The complete mitochondrial genome of ostorhinchus fleurieu (kurtiformes: Apogonidae) and phylogenetic studies of apogoninae

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Fowleria variegata (Valenciennes, 1832) Mitochondrial Genome and Its Phylogenetic Implications within the Family Apogonidae

Controversies surrounding the phylogenetic relationships within the family Apogonidae have persisted due to the limited molecular data, obscuring the evolution of these diverse tropical marine fishes. This study presents the first complete mitochondrial genome of Fowleria variegata, a previously unrepresented genus, using high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Through a comparative mitogenomic analysis, F. variegate was shown to exhibit a typical genome architecture and composition, including 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA and 2 rRNA genes and a control region, consistent with studies of other Apogonidae species. Nearly all protein-coding genes started with ATG, while stop codons TAA/TAG/T were observed, along with evidence of strong functional constraints imposed via purifying selection. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches provided robust evidence that F. variegata forms a basal lineage closely related to P. trimaculatus within Apogonidae, offering novel perspectives into the molecular evolution of this family. By generating new mitogenomic resources and evolutionary insights, this study makes important headway in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships and mitogenomic characteristics of Apogonidae fishes. The findings provide critical groundwork for future investigations into the drivers of diversification, speciation patterns, and adaptive radiation underlying the extensive ecological diversity and biological success of these marine fishes using phylogenomics and population genomics approaches.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Ostorhinchus novemfasciatus and phylogenetic studies of Apogoninae

The complete mitochondrial genome of Ostorhinchus novemfasciatus was first presented in this study. The full length of the mitochondrial genome was 16,779 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNA genes, a non-coding control region (CR) and one origin of replication on the light-strand (OL). The total nucleotide composition of mitochondrial DNA was 26.0% A, 30.2% C, 26.2% T and 17.5% G. 12 PCGs used the canonical ATG as their initiation codon, whereas COI gene started with an alternative start codon GTG. The mitochondrial genome of O. novemfasciatus described in this study could be a useful basis for the management of this species and laid a foundation for further research involved with phylogenetic relationship within Apogoninae.

Channa argus BMH from Baima Hu Lake: sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome

Northern snakehead, Channa argus, is a commercially important food fish species in China. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of C.argus from the Baima Hu Lake was characterized. It is 16,558 bp in length, consist of 22 tRNA genes, 13 PCD genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 D-loop region. The overall base composition of the C. argus mitogenome is 27.26% A, 24.21% T, 31.58% C and 16.95% G, exhibits a similar AT bias (51.47%) feature to other vertebrate mitogenomes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that C. argus clustered in genus Channa. The present resultes provide useful information to population genetics and conservation biology studies of Channa fishes.

Complete mitochondrial genome of broadbanded cardinalfish (Ostorhinchus fasciatus) and phylogenetic analysis

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Ostorhinchus fasciatus was first determined and its phylogenetic position was investigated. The mitogenome was 16568 bp long and showed a typical teleost orders, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosome RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition included A, 25.89%; C, 30.40%; G, 17.46%; and T, 26.26%. Except for nad6 was located on the light strand, the other PCGs were encoded on the heavy strand. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that O. fasciatus shared a close relationship with Sphaeramia orbicularis and Pterapogon kauderni.

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Sarcocheilichthys sinensis (Bleeker) from Baima Hu Lake

Sarcocheilichthys sinensis (Bleeker), is a small-sized benthopelagic fish with ornamental value. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of S. sinensis was sequenced and determined. The complete mitogenome of S. sinensis was 16,683 bp in length, consisting of 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions. The overall base composition of the S. sinensis mitogenome is 30.50% A, 26.28% T, 26.60% C, and 16.61% G, exhibiting obvious AT bias (56.79%). The phylogenetic analysis showed that S. sinensis clustered in genus Sarcocheilichthys. Present study provides useful data to population genetics and conservation biology of Sarcocheilichthys fishes.