: a narrative review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231161418. [PMID: 36970110 PMCID: PMC10037739 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231161418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many patients with cancer search for and use alternative and complementary treatments, aiming to improve the effectiveness of their anticancer treatment and a reduction in treatment-associated side effects. Short-term fasting (STF) and fasting mimicking diets (FMDs) are among the most commonly used dietary interventions. In recent years, different trials have reported the promising results of dietary interventions in combination with chemotherapy, in terms of slowing down tumor growth and reduction in chemotherapy-related side effects. In this narrative review, we identify and describe the current evidence about feasibility and effects of STF and FMDs in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The studies that examined the effects of STF when combined with chemotherapy suggest potential benefits regarding reduction in side effects and improved quality of life. We also conclude with a list of well-designed studies that are still recruiting patients, examining the long-term effects of STF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Schutte
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merel J.M. van Velzen
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Seefat
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Tiwari S, Sapkota N, Han Z. Effect of Fasting on Cancer: A narrative review of scientific evidence. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3291-3302. [PMID: 35848874 PMCID: PMC9530862 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that fasting could play a key role in cancer treatment by fostering conditions that limit cancer cells' adaptability, survival, and growth. Fasting could increase the effectiveness of cancer treatments and limit adverse events. Yet, we lack an integrated mechanistic model for how these two complicated systems interact, limiting our ability to understand, prevent, and treat cancer using fasting. Here, we review recent findings at the interface of oncology and fasting metabolism, with an emphasis on human clinical studies of intermittent fasting. We recommend combining prolonged periodic fasting with a standard conventional therapeutic approach to promote cancer‐free survival, treatment efficacy and reduce side effects in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagun Tiwari
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, 200137, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Life Care Hospital, Nepal
| | - Namrata Sapkota
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, P.R. China.,Net Fresh Hospital, Nepal
| | - Zhenxiang Han
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, 200137, Shanghai, P.R. China
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7
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Zhou L, Zhang Z, Nice E, Huang C, Zhang W, Tang Y. Circadian rhythms and cancers: the intrinsic links and therapeutic potentials. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:21. [PMID: 35246220 PMCID: PMC8896306 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is an evolutionarily conserved time-keeping system that comprises a wide variety of processes including sleep-wake cycles, eating-fasting cycles, and activity-rest cycles, coordinating the behavior and physiology of all organs for whole-body homeostasis. Acute disruption of circadian rhythm may lead to transient discomfort, whereas long-term irregular circadian rhythm will result in the dysfunction of the organism, therefore increasing the risks of numerous diseases especially cancers. Indeed, both epidemiological and experimental evidence has demonstrated the intrinsic link between dysregulated circadian rhythm and cancer. Accordingly, a rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms is opening new options for cancer therapy, possibly by modulating the circadian clock. In this review, we first describe the general regulators of circadian rhythms and their functions on cancer. In addition, we provide insights into the mechanisms underlying how several types of disruption of the circadian rhythm (including sleep-wake, eating-fasting, and activity-rest) can drive cancer progression, which may expand our understanding of cancer development from the clock perspective. Moreover, we also summarize the potential applications of modulating circadian rhythms for cancer treatment, which may provide an optional therapeutic strategy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Acupuncture and Chronobiology Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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8
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Nitti M, Ivaldo C, Traverso N, Furfaro AL. Clinical Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Tumor Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050789. [PMID: 34067625 PMCID: PMC8155918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a key role in cell adaptation to stressors through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolic products. For these reasons, in cancer cells, HO-1 can favor aggressiveness and resistance to therapies, leading to poor prognosis/outcome. Genetic polymorphisms of HO-1 promoter have been associated with an increased risk of cancer progression and a high degree of therapy failure. Moreover, evidence from cancer biopsies highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression, pathological features, and clinical outcome. Indeed, high levels of HO-1 in tumor specimens often correlate with reduced survival rates. Furthermore, HO-1 modulation has been proposed in order to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapies. However, contrasting evidence on the role of HO-1 in tumor biology has been reported. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 as a promising biomarker of cancer progression; understanding the correlation between HO-1 and clinical data might guide the therapeutic choice and improve the outcome of patients in terms of prognosis and life quality.
