1
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Ren Z, Ding K, Zhou X, Ji T, Sun H, Chi X, Xu M. 4D printing light-driven actuator with lignin photothermal conversion module. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126562. [PMID: 37652328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Light-responsive shape memory polymers are attractive as they can be activated through remote and spatially-controlled light. In this work, 4D printing of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with a near-infrared light-responsive was achieved by using the simple melt blending method and adding 3 wt% of lignin. Lignin with a conjugated structure was used as the photothermal conversion module. The composites exhibited significant photothermal effects under near-infrared (808 nm) laser irradiation, and the laser irradiation was also effective in initiating and controlling the shape memory. The structure of lignin can be improved by the action of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) to enhance the interfacial adhesion between polyamide elastomer (PAE) and polylactic acid (PLA), reduce the size of dispersed phases, and serve as an effective rheological modifier to exhibit the ideal melt viscosity required for 3D printing of composites. The good mechanical, thermal stability, and rheological properties provide assurance for the 4D printing of composites. This research provides an environmentally friendly and practical method for creating composites that have the potential to serve as ideal actuator components in a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechun Ren
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kejiao Ding
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tong Ji
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiang Chi
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Min Xu
- Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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2
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Wiphanurat C, Hanthanon P, Ouipanich S, Harnkarnsujarit N, Magaraphan R, Nampitch T. Blending HDPE with biodegradable polymers using modified natural rubber as a compatibilizing agent: mechanical, physical, chemical, thermal and morphological properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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3
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Stefaniak K, Masek A, Jastrzębska A. Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Modified with Natural Substances. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227877. [PMID: 36431977 PMCID: PMC9697396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to show the possible impact of natural antioxidants on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) green composites. Thus, the ENR/PLA blends were prepared with the addition of three selected phytochemicals (catechin hydrate, eugenol and flavone). Obtained materials were submitted for solar aging. The analysis of the samples’ features revealed that catechin hydrate is a natural substance that may delay the degradation of ENR/PLA blends under the abovementioned conditions. The blend loaded with catechin hydrate presented stable color parameters (dE < 3 a.u.), the highest aging coefficient (K = 0.38 a.u.) and the lowest carbonyl index based on FT-IR data (CI = 1.56) from among all specimens. What is more, this specimen prolonged the oxidation induction time in comparison with the reference samples. Gathered data prove the efficiency of catechin hydrate as an anti-aging additive. Additionally, it was found that a specimen loaded with flavone changed its color parameters significantly after solar aging (dE = 14.83 a.u.) so that it would be used as an aging indicator. Eventually, presented eco-friendly ENR-based compositions may be applied in polymer technology where materials presenting specific properties are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Stefaniak
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Masek
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra Jastrzębska
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
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4
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Ma Z, Zhang C, Tang D, Yang Y, Yang F, Zhao M, Han Y, Weng Y. Enhancing toughness of poly(lactic acid) by regulating the hydroxyl value and viscosity of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Caili Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Duo Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Min Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing China
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5
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Petchwattana N, Sukkaneewat B, Naknaen P, Sanetuntikul J, Jansri E. Synergistic effects of bio‐plasticizer and core–shell rubber on poly(lactic acid) toughness for sustainable flexible packaging applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nawadon Petchwattana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Srinakharinwirot University Nakhon Nayok Thailand
| | - Benjatham Sukkaneewat
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Udon Thani Rajabhat University Udon Thani Thailand
| | - Phisut Naknaen
- Division of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and Technology Srinakharinwirot University Nakhon Nayok Thailand
| | - Jakkid Sanetuntikul
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Rayong Thailand
| | - Ektinai Jansri
- Division of Polymer Materials Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Product Innovation and Technology Srinakharinwirot University Nakhon Nayok Thailand
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6
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In situ grafting approach for preparing PLA/PHBV degradable blends with improved mechanical properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Coiai S, Di Lorenzo ML, Cinelli P, Righetti MC, Passaglia E. Binary Green Blends of Poly(lactic acid) with Poly(butylene adipate- co-butylene terephthalate) and Poly(butylene succinate- co-butylene adipate) and Their Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2489. [PMID: 34372090 PMCID: PMC8348712 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is the most widely produced biobased, biodegradable and biocompatible polyester. Despite many of its properties are similar to those of common petroleum-based polymers, some drawbacks limit its utilization, especially high brittleness and low toughness. To overcome these problems and improve the ductility and the impact resistance, PLA is often blended with other biobased and biodegradable polymers. For this purpose, poly(butylene adipate-co-butylene terephthalate) (PBAT) and poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) are very advantageous copolymers, because their toughness and elongation at break are complementary to those of PLA. Similar to PLA, both these copolymers are biodegradable and can be produced from annual renewable resources. This literature review aims to collect results on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA/PBAT and PLA/PBSA blends, as binary blends with and without addition of coupling agents. The effect of different compatibilizers on the PLA/PBAT and PLA/PBSA blends properties is here elucidated, to highlight how the PLA toughness and ductility can be improved and tuned by using appropriate additives. In addition, the incorporation of solid nanoparticles to the PLA/PBAT and PLA/PBSA blends is discussed in detail, to demonstrate how the nanofillers can act as morphology stabilizers, and so improve the properties of these PLA-based formulations, especially mechanical performance, thermal stability and gas/vapor barrier properties. Key points about the biodegradation of the blends and the nanocomposites are presented, together with current applications of these novel green materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Coiai
