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Silva AFE, Antoniolli HDRM, Zefa E, Valente VLDS, Deprá M. Phylomitogenomics of two Neotropical species of long-legged crickets Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae). Genet Mol Biol 2024; 46:e20230144. [PMID: 38648091 PMCID: PMC11034622 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial genomes have provided significant insights into the evolution of several insects. A typical mitogenome contains 37 genes, and variations in gene order can indicate evolutionary relationships between species. In this study, we have assembled the first complete mitogenomes of Endecous chape and E. onthophagus and analyzed the phylogenetic implications for the Gryllidea infraorder. We performed DNA extractions and genome sequencing for both Endecous species. Subsequently, we searched for raw data in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) in NCBI. Using the SRA data, we assembled the partial mitogenome of Dianemobius nigrofasciatus and annotated the protein-coding genes (PCGs) for nine species. Phylogenomic relationships were reconstructed using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI), utilizing the PCGs from 49 Gryllidea species. The mitogenome lengths of E. chape and E. onthophagus are 16,266 bp and 16,023 bp, respectively, while D. nigrofasciatus has a length of 15,359 bp. Our results indicate that species within the infraorder exhibit four types of gene order arrangements that align with their phylogenetic relationships. Both phylogenomic trees displayed strong support, and the ML corroborated with the literature. Gryllidea species have significantly contributed to various fields, and studying their mitogenomes can provide valuable insights into this infraorder evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise Fernandes e Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique da Rocha Moreira Antoniolli
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Edison Zefa
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Zoologia, Ecologia e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia da Silva Valente
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maríndia Deprá
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Hawlitschek O, Sadílek D, Dey LS, Buchholz K, Noori S, Baez IL, Wehrt T, Brozio J, Trávníček P, Seidel M, Husemann M. New estimates of genome size in Orthoptera and their evolutionary implications. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275551. [PMID: 36920952 PMCID: PMC10016648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal genomes vary widely in size, and much of their architecture and content remains poorly understood. Even among related groups, such as orders of insects, genomes may vary in size by orders of magnitude-for reasons unknown. The largest known insect genomes were repeatedly found in Orthoptera, e.g., Podisma pedestris (1C = 16.93 pg), Stethophyma grossum (1C = 18.48 pg) and Bryodemella holdereri (1C = 18.64 pg). While all these species belong to the suborder of Caelifera, the ensiferan Deracantha onos (1C = 19.60 pg) was recently found to have the largest genome. Here, we present new genome size estimates of 50 further species of Ensifera (superfamilies Gryllidea, Tettigoniidea) and Caelifera (Acrididae, Tetrigidae) based on flow cytometric measurements. We found that Bryodemella tuberculata (Caelifera: Acrididae) has the so far largest measured genome of all insects with 1C = 21.96 pg (21.48 gBp). Species of Orthoptera with 2n = 16 and 2n = 22 chromosomes have significantly larger genomes than species with other chromosome counts. Gryllidea genomes vary between 1C = 0.95 and 2.88 pg, and Tetrigidae between 1C = 2.18 and 2.41, while the genomes of all other studied Orthoptera range in size from 1C = 1.37 to 21.96 pg. Reconstructing ancestral genome sizes based on a phylogenetic tree of mitochondrial genomic data, we found genome size values of >15.84 pg only for the nodes of Bryodemella holdereri / B. tuberculata and Chrysochraon dispar / Euthystira brachyptera. The predicted values of ancestral genome sizes are 6.19 pg for Orthoptera, 5.37 pg for Ensifera, and 7.28 pg for Caelifera. The reasons for the large genomes in Orthoptera remain largely unknown, but a duplication or polyploidization seems unlikely as chromosome numbers do not differ much. Sequence-based genomic studies may shed light on the underlying evolutionary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hawlitschek
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - David Sadílek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Centre of Oncocytogenomics, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lara-Sophie Dey
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buchholz
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sajad Noori
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Inci Livia Baez
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Timo Wehrt
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jason Brozio
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), München, Germany
| | - Pavel Trávníček
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Martin Husemann
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany
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Ma Y, Miao Y. Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera). INSECTS 2022; 13:919. [PMID: 36292867 PMCID: PMC9604337 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to limited molecular data, the phylogenetic position of the family Gryllotalpidae is still controversial in the infraorder Gryllidea. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) plays a crucial role in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and revealing the molecular evolution of insects. However, only four mitogenomes have been reported in Gryllotalpidae to date. Herein, we obtained the first mitogenomes of Gryllotalpa henana Cai & Niu, 1998 and the Chinese G. orientalis Burmeister, 1838, made a detailed comparison of all mitogenomes available in Gryllotalpidae and reconstructed the phylogeny of Gryllidea based on mitogenomes using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The results show that the complete mitogenome sequences of G. henana (15,504 bp) and G. orientalis (15,497 bp) are conserved, both exhibiting the double-stranded circular structure, typical gene content and the ancestral insect gene arrangement. The complete mitogenome of G.henana exhibits the lowest average AT content ever detected in Gryllotalpidae, and even Gryllidea. The gene nad2 of both species has atypical initiation codon GTG. All tRNAs exhibit typical clover-leaf structure, except for trnS1 lacking the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm. A potential stem-loop structure, containing a (T)n(TC)2(T)n sequence, is detected in the control region of all gryllotalpids investigated and is likely related to the replication initiation of the minority strand. The phylogenetic analyses recover the six families of Gryllidea as Gryllotalpidae + (Myrmecophilidae + (Mogoplistidae + (Trigonidiidae + (Phalangopsidae + Gryllidae)))), similar to the trees based on transcriptomic and mitogenomic data. However, the trees are slightly different from the multilocus phylogenies, which show the sister-group relationship of Gryllotalpidae and Myrmecophilidae. The contradictions between mitogenomic and multilocus trees are briefly discussed.
