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Rababa'h AM, Hussein SA, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH. The Protective Effect of Cilostazol in Genotoxicity Induced by Methotrexate in Human Cultured Lymphocytes. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 13:137-143. [PMID: 31702497 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666191023120118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate is an antagonist of folic acid that has been shown to be genotoxic to healthy body cells via induction of oxidative stress. Cilostazol is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor and a potent antioxidant drug. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential protective effect of cilostazol on methotrexate genotoxicity. METHODS The genotoxic effect of methotrexate by measuring the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human cultured lymphocytes was studied. RESULTS Methotrexate significantly increased the frequency of CAs and SCEs (p < 0.0001) as compared to control cultures. This chromosomal damage induced by methotrexate was considerably decreased by pretreatment of the cells with cilostazol (P < 0.01). Moreover, the results showed that methotrexate resulted in a notable reduction (P < 0.01) in cells kinetic parameters, the mitotic index (MI) and the proliferative index (PI). Similarly, cilostazol significantly reduced the mitotic index, which could be related to the anti-proliferative effect (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Methotrexate is genotoxic, and cilostazol could prevent the methotrexate-induced chromosomal damage with no modulation of methotrexate-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Rababa'h
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samah A Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Al-Eitan LN, Alzoubi KH, Al-Smadi LI, Khabour OF. Vitamin E protects against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104672. [PMID: 31629897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an anticancer drug that is widely used in treatments of human malignancies such as ovaries,' testes,' and solid tumors of the head and neck. However, the use of cisplatin in the treatments can be associated with DNA damage and high risk to the development of secondary malignancies. Vitamin E is a strong lipophilic antioxidant that has the ability to protect normal cells from chromosomal damage and promote the repair of the damaged DNA. In the current study, the possible protective effect of vitamin E on DNA damage induced by cisplatin was investigated. For that, chromosomal aberrations (CAs) frequency and the number of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were measured in cultured human lymphocytes. Results showed that cisplatin statistically significant increases in the number of cells with CAs (P < 0.05) and in the frequency of SCEs (P < 0.05) as compared to the control group. These increases were significantly lowered by pretreatment of cells with vitamin E. Additionally, cisplatin reduced mitotic index at used concentrations (P < 0.05), which was normalized by vitamin E. Therefore, we conclude that vitamin E can prevent the genotoxicity of cisplatin on cultured human lymphocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith N Al-Eitan
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Lara I Al-Smadi
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan.
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Alqudah MA, Al-Ashwal FY, Alzoubi KH, Alkhatatbeh M, Khabour O. Vitamin E protects human lymphocytes from genotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:281-286. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1384835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fahmi Y. Al-Ashwal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alkhatatbeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Azab M, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Hawamdeh H, Quttina M, Nassar L. Assessment of genotoxicity of pyrethrin in cultured human lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2016; 40:251-255. [PMID: 27461411 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1209679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethrin is an insecticide that is obtained from the Chrysanthemum flower (Pyrethrum). In this study, we examined the genotoxic effects of pyrethrin on cultured human lymphocytes using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assays. Cultures were treated with different concentrations of pyrethrin (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL), which was dissolved in in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The results showed that treatment of cultured lymphocytes with pyrethrin at 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL induced significant elevation in SCEs (p < 0.05). In addition, the 100 μg/mL concentration significantly affected both mitotic and proliferative indices (p < 0.05). Finally, pyrethrin induced significant elevation in the oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results suggest that pyrethrin is genotoxic as measured by two independent assays on genetic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azab
- a Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- c Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan , and
| | - Hasan Hawamdeh
- a Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan
| | - Maram Quttina
- b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Liliana Nassar
- d Department of Applied Biological Sciences , Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
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Khabour OF, Enaya FM, Alzoubi K, Al-Azzam SI. Evaluation of DNA damage induced by norcantharidin in human cultured lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2015; 39:303-6. [PMID: 26599593 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2015.1113988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Norcantharidin (NCTD) is currently used in the treatment of several cancers such as leukemia, melanoma and hepatoma. The mechanism of action of NCTD is suggested to involve induction of apoptosis of cancer cells via production of reactive oxygen species. In this study, the genotoxic effect of different concentrations of NCTD (1, 10 and 20 μm) in human lymphocytes was investigated using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assays. The results revealed that NCTD significantly increased the rate of SCEs (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, NCTD significantly increased the number of high-frequency cells (SCEs ≥ 8, p < 0.05). However, NCTD did not have any significant effect on the rate of CAs (p > 0.05). In addition, no significant differences were detected in the mitotic index or proliferative index at examined doses (up to 20 μm). In conclusion, NCTD is genotoxic to human cultured lymphocytes as measured by SCE assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan .,b Biology Department , Faculty of Science, Taibah University , Almedina , Saudi Arabia , and
| | - Fatima M Enaya
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Karem Alzoubi
- c Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Sayer I Al-Azzam
- c Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