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9
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de Groot S, Lugtenberg RT, Cohen D, Welters MJP, Ehsan I, Vreeswijk MPG, Smit VTHBM, de Graaf H, Heijns JB, Portielje JEA, van de Wouw AJ, Imholz ALT, Kessels LW, Vrijaldenhoven S, Baars A, Kranenbarg EMK, Carpentier MDD, Putter H, van der Hoeven JJM, Nortier JWR, Longo VD, Pijl H, Kroep JR. Fasting mimicking diet as an adjunct to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in the multicentre randomized phase 2 DIRECT trial. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3083. [PMID: 32576828 PMCID: PMC7311547 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term fasting protects tumor-bearing mice against the toxic effects of chemotherapy while enhancing therapeutic efficacy. We randomized 131 patients with HER2-negative stage II/III breast cancer, without diabetes and a BMI over 18 kg m-2, to receive either a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) or their regular diet for 3 days prior to and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Here we show that there was no difference in toxicity between both groups, despite the fact that dexamethasone was omitted in the FMD group. A radiologically complete or partial response occurs more often in patients using the FMD (OR 3.168, P = 0.039). Moreover, per-protocol analysis reveals that the Miller&Payne 4/5 pathological response, indicating 90-100% tumor-cell loss, is more likely to occur in patients using the FMD (OR 4.109, P = 0.016). Also, the FMD significantly curtails chemotherapy-induced DNA damage in T-lymphocytes. These positive findings encourage further exploration of the benefits of fasting/FMD in cancer therapy. Trial number: NCT02126449.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie de Groot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rieneke T Lugtenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marij J P Welters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ilina Ehsan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike P G Vreeswijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent T H B M Smit
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hiltje de Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical center Leeuwarden, P.O. Box 888, 8901 NR, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Joan B Heijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amphia, P.O. Box 90157, 4800 RL, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Johanneke E A Portielje
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Haga hospital, P.O. Box 40551, 2504 LN, Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alex L T Imholz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Deventer hospital, P.O. Box 5001, 7416 SE, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke W Kessels
- Department of Medical Oncology, Deventer hospital, P.O. Box 5001, 7416 SE, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan Vrijaldenhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Noordwest hospital group, location Alkmaar, P.O. Box 501, 1815 JD, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Arnold Baars
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Gelderse vallei, 6710 HN, Ede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hein Putter
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J M van der Hoeven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W R Nortier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Valter D Longo
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,IFOM FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milan, Italy
| | - Hanno Pijl
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Kroep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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10
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Gray A, Dang BN, Moore TB, Clemens R, Pressman P. A review of nutrition and dietary interventions in oncology. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120926877. [PMID: 32537159 PMCID: PMC7268120 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120926877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex cellular mechanisms and inter-related pathways of cancer proliferation, evasion, and metastasis remain an emerging field of research. Over the last several decades, nutritional research has prominent role in identifying emerging adjuvant therapies in our fight against cancer. Nutritional and dietary interventions are being explored to improve the morbidity and mortality for cancer patients worldwide. In this review, we examine several dietary interventions and their proposed mechanisms against cancer as well as identifying limitations in the currently available literature. This review provides a comprehensive review of the cancer metabolism, dietary interventions used during cancer treatment, anti metabolic drugs, and their impact on nutritional deficiencies along with a critical review of the following diets: caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, ketogenic diet, Mediterranean diet, Japanese diet, and vegan diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Gray
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian N Dang
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theodore B Moore
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roger Clemens
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, USC School of Pharmacy, International Center for Regulatory Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Pressman
- Polyscience Consulting & Director of Nutrition and Public Health, The Daedalus Foundation, San Clemente, CA, USA
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11
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Effective Synergy of Sorafenib and Nutrient Shortage in Inducing Melanoma Cell Death through Energy Stress. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030640. [PMID: 32155825 PMCID: PMC7140454 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin melanoma is one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat human malignancies, characterized by poor survival rates, thus requiring urgent novel therapeutic approaches. Although metabolic reprogramming has represented so far, a cancer hallmark, accumulating data indicate a high plasticity of cancer cells in modulating cellular metabolism to adapt to a heterogeneous and continuously changing microenvironment, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for dietary manipulation in cancer therapy. To this aim, we exposed melanoma cells to combined nutrient-restriction/sorafenib. Results indicate that cell death was efficiently induced, with apoptosis representing the prominent feature. In contrast, autophagy was blocked in the final stage by this treatment, similarly to chloroquine, which also enhanced melanoma cell sensitization to combined treatment. Energy stress was evidenced by associated treatment with mitochondrial dysfunction and glycolysis impairment, suggesting metabolic stress determining melanoma cell death. A reduction of tumor growth after cycles of intermittent fasting together with sorafenib treatment was also observed in vivo, reinforcing that the nutrient shortage can potentiate anti-melanoma therapy. Our findings showed that the restriction of nutrients by intermittent fasting potentiates the effects of sorafenib due to the modulation of cellular metabolism, suggesting that it is possible to harness the energy of cancer cells for the treatment of melanoma.
