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Chen H, Weng Z, Kalinowska M, Xiong L, Wang L, Song H, Xiao J, Wang F, Shen X. Anti-osteoporosis effect of bioactives in edible medicinal plants: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39093554 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2386449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Current treatments for osteoporosis include a calcium-rich diet, adequate exercise, and medication. Many synthetic drugs, although fast-acting, can cause a range of side effects for patients when taken over a long period, such as irritation of the digestive tract and a burden on the kidneys. As the world's population ages, the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing, and the development of safe and effective treatments is urgently needed. Active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants have been used for centuries to improve bone quality. It is possible to employ them as dietary supplements to prevent osteoporosis. In this review, we analyze the influencing factors of osteoporosis and systematically summarize the research progress on the anti-osteoporosis effects of active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants. The literature suggests that some naturally occurring active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants can inhibit bone loss, prevent the degeneration of bone cell microstructure, and reduce bone fragility through alleviating oxidative stress, regulating autophagy, anti-inflammation, improving gut flora, and regulating estrogen level with little side effects. Our review provides useful guidance for the use of edible and medicinal homologous plants and the development of safer novel anti-osteoporosis dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Zebin Weng
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA) - CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
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Kumari S, Singh M, Nupur, Jain S, Verma N, Malik S, Rustagi S, Priya K. A review on therapeutic mechanism of medicinal plants against osteoporosis: effects of phytoconstituents. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9453-9468. [PMID: 37676432 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that over time results in bone loss and raises the risk of fracture. The condition is frequently silent and only becomes apparent when fractures develop. Osteoporosis is treated with pharmacotherapy as well as non-pharmacological therapies such as mineral supplements, lifestyle changes, and exercise routines. Herbal medicine is frequently used in clinical procedures because of its low risk of adverse effects and cost-effective therapeutic results. In the current review, we have used a thorough strategy to identify some known medicinal plants with anti-osteoporosis capabilities, their origin, active ingredients, and pharmacological information. Furthermore, several signaling pathways, such as the apoptotic pathway, transcription factors, the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway, and others, are regulated by bioactive components and help to improve bone homeostasis. This review will provide a better understanding of the anti-osteoporotic effects of bioactive components and the concomitant modulations of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India
| | - Mohini Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India
| | - Nupur
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India
| | - Smita Jain
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India
| | - Neha Verma
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Ranchi, 834002, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kanu Priya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge parkIII, Greater Noida, 201310, U.P., India.
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A Review on the Pharmacological Activities of Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix Using International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision (ICD-10) Codes. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix (SMR) is a widely-used herbal medicine for the treatment of various blood stasis-related diseases (mainly circulatory system). It has been extensively studied in the field of pharmacology over the last few decades. In addition, several reviews concerning the effect of SMR are available. The purpose of this study was to review the pharmacological activities of SMC based on the 10th revision of the international disease classification (ICD-10). After an analysis of the literatures in the Medline database between January 1988 and August 2018, 691 eligible articles were chosen and 971 results were obtained (395 in vitro, 536 in vivo, and 40 human). The extracted data were categorized into the disease chapters of the ICD-10 and the major chapters were: IX Diseases of the circulatory system, II Neoplasms, XI Diseases of the digestive system, XIX Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes, IV Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases, VI Diseases of the nervous system, V Mental and behavioral disorders, etc. The major diseases and the pharmacological results of each chapter of the ICD-10 were described assiduously, along with the statistical details. The current study provided a comprehensive understanding and insight of SMR in terms of pharmacological activities.
