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Soundararajan S, Selvakumar J, Maria Joseph ZM, Gopinath Y, Saravanan V, Santhanam R. Investigating the modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera on the gut microbiota of chicken model through metagenomic approach. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1153769. [PMID: 37323848 PMCID: PMC10267347 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1153769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to assess the effects of supplementing chicken feed with Moringa oleifera leaf powder, a phytobiotic, on the gastrointestinal microbiota. The objective was to examine the microbial changes induced by the supplementation. Methods A total of 40, one-day-old chickens were fed their basal diet for 42 days and then divided into two groups: SG1 (basal diet) and SG2 (basal diet + 10 g/kg Moringa oleifera leaf powder). Metagenomics analysis was conducted to analyze operational taxonomic units (OTUs), species annotation, and biodiversity. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed for molecular characterization of isolated gut bacteria, identified as Enterococcus faecium. The isolated bacteria were tested for essential metabolites, demonstrating antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Results and discussion The analysis revealed variations in the microbial composition between the control group (SG1) and the M. oleifera-treated group (SG2). SG2 showed a 47% increase in Bacteroides and a 30% decrease in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes compared to SG1. TM7 bacteria were observed exclusively in the M. oleifera-treated group. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf powder acts as a modulator that enhances chicken gut microbiota, promoting the colonization of beneficial bacteria. PICRUSt analysis supported these findings, showing increased carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the M.oleifera-treated gut microbiota. Conclusion This study indicates that supplementing chicken feed with Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a phytobiotic enhances the gut microbiota in chicken models, potentially improving overall health. The observed changes in bacterial composition, increased presence of Bacteroides, and exclusive presence of TM7 bacteria suggest a positive modulation of microbial balance. The essential metabolites from isolated Enterococcus faecium bacteria further support the potential benefits of Moringa oleifera supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmiya Soundararajan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated With Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jasmine Selvakumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated With Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zion Mercy Maria Joseph
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated With Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yuvapriya Gopinath
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated With Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vaishali Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated With Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rameshkumar Santhanam
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Aljazzaf B, Regeai S, Elghmasi S, Alghazir N, Balgasim A, Hdud Ismail IM, Eskandrani AA, Shamlan G, Alansari WS, AL-Farga A, Alghazeer R. Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera ( Moringaceae) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice: A Biochemical and Histological Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9136217. [PMID: 37215365 PMCID: PMC10198764 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9136217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to screen M. oleifera methanolic leaf (L) extract, seed (S) extract, and a combined leaf/seed extract (2L : 1S ratio) for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities in mice following administration at a dose level of 500 mg/kg of body weight/day. Diabetes was induced by alloxan administration. Mice were treated with the extracts for 1 and 3 months and compared with the appropriate control. At the end of the study period, the mice were euthanized and pancreas, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters and histopathology. The oral administration of the combined L/S extract significantly reduced fasting blood glucose to normal levels compared with L or S extracts individually; moreover, a significant decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, liver enzymes, and oxidant markers was observed, with a concomitant increase in antioxidant biomarkers. Thus, the combined extract has stronger antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties than the individual extracts. The histopathological results also support the biochemical parameters, showing recovery of the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissue. The effects of the combined L/S extracts persisted throughout the study period tested. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of a combined L/S extract of M. oleifera in an alloxan-induced diabetic model in mice. Our results suggest the potential for developing a natural potent antidiabetic drug from M. oleifera; however, clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Aljazzaf
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait
| | - Sassia Regeai
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Science, Libyan Academy of Postgraduate Studies, Janzour, Libya
- Histology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Sana Elghmasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Nadia Alghazir
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripoli University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Amal Balgasim
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ismail M. Hdud Ismail
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Areej A. Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa S. Alansari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Alghazeer
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Xu Y, Chen G, Muema FW, Xiao J, Guo M. Most Recent Research Progress in Moringa oleifera: Bioactive Phytochemicals and Their Correlated Health Promoting Effects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2195189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Pareek A, Pant M, Gupta MM, Kashania P, Ratan Y, Jain V, Pareek A, Chuturgoon AA. Moringa oleifera: An Updated Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Activities, Ethnomedicinal, Phytopharmaceutical Formulation, Clinical, Phytochemical, and Toxicological Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032098. [PMID: 36768420 PMCID: PMC9916933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera, also known as the "tree of life" or "miracle tree," is classified as an important herbal plant due to its immense medicinal and non-medicinal benefits. Traditionally, the plant is used to cure wounds, pain, ulcers, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, and inflammation. This review aims to compile an analysis of worldwide research, pharmacological activities, phytochemical, toxicological, and ethnomedicinal updates of Moringa oleifera and also provide insight into its commercial and phytopharmaceutical applications with a motive to help further research. The scientific information on this plant was obtained from various sites and search engines such as Scopus, Pub Med, Science Direct, BMC, Google Scholar, and other scientific databases. Articles available in the English language have only been referred for review. The pharmacological studies confirm the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts from the various plant parts. It was found that bioactive constituents are present in every part of the plant. So far, more than one hundred compounds from different parts of Moringa oleifera have been characterized, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes. In addition, novel isolates such as muramoside A&B and niazimin A&B have been identified in the plant and have potent antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and nutritional effects. The traditional and nontraditional use of Moringa, its pharmacological effects and their phytopharmaceutical formulations, clinical studies, toxicity profile, and various other uses are recognized in the present review. However, several traditional uses have yet to be scientifically explored. Therefore, further studies are proposed to explore the mechanistic approach of the plant to identify and isolate active or synergistic compounds behind its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.A.C.)