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12
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Castejón M, Plaza A, Martinez-Romero J, Fernandez-Marcos PJ, de Cabo R, Diaz-Ruiz A. Energy Restriction and Colorectal Cancer: A Call for Additional Research. Nutrients 2020; 12:E114. [PMID: 31906264 PMCID: PMC7019819 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Colorectal cancer has the second highest cancer-related mortality rate, with an estimated 881,000 deaths worldwide in 2018. The urgent need to reduce the incidence and mortality rate requires innovative strategies to improve prevention, early diagnosis, prognostic biomarkers, and treatment effectiveness. Caloric restriction (CR) is known as the most robust nutritional intervention that extends lifespan and delays the progression of age-related diseases, with remarkable results for cancer protection. Other forms of energy restriction, such as periodic fasting, intermittent fasting, or fasting-mimicking diets, with or without reduction of total calorie intake, recapitulate the effects of chronic CR and confer a wide range of beneficial effects towards health and survival, including anti-cancer properties. In this review, the known molecular, cellular, and organismal effects of energy restriction in oncology will be discussed. Energy-restriction-based strategies implemented in colorectal models and clinical trials will be also revised. While energy restriction constitutes a promising intervention for the prevention and treatment of several malignant neoplasms, further investigations are essential to dissect the interplay between fundamental aspects of energy intake, such as feeding patterns, fasting length, or diet composition, with all of them influencing health and disease or cancer effects. Currently, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of different forms of fasting to fight cancer, particularly colorectal cancer, should still be contemplated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Castejón
- Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (R.d.C.)
| | - Adrian Plaza
- Bioactive Products and Metabolic Syndrome Group-BIOPROMET, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.); (P.J.F.-M.)
| | - Jorge Martinez-Romero
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI, UAM/CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pablo Jose Fernandez-Marcos
- Bioactive Products and Metabolic Syndrome Group-BIOPROMET, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.); (P.J.F.-M.)
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (R.d.C.)
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging Program, Institute IMDEA Food (CEI UAM+CSIC), Crta. de Canto Blanco nº 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (R.d.C.)
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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13
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de Groot S, Pijl H, van der Hoeven JJM, Kroep JR. Effects of short-term fasting on cancer treatment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:209. [PMID: 31113478 PMCID: PMC6530042 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growing preclinical evidence shows that short-term fasting (STF) protects from toxicity while enhancing the efficacy of a variety of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of various tumour types. STF reinforces stress resistance of healthy cells, while tumor cells become even more sensitive to toxins, perhaps through shortage of nutrients to satisfy their needs in the context of high proliferation rates and/or loss of flexibility to respond to extreme circumstances. In humans, STF may be a feasible approach to enhance the efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy. Clinical research evaluating the potential of STF is in its infancy. This review focuses on the molecular background, current knowledge and clinical trials evaluating the effects of STF in cancer treatment. Preliminary data show that STF is safe, but challenging in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials need to unravel if STF can also diminish toxicity and increase efficacy of chemotherapeutic regimes in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie de Groot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno Pijl
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J M van der Hoeven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Kroep
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, P.O. Box 9600, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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14
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Lévesque S, Pol JG, Ferrere G, Galluzzi L, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Trial watch: dietary interventions for cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1591878. [PMID: 31143510 PMCID: PMC6527263 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1591878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary interventions have a profound impact on whole body metabolism, including oncometabolism (the metabolic features allowing cancer cells to proliferate) and immunometabolism (the catabolic and anabolic reactions that regulate immune responses). Recent preclinical studies demonstrated that multiple dietary changes can improve anticancer immunosurveillance of chemo-, radio- and immunotherapy. These findings have fostered the design of clinical trials evaluating the capacity of dietary interventions to synergize with treatment and hence limit tumor progression. Here, we discuss the scientific rationale for harnessing dietary interventions to improve the efficacy of anticancer therapy and present up-to-date information on clinical trials currently investigating this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lévesque
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan G Pol
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Gladys Ferrere
- INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France.,CICBT507, Villejuif, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France.,CICBT507, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Lettieri-Barbato D, Aquilano K. Pushing the Limits of Cancer Therapy: The Nutrient Game. Front Oncol 2018; 8:148. [PMID: 29868472 PMCID: PMC5951973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard cancer treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or their combination, which are generally associated with a multitude of side effects ranging from discomfort to the development of secondary tumors and severe toxicity to multiple systems including immune system. Mounting evidence has highlighted that the fine-tuning of nutrients may selectively sensitize cancer cells to conventional cancer therapies, while simultaneously protecting normal cells from their side effects. Nutrient modulation through diet also improves cancer immunesurveillance in a way that severe immunosuppression could be avoided or even the immune response or immune-based cancer therapies be potentiated also through patient microbiota remodeling. Here, we review recent advances in cancer therapy focusing on the effects of adjuvant dietary interventions (e.g., ketogenic diets, fasting) on the metabolic pathways within cancer cells and tumor environment (e.g., microbiota, immune system, tumor microenvironment) that are involved in cancer progression and resistance as well as cancer cell death. Finally, based on the overall literature data, we designed a nutritional intervention consisting in a plant-based moderate ketogenic diet that could be exploited for future preclinical research in cancer therapy.
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16
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Manai F, Azzalin A, Gabriele F, Martinelli C, Morandi M, Biggiogera M, Bozzola M, Comincini S. The In Vitro Effects of Enzymatic Digested Gliadin on the Functionality of the Autophagy Process. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020635. [PMID: 29473905 PMCID: PMC5855857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliadin, the alcohol-soluble protein fraction of wheat, contains the factor toxic for celiac disease (CD), and its toxicity is not reduced by digestion with gastro-pancreatic enzymes. Importantly, it is proved that an innate immunity to gliadin plays a key role in the development of CD. The immune response induces epithelial stress and reprograms intraepithelial lymphocytes into natural killer (NK)-like cells, leading to enterocyte apoptosis and an increase in epithelium permeability. In this contribution, we have reported that in Caco-2 cells the administration of enzymatically digested gliadin (PT-gliadin) reduced significantly the expression of the autophagy-related marker LC3-II. Furthermore, electron and fluorescent microscope analysis suggested a compromised functionality of the autophagosome apparatus. The rescue of the dysregulated autophagy process, along with a reduction of PT-gliadin toxicity, was obtained with a starvation induction protocol and by 3-methyladenine administration, while rapamycin, a well-known autophagy inducer, did not produce a significant improvement in the clearance of extra- and intra-cellular fluorescent PT-gliadin amount. Altogether, our results highlighted the possible contribution of the autophagy process in the degradation and in the reduction of extra-cellular release of gliadin peptides and suggest novel molecular targets to counteract gliadin-induced toxicity in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Azzalin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Fabio Gabriele
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Carolina Martinelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Martina Morandi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mauro Bozzola
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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17
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Lo Re O, Vinciguerra M. Histone MacroH2A1: A Chromatin Point of Intersection between Fasting, Senescence and Cellular Regeneration. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120367. [PMID: 29206173 PMCID: PMC5748685 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone variants confer chromatin unique properties. They have specific genomic distribution, regulated by specific deposition and removal machineries. Histone variants, mostly of canonical histones H2A, H2B and H3, have important roles in early embryonic development, in lineage commitment of stem cells, in the converse process of somatic cell reprogramming to pluripotency and, in some cases, in the modulation of animal aging and life span. MacroH2A1 is a variant of histone H2A, present in two alternatively exon-spliced isoforms macroH2A1.1 and macroH2A1.2, regulating cell plasticity and proliferation, during pluripotency and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, macroH2A1 participates in the formation of senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHF) in senescent cells, and multiple lines of evidence in genetically modified mice suggest that macroH2A1 integrates nutritional cues from the extracellular environment to transcriptional programs. Here, we review current molecular evidence based on next generation sequencing data, cell assays and in vivo models supporting different mechanisms that could mediate the function of macroH2A1 in health span and life span. We will further discuss context-dependent and isoform-specific functions. The aim of this review is to provide guidance to assess histone variant macroH2A1 potential as a therapeutic intervention point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Lo Re
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St'Anne University Hospital, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St'Anne University Hospital, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.