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Li H, Wu R, Yu H, Zheng Q, Chen Y. Bioactive Herbal Extracts of Traditional Chinese Medicine Applied with the Biomaterials: For the Current Applications and Advances in the Musculoskeletal System. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:778041. [PMID: 34776987 PMCID: PMC8581265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated superior therapeutic effect for musculoskeletal diseases for thousands of years. Recently, the herbal extracts of TCM have received rapid advances in musculoskeletal tissue engineering (MTE). A literature review collecting both English and Chinese references on bioactive herbal extracts of TCM in biomaterial-based approaches was performed. This review provides an up-to-date overview of application of TCMs in the field of MTE, involving regulation of multiple signaling pathways in osteogenesis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and chondrogenesis. Meanwhile, we highlight the potential advantages of TCM, opening the possibility of its extensive application in MTE. Overall, the superiority of traditional Chinese medicine turns it into an attractive candidate for coupling with advanced additive manufacturing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rongjie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiujian Zheng, ; Yuanfeng Chen,
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Research Department of Medical Science, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiujian Zheng, ; Yuanfeng Chen,
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Wang N, Li Y, Li Z, Liu C, Xue P. Sal B targets TAZ to facilitate osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis through MEK-ERK pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3683-3695. [PMID: 30907511 PMCID: PMC6484321 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a major bioactive component of Chinese herb, was identified as a mediator for bone metabolism recently. The aim of this study is to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which Sal B regulates osteogenesis and adipogenesis. We used MC3T3-E1 and 3T3-L1 as the study model to explore the changes of cell differentiation induced by Sal B. The results indicated that Sal B at different concentrations had no obvious toxicity effects on cell proliferation during differentiation. Furthermore, Sal B facilitated osteogenesis but inhibited adipogenesis by increasing the expression of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Accordingly, TAZ knock-down offset the effects of Sal B on cell differentiation into osteoblasts or adipocytes. Notably, the Sal B induced up-expression of TAZ was blocked by U0126 (the MEK-ERK inhibitor), rather than LY294002 (the PI3K-Akt inhibitor). Moreover, Sal B increased the p-ERK/ERK ratio to regulate the TAZ expression as well as the cell differentiation. In summary, this study suggests for the first time that Sal B targets TAZ to facilitate osteogenesis and reduce adipogenesis by activating MEK-ERK signalling pathway, which provides evidence for Sal B to be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China.,Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China.,Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China.,Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China.,Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China.,Key Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, PR China
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Lin S, Cui L, Chen G, Huang J, Yang Y, Zou K, Lai Y, Wang X, Zou L, Wu T, Cheng JCY, Li G, Wei B, Lee WYW. PLGA/β-TCP composite scaffold incorporating salvianolic acid B promotes bone fusion by angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a rat spinal fusion model. Biomaterials 2019; 196:109-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lin J, Zhu J, Wang Y, Zhang N, Gober HJ, Qiu X, Li D, Wang L. Chinese single herbs and active ingredients for postmenopausal osteoporosis: From preclinical evidence to action mechanism. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:496-506. [PMID: 29151553 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease generally ascribable to a dearth of estrogen. Whether traditional Chinese medicine is effective in management of postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear. This article reviews the experimental evidence of both in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies with the theme of the application of Chinese single herbs and active ingredients in postmenopausal osteoporosis. It includes three single herbs (Herba Epimedium, Rhizoma Drynariae, and Salvia miltiorrhiza) and eight active ingredients (saikosaponins, linarin, echinacoside, sweroside, psoralen, poncirin, vanillic acid, and osthole). The experimental studies indicated their potential use as treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigated the underlying mechanisms including osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (OPG/RANKL), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/JNK/MAPK), estrogen receptor (ER), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways. This review contributes to a better understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and provides useful information for the development of more effective anti-osteoporosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenling People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | | | - Xuemin Qiu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Dajin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
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8
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Panwar P, Law S, Jamroz A, Azizi P, Zhang D, Ciufolini M, Brömme D. Tanshinones that selectively block the collagenase activity of cathepsin K provide a novel class of ectosteric antiresorptive agents for bone. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:902-923. [PMID: 29278432 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Attempts to generate active site-directed cathepsin K (CatK) inhibitors for the treatment of osteoporosis have failed because of side effects. We have previously shown that an ectosteric tanshinone CatK inhibitor isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza blocked, selectively, the collagenase activity of CatK, without affecting the active site and demonstrated its bone-preserving activity in vivo. Here, we have characterize the antiresorptive potential of other tanshinones, which may provide a scaffold for side effect-free CatK inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Thirty-one tanshinones were tested for their activity against CatK in enzymic and cell-based assays. The inhibitory potency against triple helical and fibrillar collagen degradation was determined in enzymic assays, by scanning electron microscopy and mechanical strength measurements. Human osteoclast assays were used to determine the effects of the inhibitors on bone resorption, its reversibility and osteoclastogenesis. Binding sites were characterized by molecular docking. KEY RESULTS Twelve compounds showed highly effective anti-collagenase activity and protected collagen against destruction and mechanical instability without inhibiting the hydrolysis of non-collagenous substrates. Six compounds were highly effective in osteoclast bone resorption assays with IC50 values of <500 nM. None of these tanshinones had effects on cell viability, reversibility of bone resorption inhibition and osteoclastogenesis. The core pharmacophore of the tanshinones appears to be the three-ring system with either a para- or ortho-quinone entity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study identified several potent ectosteric antiresorptive CatK inhibitors from the medicinal plant, S. miltiorrhiza, which may avoid side effects seen with active site-directed inhibitors in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preety Panwar
