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Wu Q, Ouyang Y. Association of ATG16L1 and ATG5 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection and progression to HCC in central China. Microbiol Immunol 2024; 68:47-55. [PMID: 37991129 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a severe public health problem worldwide. The relationship between polymorphisms of autophagy-related 16-like 1 gene (ATG16L1) and autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) with susceptibility to the stage of HBV infection has been reported in different populations. Nevertheless, this association is not seen in the population of central China. This study recruited 452 participants, including 246 HBV-infected patients (139 chronically infected HBV without hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and 107 HBV-related HCC patients) and 206 healthy controls. Genotyping of ATG16L1 rs2241880 and ATG5 rs688810 were performed using Sanger sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, respectively. Our results indicated that the G allele of ATG16L1 rs2241880 was more frequent in healthy controls than in patients with chronicHBV infection. After adjusting for age and sex, an association between the ATG16L1 rs2241880 polymorphism and HBV infection was significant under the dominant and allele models (p = 0.009 and 0.003, respectively). However, no association between the ATG5 polymorphisms and HBV infection was observed. We also did not find a significant association between ATG16L1 and ATG5 polymorphisms and the progression of HBV-related HCC. Therefore, the genetic polymorphism of ATG16L1 rs2241880 may be associated with susceptibility to HBV infection in the population of central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yaoling Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Nikolopoulou GB, Tzoutzas I, Tsakris A, Maltezou HC. Hepatitis B in Healthcare Personnel: An Update on the Global Landscape. Viruses 2023; 15:2454. [PMID: 38140695 PMCID: PMC10748141 DOI: 10.3390/v15122454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the outstanding progress that has been made in the prevention, detection, and management of hepatitis B during the past decades, hepatitis B remains a problem among healthcare personnel (HCP) in many countries. We reviewed studies on all aspects of hepatitis B in HCP published from 2017 through April 2023. They revealed wide variations on the prevalence of infection among HCP, ranging from 0.6% in Europe to >8.7% in Africa, almost always in association with very low vaccination rates. Many studies found a significant association between HCP's knowledge about hepatitis B and hepatitis B vaccines, their vaccination status, and practices. This research also discloses global inequities regarding vaccination policies against hepatitis B, free-of-charge vaccinations, and access to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Strategies to prevent and manage accidental exposures are needed in order to reduce the burden of hepatitis B on HCP, while written policies for all aspects of infection prevention, protective equipment, and PEP should be available. Lastly, HCP should be accordingly educated. These are all imperative given the decline of routine vaccinations in the COVID-19 era, particularly in countries with fragile vaccination programs, and the disruptions of interventions for hepatitis B that are expected to provide a pool of virus transmission to future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia B. Nikolopoulou
- Department of Hepatitis, National Public Health Organization, 3-5 Agrafon Street, 15123 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Tzoutzas
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Street, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Helena C. Maltezou
- Directorate of Research, Studies and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, 3-5 Agrafon Street, 15123 Athens, Greece
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Cheng TW, Yang JF, Chen YY, Wu KT, Lee MS, Kuo HJ, Lin TC, Wang CL, Hsieh MH, Lin CY, Batsaikhan B, Ho CK, Dai CY. Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in the Cohort of College Students with Vaccination in Taiwan. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020348. [PMID: 36851225 PMCID: PMC9964940 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
After the mass vaccination project in Taiwan, the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for the college-aged population of 18 to 21 years is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B markers in different birth cohorts. A total of 38,075 students in universities in Kaohsiung area undergoing entrance examinations between July 2006 to September 2020 were included. Seroprevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) status and laboratory data were collected. The seropositive rate of HBsAg was less than 1% for students born after 1991. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were significantly higher, and body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in HBV carriers compared to those who were not carriers (all p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age, male, higher BMI, and positive HBsAg were risk factors of abnormal ALT value. A decrease in the positive rate of anti-HBs which was significantly higher in the cohort of plasma-derived vaccines than recombinant vaccines was found. We concluded that there were decreasing trends in seropositive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs for students of the college-aged population in the Kaohsiung area. The status of HBsAg was a predictive factor of abnormal ALT levels. The period effect on anti-HBs seropositivity for DNA recombinant vaccine somehow existed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Wei Cheng