- Division of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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18
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Ferraresi A, Titone R, Follo C, Castiglioni A, Chiorino G, Dhanasekaran DN, Isidoro C. The protein restriction mimetic Resveratrol is an autophagy inducer stronger than amino acid starvation in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2681-2691. [PMID: 28856729 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The potential benefit of nutrient starvation in the prevention and treatment of cancer is presently under consideration. Resveratrol (RV), a dietary polyphenol acting as a protein (caloric) restriction mimetic, could substitute for amino acid starvation. The effects of starvation and of caloric restriction are mediated, among others, by autophagy, a process that contributes to cell homeostasis by promoting the lysosomal degradation of damaged and redundant self-constituents. Up-regulation of autophagy favors cell survival under nutrient shortage situation, and may drive cancer cells into a non-replicative, dormant state. Both RV and amino acid starvation effectively induced the aminoacid response and autophagy. These processes were associated with inhibition of the mTOR pathway and disruption of the BECLIN1-BCL-2 complex. The number of transcripts positively impinging on the autophagy pathway was higher in RV-treated than in starved cancer cells. Consistent with our data, it appears that RV treatment is more effective than and can substitute for starvation for inducing autophagy in cancer cells. The present findings are clinically relevant because of the potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ferraresi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Rossella Titone
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Follo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Castiglioni
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, Biella, Italy
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
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19
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Lo Re O, Panebianco C, Porto S, Cervi C, Rappa F, Di Biase S, Caraglia M, Pazienza V, Vinciguerra M. Fasting inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation and potentiates anti-cancer activity of Sorafenib in hepatocellular cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1202-1212. [PMID: 28471474 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor outcome. Most HCCs develop in the context of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by chronic inflammation. Short-term fasting approaches enhance the activity of chemotherapy in preclinical cancer models, other than HCC. Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib is the mainstay of treatment in HCC. However, its benefit is frequently short-lived. Whether fasting can alleviate liver fibrosis and whether combining fasting with Sorafenib is beneficial remains unknown. A 24 hr fasting (2% serum, 0.1% glucose)-induced changes on human hepatic stellate cells (HSC) LX-2 proliferation/viability/cell cycle were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry. Expression of lypolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation markers (vimentin, αSMA) was evaluated by qPCR and immunoblotting. Liver fibrosis and inflammation were evaluated in a mouse model of steatohepatitis exposed to cycles of fasting, by histological and biochemical analyses. A 24 hr fasting-induced changes were also analyzed on the proliferation/viability/glucose uptake of human HCC cells exposed to Sorafenib. An expression panel of genes involved in survival, inflammation, and metabolism was examined by qPCR in HCC cells exposed to fasting and/or Sorafenib. Fasting decreased the proliferation and the activation of HSC. Repeated cycles of short term starvation were safe in mice but did not improve fibrosis. Fasting synergized with Sorafenib in hampering HCC cell growth and glucose uptake. Finally, fasting normalized the expression levels of genes which are commonly altered by Sorafenib in HCC cells. Fasting or fasting-mimicking diet diets should be evaluated in preclinical studies as a mean to potentiate the activity of Sorafenib in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Lo Re
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Stefania Porto
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Carlo Cervi
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Biase
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), California
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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20
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Nitti M, Piras S, Marinari UM, Moretta L, Pronzato MA, Furfaro AL. HO-1 Induction in Cancer Progression: A Matter of Cell Adaptation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020029. [PMID: 28475131 PMCID: PMC5488009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is one of the most important mechanisms of cell adaptation to stress. Indeed, the redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 is the pivotal regulator of HO-1 induction. Through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antinflammatory properties of its metabolic products, HO-1 plays a key role in healthy cells in maintaining redox homeostasis and in preventing carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, several lines of evidence have highlighted the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and its expression correlates with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastatic and angiogenetic potential, resistance to therapy, tumor escape, and poor prognosis, even though a tumor- and tissue-specific activity has been observed. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the pro-tumorigenic role of HO-1 dependent tumor progression as a promising target in anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Piras
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Umberto M Marinari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
| | - Maria A Pronzato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, IRCCS, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy.
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