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Lin X, Zhou Y, Xue L. Mitochondrial complex I subunit MT-ND1 mutations affect disease progression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28808. [PMID: 38596130 PMCID: PMC11002282 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I is an important component of the oxidative respiratory chain, with the mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 1 (MT-ND1) being one of the core subunits. MT-ND1 plays a role in the assembly of complex I and its enzymatic function. MT-ND1 gene mutation affects pathophysiological processes, such as interfering with the early assembly of complex I, affecting the ubiquinone binding domain and proton channel of complex I, and affecting oxidative phosphorylation, thus leading to the occurrence of diseases. The relationship between MT-ND1 gene mutation and disease has been has received increasing research attention. Therefore, this article reviews the impact of MT-ND1 mutations on disease progression, focusing on the impact of such mutations on diseases and their possible mechanisms, as well as the application of targeting MT-ND1 gene mutations in disease diagnosis and treatment. We aim to provide a new perspective leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between MT-ND1 gene mutations and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
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2
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Ding X, Fang T, Pang X, Pan X, Tong A, Lin Z, Zheng S, Zheng N. Mitochondrial DNA abnormalities and metabolic syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1153174. [PMID: 36968196 PMCID: PMC10036395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1153174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex pathological condition that involves disrupted carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism in the human body, and is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. While the exact pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome is not yet fully understood, there is increasing evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction, which is closely related to the mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial dynamics, to the development of this condition. Recent advancements in genetic sequencing technologies have allowed for more accurate detection of mtDNA mutations and other mitochondrial abnormalities, leading to earlier diagnosis and intervention in patients with metabolic syndrome. Additionally, the identification of specific mechanisms by which reduced mtDNA copy number and gene mutations, as well as abnormalities in mtDNA-encoded proteins and mitochondrial dynamics, contribute to metabolic syndrome may promote the development of novel therapeutic targets and interventions, such as the restoration of mitochondrial function through the targeting of specific mitochondrial defects. Additionally, advancements in genetic sequencing technologies may allow for more accurate detection of mtDNA mutations and other mitochondrial abnormalities, leading to earlier diagnosis and intervention in patients with MetS. Therefore, strategies to promote the restoration of mitochondrial function by addressing these defects may offer new options for treating MetS. This review provides an overview of the research progress and significance of mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial dynamics in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingting Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pang
- Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueru Pan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University-The Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Aiying Tong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University-The Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziyi Lin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University-The Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Shikuan Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University-The Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Ningning Zheng,
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Barreiro K, Lay AC, Leparc G, Tran VDT, Rosler M, Dayalan L, Burdet F, Ibberson M, Coward RJM, Huber TB, Krämer BK, Delic D, Holthofer H. An in vitro approach to understand contribution of kidney cells to human urinary extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12304. [PMID: 36785873 PMCID: PMC9925963 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membranous particles secreted by all cells and found in body fluids. Established EV contents include a variety of RNA species, proteins, lipids and metabolites that are considered to reflect the physiological status of their parental cells. However, to date, little is known about cell-type enriched EV cargo in complex EV mixtures, especially in urine. To test whether EV secretion from distinct human kidney cells in culture differ and can recapitulate findings in normal urine, we comprehensively analysed EV components, (particularly miRNAs, long RNAs and protein) from conditionally immortalised human kidney cell lines (podocyte, glomerular endothelial, mesangial and proximal tubular cells) and compared to EV secreted in human urine. EV from cell culture media derived from immortalised kidney cells were isolated by hydrostatic filtration dialysis (HFD) and characterised by electron microscopy (EM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting (WB). RNA was isolated from EV and subjected to miRNA and RNA sequencing and proteins were profiled by tandem mass tag proteomics. Representative sets of EV miRNAs, RNAs and proteins were detected in each cell type and compared to human urinary EV isolates (uEV), EV cargo database, kidney biopsy bulk RNA sequencing and proteomics, and single-cell transcriptomics. This revealed that a high proportion of the in vitro EV signatures were also found in in vivo datasets. Thus, highlighting the robustness of our in vitro model and showing that this approach enables the dissection of cell type specific EV cargo in biofluids and the potential identification of cell-type specific EV biomarkers of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Barreiro