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu Yang
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yu Chen
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ta Wu
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Szu Lee
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ju Kuo
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Lin
- Executive Master of Healthcare Administration, Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Wang
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Hsieh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Batbold Batsaikhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia
| | - Chi-Kung Ho
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Health Management Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Rahmani A, Montecucco A, Kusznir Vitturi B, Debarbieri N, Dini G, Durando P. Long-Term Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in the Protection of Healthcare Students in Highly Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1841. [PMID: 36366350 PMCID: PMC9695994 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus represents an important global health problem. In highly developed countries, mass vaccination campaigns of newborns in recent decades have drastically reduced the proportion of carriers. However, workers exposed to blood and body fluids, including healthcare students, can be at risk of exposure. In order to assess the proportion of susceptible individuals in the specific population of healthcare students in highly developed countries, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarize the evidence on the persistence of humoral immune protection induced by the primary cycle of hepatitis B vaccination, as well as the proportion of true non-responders. Forty-six studies were included in the final analysis (52,749 participants). Overall, the seroprotection prevalence at the pre-exposure assessment was equal to 73.8% (95% CI 69.1-78.0); the prevalence of anamnestic response following the administration of a challenge dose was 90.9% (95% CI 87.7-93.3), demonstrating a high proportion of persistence of vaccination-induced immunity. Among those without evidence of anamnestic response, 5.0% (95% CI 2.1-11.5) were non-responders following the completion of a secondary immunization cycle. These findings demonstrate that the majority of healthcare students vaccinated with the complete HBV primary cycle maintain an effective humoral immunity against this pathogen for over two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alborz Rahmani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Montecucco
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Debarbieri
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Dini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Durando
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Verso MG, Costantino C, Marrella A, Immordino P, Vitale F, Amodio E. Kinetics of Anti-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Titers in Nurse Students after a Two-Year Follow-Up. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E467. [PMID: 32839391 PMCID: PMC7563960 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be prevented through a safe and effective vaccine. This study analysed the kinetics of serum antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (anti-HBs) titers in relation to previous vaccine boosters in Italian nursing students who were followed up for two years. Serum anti-HBs titers were evaluated at the first visit, after vaccine booster (if required) and at visit after two years. Overall, 483 students (mean age = 21.7 years; SD = 3.7) with median anti-HBs IgG titer of 6 mUI/mL (interquartile range (IQR) = 0-34) were enrolled. A total of 254 (52.5%) students with a titer lower than 10 mIU/mL were offered an anti-HBV booster at the first visit. Among these students, an exponential relation between anti-HBs IgG titer, one month after HBV booster and anti-HBs IgG titer two years later was found (y = 3.32 exp (0.0045x); R2 = 0.48; p < 0.001). Students with anti-HBV titer higher than 10 mIU/mL (N = 229) were followed up, and anti-HBs IgG titers at follow-up visit linearly correlated with anti-HBV baseline titers (y = 0.86x + 26.2; R2 = 0.67; p < 0.001). A decrease in anti-HBs titers can be expected a few years after the anti-HBV booster dose. This reduction is more pronounced than that observed in students not administered the booster dose and is exponential with respect to basal titers assessed after the booster dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriella Verso
- Occupational Health Unit, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantino
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (P.I.); (F.V.); (E.A.)
| | - Alessandro Marrella
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (P.I.); (F.V.); (E.A.)
| | - Palmira Immordino
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (P.I.); (F.V.); (E.A.)
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (P.I.); (F.V.); (E.A.)
| | - Emanuele Amodio
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.M.); (P.I.); (F.V.); (E.A.)
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