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Shen C, Xue X, Zhang X, Wu L, Duan X, Su C. Dexamethasone reduces autoantibody levels in MRL/lpr mice by inhibiting Tfh cell responses. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8329-8337. [PMID: 34318604 PMCID: PMC8419171 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that dexamethasone (Dex) reduces the levels of anti‐nuclear (ANA) and anti‐dsDNA antibodies in MRL/lpr mice (a mouse model of SLE). However, the effect of Dex on T follicular helper (Tfh) cells is less documented. Here, using the MRL/lpr mouse model, we investigated the influence of Dex on Tfh cells and potential underlying mechanisms. The data showed that the proportion of Tfh cells, identified as CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+, CD4+CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CD4+BCL‐6+ cells, markedly decreased after treatment with the Dex, in both Balb/c mice and MRL/lpr mice. Dex significantly inhibited IL‐21 expression at both the mRNA and the protein levels. Dex also significantly reduced the proportion of germinal centre B cells and decreased serum IgG, IgG2a/b and IgA levels. Moreover, a positive correlation between the proportion of Tfh cells (CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+, CD4+CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CD4+BCL‐6+) and autoantibodies was observed. Dex significantly increased the Prdm1 and Stat5b mRNA expression and decreased the Bcl‐6 and c‐Maf mRNA expression of CD4+T cells. In brief, Dex inhibited the Tfh development, which relies on many other transcription factors in addition to Bcl‐6. Our data indicate that Dex can be used as a Tfh cell inhibitor in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lihua Wu
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiangguo Duan
- Department of Laboratory Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Easley JT, Nelson JW, Mellas RE, Sommakia S, Wu C, Trump B, Baker OJ. Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 Versus Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome-Like NOD/ShiLtJ Mice - A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1. [PMID: 27110599 DOI: 10.23937/2469-5726/1510027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Resolvin D1 (RvD1) and its aspirin-triggered epimeric form (AT-RvD1) are endogenous lipid mediators (derived from docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) that control the duration and magnitude of inflammation in models of complex diseases. Our previous studies demonstrated that RvD1-mediated signaling pathways are expressed and active in salivary glands from rodents and humans. Furthermore, treatment of salivary cells with RvD1 blocked TNF-α-mediated inflammatory signals and improved epithelial integrity. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility of treatment with AT-RvD1 versus dexamethasone (DEX) on inflammation (i.e., lymphocytic infiltration, cytokine expression and apoptosis) observed in submandibular glands (SMG) from the NOD/ShiLtJ Sjögren's syndrome (SS) mouse model before experimenting with a larger population. NOD/ShiLtJ mice were treated intravenously with NaCl (0.9%, negative control), AT-RvD1 (0.01-0.1 mg/kg) or DEX (4.125-8.25 mg/kg) twice a week for 14 weeks beginning at 4 weeks of age. At 18 weeks of age, SMG were collected for pathological analysis and detection of SS-associated inflammatory genes. The AT-RvD1 treatment alone did not affect lymphocytic infiltration seen in NOD/ShiLtJ mice while DEX partially prevented lymphocytic infiltration. Interestingly, both AT-RvD1 and DEX caused downregulation of SS-associated inflammatory genes and reduction of apoptosis. Results from this pilot study suggest that a systemic treatment with AT-RvD1 and DEX alone attenuated inflammatory responses observed in the NOD/ShiLtJ mice; therefore, they may be considered as potential therapeutic tools in treating SS patients when used alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Easley
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Joel W Nelson
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Rachel E Mellas
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Salah Sommakia
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Chunhua Wu
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Bryan Trump
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
| | - Olga J Baker
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1201, USA
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Song LJ, Wang X, Wang XP, Li D, Ding F, Liu HX, Yu X, Li XF, Shu Q. Increased Tim-3 expression on peripheral T lymphocyte subsets and association with higher disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:71. [PMID: 26076826 PMCID: PMC4469310 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both the T cell immunoglobulin domain- and mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) and the death receptor Fas contribute to the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of the present study was to determine whether Tim-3 and Fas are co-expressed on certain peripheral T lymphocyte subsets, and whether this expression is associated with greater disease activity in SLE. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 46 patients newly diagnosed with SLE and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Expression of Tim-3 and Fas on T subsets was analyzed by flow cytometry, while mRNA levels of the Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 and Fas ligand FasL were assayed using real-time RT-PCR. Results The proportions of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD4- T cells expressing Tim-3+ and Tim+Fas+ were significantly higher in patients than in HCs (p < 0.05), while the proportions of these subtypes expressing Fas were similar for the two groups. Patients with active SLE, as defined by their score on the SLE Disease Activity Index, had lower proportions of CD3+CD4+ T cells and higher proportions of CD3+CD4+Tim-3+ and CD3+CD4+Tim-3+Fas+ T cells than did patients with stable SLE. Serum levels of complement C3 and C4 proteins, considered as a marker of SLE activity, correlated negatively with proportions of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD4- T cells expressing Tim-3. Conclusions Expression of Tim-3 and co-expression of Tim-3 and Fas on certain peripheral T subsets are associated with disease activity in SLE patients. Future research should examine whether the same is true of other T subsets implicated in SLE, and should explore the potential role(s) of Tim-3 in the disease pathway. Virtual slides http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1855527845145188
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-jun Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Xu-ping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Cryomedicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Hua-xiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Xing-fu Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, 250012, China.
