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Búzás A, Makai A, Groma GI, Dancsházy Z, Szendi I, Kish LB, Santa-Maria AR, Dér A. Hierarchical organization of human physical activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5981. [PMID: 38472275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human physical activity (HPA), a fundamental physiological signal characteristic of bodily motion is of rapidly growing interest in multidisciplinary research. Here we report the existence of hitherto unidentified hierarchical levels in the temporal organization of HPA on the ultradian scale: on the minute's scale, passive periods are followed by activity bursts of similar intensity ('quanta') that are organized into superstructures on the hours- and on the daily scale. The time course of HPA can be considered a stochastic, quasi-binary process, where quanta, assigned to task-oriented actions are organized into work packages on higher levels of hierarchy. In order to grasp the essence of this complex dynamic behaviour, we established a stochastic mathematical model which could reproduce the main statistical features of real activity time series. The results are expected to provide important data for developing novel behavioural models and advancing the diagnostics of neurological or psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Búzás
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - András Makai
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Géza I Groma
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Dancsházy
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary
| | - István Szendi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kiskunhalas Semmelweis Hospital, 1 Dr. Monszpart László Street, Kiskunhalas, 6400, Hungary
| | - Laszlo B Kish
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, TAMUS 3128, College Station, TX, 77843-3128, USA
| | - Ana Raquel Santa-Maria
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - András Dér
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, P.O.B. 521, Szeged, 6701, Hungary.
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Actigraphic features of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2017; 33:58-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Theoretical accounts and psychological interventions for bipolar disorder indicate that disruption of circadian rhythms is important, both in affective episodes and as a vulnerability factor in subsyndromal periods. This study aims at assessing both circadian activity and sleep patterns using actigraphy within a bipolar sample experiencing low levels of subsyndromal symptoms. It is hypothesized that such participants will display circadian activity disruption in spite of low levels of symptoms. METHODS This study employed a mixed design with cross-sectional assessment of mood and week-long (7-day) recording of actigraphy data. All clinical participants were psychiatric outpatients within a UK NHS Hospital. Nineteen bipolar patients and 19 age- and gender-matched controls wore an actigraph for 7 days to obtain sleep and circadian activity data. SCID was used to confirm DSM-IV diagnostic status. Self-report measures of mood were obtained from both groups. RESULTS Bipolar patients were found to have less stable and more variable circadian activity patterns than controls. Regression analysis indicated that variability alone was a significant independent predictor of diagnostic group. There was evidence from raw activity data that bipolar patients were also less active than controls. These differences were not associated with levels of subsyndromal symptoms. Bipolar patients did not differ from controls on any of the sleep indices used. CONCLUSIONS Circadian activity disruption is apparent in bipolar patients even when not acutely ill. This finding is not associated with the presence of sleep disturbance. Should such patterns be replicated interventions to address both circadian instability and individual attributions for the effects of such instability are likely to be relevant to successful psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Huntley Jones
- Academic Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Manchester, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK.
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