- CNR-ICCOM, National Research Council—Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maria Laura Di Lorenzo
- CNR-IPCB, National Research Council—Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maria Cristina Righetti
- CNR-IPCF, National Research Council—Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Passaglia
- CNR-ICCOM, National Research Council—Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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8
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Vishnu Chandar J, Mutharasu D, Mohamed K, Marsilla KIK, Shanmugan S, Azlan AA. Synergetic effect of micro-hBN and nano-Al2O3 fillers on structural, surface, thermal, and mechanical properties of PLA/hBN/Al 2O 3 hybrid composites: experimental and theoretical investigation. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1861290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Vishnu Chandar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - D. Mutharasu
- Western Digital Corporation, MCoE, PTDI-SSD, Western Digital Corporation, Seberang Perai Selatan, Malaysia
| | - K. Mohamed
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - K. I. K. Marsilla
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - S. Shanmugan
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
| | - A. A. Azlan
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
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9
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Wei XF, Nilsson F, Yin H, Hedenqvist MS. Microplastics Originating from Polymer Blends: An Emerging Threat? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:4190-4193. [PMID: 33733742 PMCID: PMC8154352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
No one can have missed the growing global environmental problems with plastics ending up as microplastics in food, water, and soil, and the associated effects on nature, wildlife, and humans. A hitherto not specifically investigated source of microplastics is polymer blends. A 1 g polymer blend can contain millions to billions of micrometer-sized species of the dispersed phase and therefore aging-induced fragmentation of the polymer blends can lead to the release of an enormous amount of microplastics. Especially if the stability of the dispersed material is higher than that of the surrounding matrix, the risk of microplastic migration is notable, for instance, if the matrix material is biodegradable and the dispersed material is not. The release can also be much faster if the matrix polymer is biodegradable. The purpose of writing this feature article is to arise public and academic attention to the large microplastic risk from polymer blends during their development, production, use, and waste handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Feng Wei
- Fibre
and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE−100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fritjof Nilsson
- Fibre
and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE−100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Division
Bioeconomy and Health, RISE Research Institutes
of Sweden, SE−114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael S. Hedenqvist
- Fibre
and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE−100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Vishnu Chandar J, Mutharasu D, Mohamed K, Marsilla KIK, Shanmugan S, Azlan AA. Melt compounded polylactic acid-hexagonal boron nitride-aluminum oxide hybrid composites for electronic applications: impact of hybrid fillers on thermophysical, dielectric, optical, and hardness properties. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1793192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Vishnu Chandar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - D. Mutharasu
- MCoE, PTDI-Solid State Drive (SSD), Western Digital Corporation, Sebarang Perai Selatan, Malaysia
| | - K. Mohamed
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - K. I. K. Marsilla
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - S. Shanmugan
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
| | - A. A. Azlan
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
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11
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Li Z, Shi S, Yang F, Cao D, Zhang K, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Supertough and Transparent Poly(lactic acid) Nanostructure Blends with Minimal Stiffness Loss. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13148-13157. [PMID: 32548501 PMCID: PMC7288571 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This contribution is an attempt to explore the effectiveness of a series of newly obtained thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) as a toughening agent for modifying poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The TPEs, including ionically modified isotactic polypropylene-graft-PLA (iPP-g-PLA) copolymers with explicit graft length, graft density, and ionic group content, and an iPP-g-PLA copolymer with a very high molecular weight and explicit graft density, were elaborately designed and synthesized. The semicrystal or rubbery copolymer backbone originated from iPP was designed to improve the toughness and maintain a relatively high strength, while the grafted PLA side chain was to ensure a high level of compatibility with the PLA matrix. To obtain further enhancement in interfacial reinforcement, the imidazolium-based ionic group was also added during graft onto reaction. All of these graft copolymers were identified with randomly distributed PLA branches, bearing a very high molecular weight ((33-398) × 104) and very high PLA content (57.3-89.3 wt %). Unprecedentedly, with a very small amount of newly designed TPE, the modified PLA blends exhibited a significantly increased elongation at break (up to about 190%) and simultaneously retained the very high stiffness and excellent transparency. The nanometer-scale phase-separated particles with good compatibility and refractive index matching to the PLA matrix were demonstrated to play a crucial role in the excellent performance. The findings suggested that the newly designed iPP-g-PLA copolymers are very economic, promising, and effective modifying agents for developing highly transparent and tough PLA-based sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Li
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuwen Shi
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dafu Cao
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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