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Khabour OF, Alawneh K, Al-Kofahi E, Mesmar F. Assessment of genotoxicity associated with Behcet's disease using sister-chromatid exchange assay: vitamin E versus mitomycin C. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:1051-7. [PMID: 24852698 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic chronic inflammatory disorder that presents throughout the world with high frequency in Turkey and Middle East. BD has been shown to be associated with genotoxicity as patients with the disease have demonstrated high rates of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and oxidative DNA damage. In this study, we examined the effect of vitamin E, which is known for its strong antioxidant activity, on the rate of SCE in cultured lymphocytes obtained from BD patients. In addition, the susceptibility of patient lymphocytes to the mutagenic agent mitomycin C (MMC) was also investigated. The results showed significant elevation in the rate of SCE in lymphocytes obtained from patients compared to those from healthy subjects (P < 0.01). Treatment with vitamin E normalized the elevated rate of SCE to a comparable level observed in the control group (P < 0.01). Finally, treatment of cultures with MMC significantly increased the rate of SCE in the lymphocytes of both patients and controls (P < 0.001). The magnitude of change in the rate of SCE induced by MMC was equivalent in both groups. This result suggests similar sensitivity of BD lymphocytes and control ones to MMC. In conclusion, genotoxicity associated with BD can be overcome by treatment with vitamin E. Lymphocytes of BD have normal sensitivity to the mutagenic agent MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Khaldon Alawneh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Etizaz Al-Kofahi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Fahmee Mesmar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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Alzoubi K, Khabour O, Khader M, Mhaidat N, Al-Azzam S. Evaluation of vitamin B12 effects on DNA damage induced by paclitaxel. Drug Chem Toxicol 2013; 37:276-80. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.851686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Khabour OF, Saleh N, Alzoubi KH, Hisaindee S, Al-Fyad D, Al-Kaabi L, Dodeen A, Esmadi FT. Genotoxicity of structurally related copper and zinc containing Schiff base complexes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2013; 36:435-42. [PMID: 23528207 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.776577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of Schiff bases in the industrial and pharmaceutical fields has led to an increase in their syntheses and evaluation of their biological activities. In this study, we described the synthesis and genotoxicity of two Schiff bases that share common platform in their construction, namely, naphthalene, and are complexed to either Cu(II) or Zn(II). The genotoxicity of these complexes was evaluated in cultured lymphocytes using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and in rats using the urine 8-OH-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) assay. The results showed that the examined complexes are genotoxic, but with different degrees. The order of genotoxicity of the complexes at 10 µg/mL was: Cu(L3)(NCS)(H2O) > Zn(L3)(NCS)(H2O) > Cu(L2)(NCS) > Zn(L2)(NCS), where L2 and L3 are the conjugate bases of N-(8-quinolyl)napthaldimine and N-(anilinyl)napthaldimine, respectively. However, at the 1-µg/mL concentration, only the Cu(L3)(NCS)(H2O) complex induced significant CAs, whereas at the 0.1-µg/mL concentration, only Cu(L3)(NCS)(H2O) and Zn(L2)(NCS) complexes induced significant SCEs, compared to controls. In the urine 8-OH-dG assay, all complexes at 10 mg/100 g body weight (b.w.) were found to cause DNA damage with the following order: Cu(L3)(NCS)(H2O) > Zn(L2)(NCS) > Zn(L3)(NCS)(H2O) > Cu(L2)(NCS), whereas no significant DNA damage was observed in animals exposed to 1 and 0.1 mg/100 g b.w. (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the two examined Schiff base complexes are found to induce DNA damage, but with different degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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Assessment of DNA damage using chromosomal aberrations assay in lymphocytes of waterpipe smokers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2012. [PMID: 22729491 DOI: 10.2478/s13382–012-0027–5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in the lymphocytes of waterpipe smokers using chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy non-smokers volunteered to participate in the study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers were recruited for comparison. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay was used to evaluate DNA damage in the lymphocytes. RESULTS The results showed that similarly to cigarette smoking, waterpipe smoking significantly increased the frequencies of CAs (p < 0.01). In addition, the frequencies of CAs increased with more waterpipe use. CONCLUSIONS Waterpipe smoking causes DNA damage to lymphocytes and the damage increases with more waterpipe use.
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Alsatari ES, Azab M, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Sadiq MF. Assessment of DNA damage using chromosomal aberrations assay in lymphocytes of waterpipe smokers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2012; 25:218-24. [PMID: 22729491 PMCID: PMC3724222 DOI: 10.2478/s13382-012-0027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in the lymphocytes of waterpipe smokers using chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy non-smokers volunteered to participate in the study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers were recruited for comparison. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay was used to evaluate DNA damage in the lymphocytes. RESULTS The results showed that similarly to cigarette smoking, waterpipe smoking significantly increased the frequencies of CAs (p < 0.01). In addition, the frequencies of CAs increased with more waterpipe use. CONCLUSIONS Waterpipe smoking causes DNA damage to lymphocytes and the damage increases with more waterpipe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas S Alsatari
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Al-Sweedan SA, Khabour O, Isam R. Genotoxicity assessment in patients with thalassemia minor. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2012; 744:167-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Khabour OF, Alsatari ES, Azab M, Alzoubi KH, Sadiq MF. Assessment of genotoxicity of waterpipe and cigarette smoking in lymphocytes using the sister-chromatid exchange assay: a comparative study. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2011; 52:224-8. [PMID: 20740646 DOI: 10.1002/em.20601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a major world health problem. Recently, waterpipe smoking has become more popular in many countries. Although the genotoxicity associated with cigarette smoking has been extensively investigated, studies evaluating such toxicity in waterpipe users are still lacking. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in lymphocytes compared with the genotoxicity of cigarette smoking. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assay. Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy nonsmokers participated in this study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers (CS) were recruited for comparison. The results show that waterpipe smoking and cigarette smoking significantly increase the frequencies of SCEs (P < 0.01) compared with those of nonsmokers, indicating the genotoxic effect of tobacco smoking. In addition, frequencies of SCEs were significantly higher among waterpipe smokers compared with CS (P < 0.01), indicating that waterpipe smoking is more genotoxic than cigarette smoking. Moreover, the frequency of SCEs increased with the extent of waterpipe use. In conclusion, waterpipe smoking is genotoxic to lymphocytes and the magnitude of its genotoxicity is higher than that induced by regular cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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Genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of antipsychotics and antidepressants. Toxicology 2009; 261:77-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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