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Kataoka K, Togawa Y, Sanno R, Asahi T, Yura K. Dissecting cricket genomes for the advancement of entomology and entomophagy. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:75-97. [PMID: 35340598 PMCID: PMC8921346 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in biophysical methods such as next-generation sequencing technologies have now opened the way to conduct evolutionary and applied research based on the genomic information of greatly diverse insects. Crickets belonging to Orthoptera (Insecta: Polyneoptera), one of the most flourishing groups of insects, have contributed to the development of multiple scientific fields including developmental biology and neuroscience and have been attractive targets in evolutionary ecology for their diverse ecological niches. In addition, crickets have recently gained recognition as food and feed. However, the genomic information underlying their biological basis and application research toward breeding is currently underrepresented. In this review, we summarize the progress of genomics of crickets. First, we outline the phylogenetic position of crickets in insects and then introduce recent studies on cricket genomics and transcriptomics in a variety of fields. Furthermore, we present findings from our analysis of polyneopteran genomes, with a particular focus on their large genome sizes, chromosome number, and repetitive sequences. Finally, how the cricket genome can be beneficial to the food industry is discussed. This review is expected to enhance greater recognition of how important the cricket genomes are to the multiple biological fields and how basic research based on cricket genome information can contribute to tackling global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kataoka
- Comprehensive Research Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Togawa
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuto Sanno
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Asahi
- Comprehensive Research Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Yura
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Dalos J, Royauté R, Hedrick AV, Dochtermann NA. Phylogenetic conservation of behavioural variation and behavioural syndromes. J Evol Biol 2021; 35:311-321. [PMID: 34536964 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individuals frequently differ consistently from one another in their average behaviours (i.e. 'animal personality') and in correlated suites of consistent behavioural responses (i.e. 'behavioural syndromes'). However, understanding the evolutionary basis of this (co)variation has lagged behind demonstrations of its presence. This lag partially stems from comparative methods rarely being used in the field. Consequently, much of the research on animal personality has relied on 'adaptive stories' focused on single species and populations. Here, we used a comparative approach to examine the role of phylogeny in shaping patterns of average behaviours, behavioural variation and behavioural correlations. In comparing the behaviours and behavioural variation for five species of Gryllid crickets, we found that phylogeny shaped average behaviours and behavioural (co)variation. Despite differences among species, behavioural responses and variation were most similar among more closely related species. These results suggest that phylogenetic constraints play an important role in the expression of animal personalities and behavioural syndromes and emphasize the importance of examining evolutionary explanations within a comparative framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Dalos
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Raphaël Royauté
- Movement Ecology Group, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ann V Hedrick
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ned A Dochtermann
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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Barranco P, Molina-Pardo JL. Cuticular Structures in Micropterous Crickets (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Petaloptilini, Gryllomorphini). INSECTS 2021; 12:708. [PMID: 34442274 PMCID: PMC8396912 DOI: 10.3390/insects12080708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Orthoptera is a very diverse group that has colonized practically all terrestrial ecosystems on the planet. They have adapted to live in the endogenous environment as well as in caves so that some species exhibit troglomorphic characteristics. This group has been extensively studied due to its economic and social importance; however, many basic morphological and biological questions remain to be solved. In this study, a comparative morphological study by scanning electron microscopy of different structures of eight species of micropteran crickets of the tribes Gryllomorphini and Petaloptilini, whose tegmina had lost their flight and song functionality was carried out. Special emphasis was placed on the tegmina and their possible relationship to reproductive functions. In addition, to assess troglomorphism in the genus Petaloptila, the biometric parameters of six other species have been considered. Actualization of the lifestyle of the studied species has also been carried out. The results show structures not previously described in this group (gland openings, setae, pores, or group of campaniform sensilla). Structures not previously described in this group have been detected, and tegmina (glandular openings and devoured tegmina) seem to confer a role in reproduction. Troglomorphisms are only observed in species of the subgenus Zapetaloptila. Statistically, significant differences have been found in characters such as cephalic elongation, ocular reduction, greater length of appendages, and depigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Barranco
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Cite II-B, CECOUAL, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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