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Rajagopalan S, Somers EC, Brook RD, Kehrer C, Pfenninger D, Lewis E, Chakrabarti A, Richardson BC, Shelden E, McCune WJ, Kaplan MJ. Endothelial cell apoptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a common pathway for abnormal vascular function and thrombosis propensity. Blood 2004; 103:3677-83. [PMID: 14726373 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-09-3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWomen with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk for premature atherothrombosis independent of Framingham risk factors. We investigated whether endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis predicts abnormal vasomotor tone and contributes to circulating tissue factor (TF) levels in this disease. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation were determined in women with SLE, healthy control subjects, and subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 43/group). Quantification of circulating apoptotic ECs was performed by flow cytometry (CD146+ cells that stained for Annexin V [CD146AnnV+]) and immunofluorescent microscopy. Plasma TF was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with healthy control and CAD subjects, patients with SLE had higher numbers of circulating CD146AnnV+ cells (10 ± 3, 18 ± 5, and 89 ± 32 cells/mL, respectively, mean ± SEM; P < .01). Increased CD146AnnV+ cells correlated strongly with abnormal vascular function (P = .037). After adjusting for known predictors of endothelial function, CD146AnnV+ was the only variable that predicted FMD (β = –4.5, P < .001). Increased CD146AnnV+ was strongly associated with elevated levels of circulating TF (r = .46, P = .002). Circulating apoptotic ECs are elevated in young women with SLE and strongly correlate with markedly abnormal vascular function and elevated TF levels. Heightened endothelial apoptosis may represent an important mechanism for development of atherothrombosis in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0680, USA
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Sato S, Fujimoto M, Hasegawa M, Takehara K. Altered blood B lymphocyte homeostasis in systemic sclerosis: Expanded naive B cells and diminished but activated memory B cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 50:1918-27. [PMID: 15188368 DOI: 10.1002/art.20274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine phenotypic and functional abnormalities of blood B cell subsets in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Cell surface marker expression was determined by flow cytometry. Spontaneous apoptosis was evaluated by annexin V expression with flow cytometric analysis. IgG production by isolated IgD- memory B cells was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The numbers of blood CD27- naive B cells from SSc patients were increased compared with normal control cells, while memory B cells expressing medium levels of CD27 and plasmablasts expressing high levels of CD27 were reduced. In contrast, plasmablasts were the predominant population in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Memory B cells in SSc showed increased expression of activation markers, including CD80, CD86, and CD95, relative to normal controls. Consistent with CD95 up-regulation, SSc memory B cells exhibited augmented spontaneous apoptosis after 24-hour incubation; augmented apoptosis may explain the reduced memory B cell number. Nonetheless, isolated IgD- SSc memory B cells treated with stimuli had an enhanced ability to produce IgG. Furthermore, expression of CD19, a critical signal transduction molecule of B cells that regulates autoantibody production, was significantly increased in memory B cells as well as in naive B cells in SSc. In contrast, CD19 expression was decreased in SLE B cells. CONCLUSION SSc patients have distinct abnormalities of blood homeostasis and B cell compartments, characterized by expanded naive B cells and activated but diminished memory B cells. Our results suggest that CD19 overexpression in SSc memory B cells is related to their hyperreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Ho CY, Wong CK, Ko FWS, Chan CHS, Ho ASS, Hui DSC, Lam CWK. Apoptosis and B-cell lymphoma-2 of peripheral blood T lymphocytes and soluble fas in patients with allergic asthma. Chest 2002; 122:1751-8. [PMID: 12426281 DOI: 10.1378/chest.122.5.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE s: The dysregulation of apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related molecules of allergen-reactive T lymphocytes have been suggested to play a key role in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory reactions in allergic asthma. Glucocorticoids are effective drugs for treating allergic inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on the apoptosis and B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 expression of peripheral blood T lymphocytes as well as the soluble form of Fas (sFas) in allergic asthmatic patients. METHODS Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 41 allergic asthmatic patients and 30 age-matched and sex-matched control subjects were treated with 0.1 and 1 micro M DEX. The percentages of apoptosis and expression of the Bcl-2 molecule in T lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. The plasma concentration of sFas was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS DEX (0.1 and 1 micro M) could induce the apoptosis of T lymphocytes from allergic asthmatic patients and control subjects in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The apoptotic susceptibility of T lymphocytes to DEX and the plasma sFas concentration were significantly higher in allergic asthmatics. The ex vivo expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower in the T lymphocytes of asthmatic patients than in those of the control subjects. However, DEX did not have any significant effect on the expression of Bcl-2 in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The T lymphocytes of asthmatic patients have higher apoptotic susceptibility to DEX treatment in vitro and a lower expression of the Bcl-2 molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheong-Yip Ho
- Departments of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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