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Abigail C. Lay
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - German Leparc
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
| | - Van Du T. Tran
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Marcel Rosler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
| | - Lusyan Dayalan
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Frederic Burdet
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital‐IT GroupSIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Richard J. M. Coward
- Bristol RenalBristol Medical SchoolFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Bernhard K. Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology)University Medical Centre MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
| | - Denis Delic
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG BiberachBiberachGermany
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology)University Medical Centre MannheimUniversity of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
| | - Harry Holthofer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- III Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
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Dong XC, Liu C, Zhuo GC, Ding Y. Potential Roles of mtDNA Mutations in PCOS-IR: A Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:139-149. [PMID: 36760584 PMCID: PMC9884460 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s393960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common heterogeneous endocrine disease that affecting females in reproductive age. Insulin resistance (IR), an important molecular basis for PCOS, accounts for at least 75% of women carrying this syndrome. Although there have been many studies on PCOS-IR, the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. As essential hub for energy generation, mitochondria are critical to insulin secretion and normal function, whereas mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) result in mitochondrial dysfunctions contributing to the pathophysiology of PCOS-IR via the regulation of balance of oxidative stress (OS), energy deficiency, or hormone metabolism. In the current review, we summarize the clinical and molecular features of PCOS-IR and discuss molecular mechanisms related to mtDNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chao Dong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Chao Zhuo
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Ding
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Ding, Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-571-5600-5600, Email
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Al-Ghamdi BA, Al-Shamrani JM, El-Shehawi AM, Al-Johani I, Al-Otaibi BG. Role of mitochondrial DNA in diabetes Mellitus Type I and Type II. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103434. [PMID: 36187456 PMCID: PMC9523097 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality from diabetes mellitus and associated illnesses is a major problem across the globe. Anti-diabetic medicines must be improved despite existing breakthroughs in treatment approaches. Diabetes has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, particular mitochondrial diabetes kinds like MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes & deafness) and DAD (diabetic autonomic dysfunction) have been identified and studied (diabetes and Deafness). Some mutations as in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), that encodes for a significant portion of mitochondrial proteins as well as mitochondrial tRNA essential for mitochondrial protein biosynthesis, are responsible for hereditary mitochondrial diseases. Tissue-specificity and heteroplasmy have a role in the harmful phenotype of mtDNA mutations, making it difficult to generalise findings from one study to another. There are a huge increase in the number for mtDNA mutations related with human illnesses that have been identified using current sequencing technologies. In this study, we make a list on mtDNA mutations linked with diseases and diabetic illnesses and explore the methods by which they contribute to the pathology's emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Ali Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biotechnology, Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Intisar Al-Johani
- Department of Biotechnology, Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia
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Amor H, Hammadeh ME. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Mitochondrial Variations on Male Infertility. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071182. [PMID: 35885965 PMCID: PMC9325252 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
According to current estimates, infertility affects one in four couples trying to conceive. Primary or secondary infertility can be due either to both partners or only to the man or the woman. Up to 15% of infertility cases in men can be attributed to genetic factors that can lead to irreversible partial or complete spermatogenic arrest. The increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has provided not only insights into the causes of male infertility but also afforded a diagnostic tool to detect and manage this condition among couples. Genes control a variety of physiological attributes, such as the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, development, and germ cell differentiation. In the era of ART, it is important to understand the genetic basis of infertility so as to provide the most tailored therapy and counseling to couples. Genetic factors involved in male infertility can be chromosome abnormalities or single-gene disorders, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, Y-chromosome deletions, multifactorial disorders, imprinting disorders, or endocrine disorders of genetic origin. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome as an indicator of sperm quality and fertility.