| | - Malvika Pant
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 3303, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Pushpa Kashania
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yashumati Ratan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vivek Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aaushi Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil A. Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.A.C.)
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Alavilli H, Poli Y, Verma KS, Kumar V, Gupta S, Chaudhary V, Jyoti A, Sahi SV, Kothari SL, Jain A. Miracle Tree Moringa oleifera: Status of the Genetic Diversity, Breeding, In Vitro Propagation, and a Cogent Source of Commercial Functional Food and Non-Food Products. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3132. [PMID: 36432862 PMCID: PMC9694164 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) is a fast-growing drought-resistant tree belonging to the family Moringaceae and native to the Indian subcontinent and cultivated and/or naturalized worldwide with a semi-arid climate. MO is also popularly known as a miracle tree for its repertoire of nutraceutical, pharmacological, and phytochemical properties. The MO germplasm is collected, conserved, and maintained by various institutions across the globe. Various morphological, biochemical, and molecular markers are used for determining the genetic diversity in MO accessions. A higher yield of leaves and pods is often desirable for making various products with commercial viability and amenable for trade in the international market. Therefore, breeding elite varieties adapted to local agroclimatic conditions and in vitro propagation are viable and sustainable approaches. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of MO germplasm conservation and various markers that are employed for assessing the genetic diversity among them. Further, breeding and in vitro propagation of MO for various desirable agronomic traits are discussed. Finally, trade and commerce of various functional and biofortified foods and non-food products are enumerated albeit with a need for a rigorous and stringent toxicity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemasundar Alavilli
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Yugandhar Poli
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India
| | - Kumar Sambhav Verma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Swati Gupta
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India
| | - Vigi Chaudhary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Anupam Jyoti
- Biotechnology Department, Chandigarh University, National Highway-95, Ludhiana-Chandigarh State Highway, Chandigarh 160055, India
| | - Shivendra V. Sahi
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University (University City Campus), 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shanker Lal Kothari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
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Barrios Renteria JC, Espinoza-Espinoza LA, Valdiviezo-Marcelo J, Moreno-Quispe LA. Sensorially accepted Mangifera indica and Myrciaria dubia yogurts with high ascorbic acid content. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.999400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid deficiency has been associated with several health conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the content of ascorbic acid and the sensorial qualities of Mangifera indica and Myrciaria dubia yogurts. Four yogurt treatments were elaborated with different concentrations of these fruits (T1: 15% and 5%; T2: 15% and 10%; T3: 20% and 5% and T4: 20% and 10%) respectively, compared with a control treatment (CT: yogurt with 15% of Fragaria vesca). The ascorbic acid contents of the different treatments were determined by spectrophotometry, with values in the following order (T1: 63.2 mg/100 g; T2:114.3 mg/100 g; T3: 57.3 mg/100 g; T4: 115.1 and the control treatment CT:11.5 mg/100 g). The sensorial evaluation consisted of the application of a hedonic scale of 5 points (1: I dislike it very much; 2: I dislike it; 3: I neither like it nor dislike it; 4: I like it; 5: I like it a lot), results show evidence that the acidity level had a significant influence during the sensory evaluation. Treatment (T3) showed the greatest preference. The use of Mangifera indica and Myrciaria dubia in the treatments studied ensured ascorbic acid concentrations compared to the control treatment. This was significantly appreciated by consumers when the percentage of Myrciaria dubia was less than 10% of the total mass of the yogurt.
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Ali Redha A, Perna S, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Peroni G, Nichetti M, Iannello G, Naso M, Faliva MA, Rondanelli M. Novel insights on anti-obesity potential of the miracle tree, Moringa oleifera: A systematic review. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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