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Kuan SW, Chua KH, Tan EW, Tan LK, Loch A, Kee BP. Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing of Malaysian patients with cardiomyopathy. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13265. [PMID: 35441061 PMCID: PMC9013480 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CMP) constitutes a diverse group of myocardium diseases affecting the pumping ability of the heart. Genetic predisposition is among the major factors affecting the development of CMP. Globally, there are over 100 genes in autosomal and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that have been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of CMP. However, most of the genetic studies have been conducted in Western countries, with limited data being available for the Asian population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the mutation spectrum in the mitochondrial genome of 145 CMP patients in Malaysia. Long-range PCR was employed to amplify the entire mtDNA, and whole mitochondrial genome sequencing was conducted on the MiSeq platform. Raw data was quality checked, mapped, and aligned to the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). Variants were named, annotated, and filtered. The sequencing revealed 1,077 variants, including 18 novel and 17 CMP and/or mitochondrial disease-associated variants after filtering. In-silico predictions suggested that three of the novel variants (m.8573G>C, m.11916T>A and m.11918T>G) in this study are potentially pathogenic. Two confirmed pathogenic variants (m.1555A>G and m.11778G>A) were also found in the CMP patients. The findings of this study shed light on the distribution of mitochondrial mutations in Malaysian CMP patients. Further functional studies are required to elucidate the role of these variants in the development of CMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheh Wen Kuan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kek Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - E-Wei Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lay Koon Tan
- National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Loch
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon Pin Kee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Qi Y, Wu Z, Bai Y, Jiao Y, Li P. Screening for Mitochondrial tRNA Mutations in 318 Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Hum Hered 2022; 87:000521615. [PMID: 34991096 DOI: 10.1159/000521615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complex cardiovascular disease with unknown etiology. Although nuclear genes play active roles in DCM, mitochondrial dysfunction was believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of DCM. The objective of this study is to analysis the association between mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mutations and DCM. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a mutational analysis of mt-tRNA genes in a cohort of 318 patients with DCM and 200 age- and gender-matched control subjects. To further assess their pathogenicity, phylogenetic analysis and mitochondrial functions including mtDNA copy number, ATP and ROS were analyzed. RESULTS 7 possible pathogenic mutations: MT-TL1 3302A>G, MT-TI 4295A>G, MT-TM 4435A>G, MT-TA 5655T>C, MT-TH 12201T>C, MT-TE 14692A>G and MT-TT 15927G>A were identified in DCM group but absent in controls. These mutations occurred at extremely conserved nucleotides of corresponding tRNAs, and led to the failure in tRNAs metabolism. Moreover, a significant reduction in ATP and mtDNA copy number, whereas a markedly increased in ROS level were observed in polymononuclear leukocytes (PMNs) derived from the DCM patients carrying these mt-tRNA mutations, suggesting that these mutations may cause mitochondrial dysfunction that was responsible for DCM. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that mt-tRNA mutations may be the molecular basis for DCM, which shaded novel insight into the pathophysiology of DCM that was manifestated by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Ding Y, Zhang S, Guo Q, Zheng H. Mitochondrial Diabetes is Associated with tRNA Leu(UUR) A3243G and ND6 T14502C Mutations. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1687-1701. [PMID: 35685248 PMCID: PMC9172734 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s363978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In particular, m.A3243G is the most common T2DM-related mtDNA mutation in many families worldwide. However, the clinical features and pathophysiology of m.A3243G-induced T2DM are largely undefined. METHODS Two pedigrees with maternally inherited T2DM were underwent clinical, molecular and biochemical assessments. The mtDNA genes were PCR amplified and sequenced. Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in polymononuclear leukocytes derived from three patients with both the m.A3243G and m.T14502C mutations, three patients with only the m.A3243G mutation and three controls without these mutations. Moreover, GJB2, GJB3 and GJB6 mutations were screened by PCR-Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Members of the two pedigrees manifestated variable clinical phenotypes including diabetes and hearing and vision impairments. The age at onset of T2DM varied from 31 to 66 years, with an average of 41 years. Mutational analysis of mitochondrial genomes indicated the presence of the m.A3243G mutation in both pedigrees. Matrilineal relatives in one of the pedigrees harbored the coexisting of m.A3243G and m.T14502C mutations. Remarkably, the m.T14502C mutation, which causes the substitution of a conserved isoleucine for valine at position 58 in ND6 mRNA, may affect the mitochondrial respiratory chain functions. Biochemical analysis revealed that cell lines bearing both the m.A3243G and m.T14502C mutations exhibited greater reductions in ATP levels and increased ROS production compared with those carrying only the m.A3243G mutation. However, we did not find any mutations in the GJB2, GJB3 and GJB6 genes. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that mitochondrial diabetes is associated with the tRNALeu(UUR) A3243G and ND6 T14502C mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Ding, Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-571-56005600, Email
| | - Shunrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinxian Guo
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Saha SK, Saba AA, Hasib M, Rimon RA, Hasan I, Alam MS, Mahmud I, Nabi AN. Evaluation of D-loop hypervariable region I variations, haplogroups and copy number of mitochondrial DNA in Bangladeshi population with type 2 diabetes. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07573. [PMID: 34377852 PMCID: PMC8327661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The profound impact of mitochondrion in cellular metabolism has been well documented. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction is intricately linked with the disease pathogenesis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants are involved with functional dysfunction of mitochondrion and play a pivotal role in the susceptibility to T2D. In this study, we opted to find the association of mtDNA variants within the D-loop hypervariable region I (HVI), haplogroups and mtDNA copy number with T2D in Bangladeshi population. A total of 300 unrelated Bangladeshi individuals (150 healthy and 150 patients with T2D) were recruited in the present study, their HVI regions were amplified and sequenced using Sanger chemistry. Haplogrep2 and Phylotree17 tools were employed to determine the haplogroups. MtDNA copy number was measured using primers of mitochondrial tRNALeu (UUR) gene and nuclear β2-microglobulin gene. Variants G16048A (OR:0.12, p = 0.04) and G16129A (OR: 0.42, p = 0.007) were found to confer protective role against T2D according to logistic regression analysis. However along with G16129A, two new variants C16294T and T16325C demonstrated protective role against T2D when age and gender were adjusted. Haplogroups A and H showed significant association with the risk of T2D after adjustments out of total 19 major haplogroups identified. The mtDNA copy numbers were stratified into 4 groups according to the quartiles (groups with lower, medium, upper and higher mtDNA copy numbers were respectively designated as LCN, MCN, UCN and HCN). Patients with T2D had significantly lower mtDNA copy number compared to their healthy counterparts in HCN group. Moreover, six mtDNA variants were significantly associated with mtDNA copy number in the participants. Thus, our study confers that certain haplogroups and novel variants of mtDNA are significantly associated with T2D while decreased mtDNA copy number (though not significant) has been observed in patients with T2D. However, largescale studies are warranted to establish association of novel variants and haplogroup with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajoy Kanti Saha
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Saba
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Hasib
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Razoan Al Rimon
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Imrul Hasan
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sohrab Alam
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ishtiaq Mahmud
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - A.H.M. Nurun Nabi
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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The Role of Mitochondrial Mutations and Chronic Inflammation in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136733. [PMID: 34201756 PMCID: PMC8268113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and related disorders significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in the current therapeutic methods, further development of anti-diabetic therapies is necessary. Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be implicated in diabetes development. Moreover, specific types of mitochondrial diabetes have been discovered, such as MIDD (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness) and DAD (diabetes and Deafness). Hereditary mitochondrial disorders are caused by certain mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which encodes for a substantial part of mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial tRNA necessary for mitochondrial protein synthesis. Study of mtDNA mutations is challenging because the pathogenic phenotype associated with such mutations depends on the level of its heteroplasmy (proportion of mtDNA copies carrying the mutation) and can be tissue-specific. Nevertheless, modern sequencing methods have allowed describing and characterizing a number of mtDNA mutations associated with human disorders, and the list is constantly growing. In this review, we provide a list of mtDNA mutations associated with diabetes and related disorders and discuss the mechanisms of their involvement in the pathology development.
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Shuai J, Shi J, Liang Y, Ji F, Gu L, Yuan Z. Mutational analysis of mitochondrial tRNA genes in 138 patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:865-876. [PMID: 34053002 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are the most important causes for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Of these, three primary mtDNA mutations account for more than 90% cases of this disease. However, to date, little is known regarding the relationship between mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) variants and LHON. AIM In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between mt-tRNA variants and LHON. METHODOLOGY One hundred thirty-eight LHON patients lacking three primary mutations (ND1 3460G > A, ND4 11778Gxs > A, and ND6 14484 T > C), as well as 266 controls were enrolled in this study. PCR-Sanger sequencing was performed to screen the mt-tRNA variants. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis, pathogenicity scoring system, as well as mitochondrial functions were performed. RESULTS We identified 8 possible pathogenic variants: tRNAPhe 593 T > C, tRNALeu(UUR) 3275C > T, tRNAGln 4363 T > C, tRNAMet 4435A > G, tRNAAla 5587 T > C, tRNAGlu 14693A > G, tRNAThr 15927G > A, and 15951A > G, which may change the structural and functional impact on the corresponding tRNAs, and subsequently lead to a failure in tRNA metabolism. Furthermore, significant reductions in mitochondrial ATP and MMP levels and an overproduction of ROS were observed in cybrid cells containing these mt-tRNA variants, suggesting that these variants may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction which was responsible for LHON. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that mt-tRNA variants were associated with LHON, and screening for mt-tRNA variants were recommended for early detection, diagnosis, and prevention of maternally inherited LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shuai
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ya Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangfang Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhilan Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhunina OA, Yabbarov NG, Grechko AV, Starodubova AV, Ivanova E, Nikiforov NG, Orekhov AN. The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Vascular Disease, Tumorigenesis, and Diabetes. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:671908. [PMID: 34026846 PMCID: PMC8138126 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.671908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be associated with a wide range of human pathologies, such as cancer, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. One of the possible ways of mitochondrial involvement in the cellular damage is excessive production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) that cannot be effectively neutralized by existing antioxidant systems. In mitochondria, ROS and RNS can contribute to protein and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage causing failure of enzymatic chains and mutations that can impair mitochondrial function. These processes further lead to abnormal cell signaling, premature cell senescence, initiation of inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent studies have identified numerous mtDNA mutations associated with different human pathologies. Some of them result in imbalanced oxidative phosphorylation, while others affect mitochondrial protein synthesis. In this review, we discuss the role of mtDNA mutations in cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. We provide a list of currently described mtDNA mutations associated with each pathology and discuss the possible future perspective of the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Zhunina
- Chemical Biology Department, Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Yabbarov
- Chemical Biology Department, Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Ivanova
- Department of Basic Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Gene Biology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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You X, Huang X, Bi L, Li R, Zheng L, Xin C. Clinical and molecular features of two diabetes families carrying mitochondrial ND1 T3394C mutation. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:749-758. [PMID: 33840063 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are found to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the molecular pathogenesis of these mutations in T2DM is still poorly understood. METHODS In this study, we report here the molecular features of two Han Chinese families with maternally transmitted T2DM. The matrilineal relatives are undergoing clinical, biochemical, genetic evaluations, and molecular analysis. Furthermore, the entire mitochondrial genomes of these matrilineal relatives are screened by PCR-Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The age at onset of T2DM of these participants varies from 28 to 71 years, with an average of 43 years. Molecular analysis of mitochondrial genomes identifies the existence of ND1 T3394C mutation in both families, together with sets of variants belonging to mitochondrial haplogroup Y2 and M9a. The m.T3394C mutation is localized at very conserved tyrosine at position 30 of ND1, may result the failure in ND1 mRNA metabolism, and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, sequence analysis of matrilineal relatives in Family 1 identifies the m.A14693G mutation which occurs in the TΨC-loop of tRNAGlu (position 54), and is critical to the structural formation and stabilization of this tRNA. Thus, m.A14693G mutation may cause the impairment in tRNA metabolism, thereby worsens the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by ND1 T3394C mutation. However, no functional mtDNA variants are identified in Family 2 which suggest that mitochondrial haplogroup may not play an important role in diabetes expression. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that mitochondrial ND1 T3394C mutation is involved in the pathogenesis of maternally inherited T2DM in these families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xueming Huang
- Department of Emergency, Luzhou Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Luowen Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Hospital of Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Hospital of Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Changzheng Xin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Hospital of Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
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