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Simon Law
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew Jamroz
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pouya Azizi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Diabetes Research Centre, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Marco Ciufolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Wang X, Yan K, Ma X, Li W, Chu Y, Guo J, Li S, Zhou S, Zhu Y, Liu C. Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Protocatechuic Aldehyde and Its Major Active Metabolite Protocatechuic Acid in Rat Plasma by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:697-705. [PMID: 26969682 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A very simple and selective high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic study of protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL) and its active metabolite protocatechuic acid (PCA). The method involves a simple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The separation was performed on a Hypersil GOLD C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 3.0 µm; particle, Thermo, USA) with isocratic elution using a mobile phase consisted of methanol and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The detection of target compounds was done by using low-energy collision dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MS-MS) using the selective reaction monitoring scan mode. The method was linear for all analytes over the investigated range for all correlation coefficients greater than 0.9950. The lower limits of quantification were 2.0 ng/mL for PAL and PCA. The intra- and interday precisions (relative standard deviation, RSD %) were <6.84 and 5.54%, and the accuracy (relative error, RE %) was between -2.85 and 0.74% (n = 6). The developed method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics of PAL and its major active metabolite PCA in rat plasma after oral and intravenous administration of PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Tasly Academy, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
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Tsai HT, Chang WL, Tu HP, Fu E, Hsieh YD, Chiang CY. Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza ethanolic extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced dental alveolar bone resorption in rats. J Dent Sci 2016; 11:35-40. [PMID: 30894943 PMCID: PMC6395181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) Bunge (Labiatae/Lamiaceae; common name danshen) is a Chinese medicine that improves blood circulation and inhibits inflammatory response. Thus, it is used for the treatment of cardiac diseases and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of an ethanolic extract of SM (SME) on the dental alveolar bone resorption induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. Materials and methods An ethanolic extract was prepared from roots of SM. The major constituents of this extract were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The activity of the extract was evaluated in a rat model in which the dental alveolar bone resorption was induced by injection of bacterial LPS into the palatal gingiva around the maxillary molar teeth. The effect of SME on the bone resorption was studied by histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Results The number of osteoclasts and the percentage of osteoclasts covering the alveolar bone surfaces were significantly increased in the LPS group compared with those in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group. The number and percentage of the osteoclasts on the bony surfaces were significantly reduced in the SME group in comparison with the LPS group, although it was still higher than the numbers observed in the PBS group. Conclusion Because SME reduced bone resorption caused by the injections of bacterial LPS in rats, we suggest that SME might have a protective effect on dental alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Tzu Tsai
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Liang Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Pei Tu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Earl Fu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yao-Dung Hsieh
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Yang Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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11
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Che CT, Wong MS, Lam CWK. Natural Products from Chinese Medicines with Potential Benefits to Bone Health. Molecules 2016; 21:239. [PMID: 26927052 PMCID: PMC6274145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive, systemic bone disorder characterized by loss of bone mass and microstructure, leading to reduced bone strength and increased risk of fracture. It is often associated with reduced quality of life and other medical complications. The disease is common in the aging population, particularly among postmenopausal women and patients who receive long-term steroidal therapy. Given the rapid growth of the aging population, increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of bone loss, and financial burden to the healthcare system and individuals, demand for new therapeutic agents and nutritional supplements for the management and promotion of bone health is pressing. With the advent of global interest in complementary and alternative medicine and natural products, Chinese medicine serves as a viable source to offer benefits for the improvement and maintenance of bone health. This review summarizes the scientific information obtained from recent literatures on the chemical ingredients of Chinese medicinal plants that have been reported to possess osteoprotective and related properties in cell-based and/or animal models. Some of these natural products (or their derivatives) may become promising leads for development into dietary supplements or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Man Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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12
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Rahman N, Jeon M, Song HY, Kim YS. Cryptotanshinone, a compound of Salvia miltiorrhiza inhibits pre-adipocytes differentiation by regulation of adipogenesis-related genes expression via STAT3 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:58-67. [PMID: 26902408 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptotanshinone (CT), a major tanshinone found in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae), has various pharmacological effects such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Despite its well-documented benefits in a wide range of diseases, the effect of CT on adipocyte differentiation has not been well characterized. PURPOSE The present study was designed to determine the in vitro anti-adipogenic effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of CT using 3T3-L1 murine pre-adipocytes. METHODS We measured the levels of intracellular triglyceride accumulation and mRNA and protein expression of key adipogenic transcription factors and their target genes. RESULTS Treatment with CT drastically reduced lipid accumulation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Molecular assays showed that CT effectively suppressed the expression of C/EBPβ, C/EBPα, and PPARγ and of their target adipocyte-specific genes aP2, adiponectin, and GLUT4 but activated the expression of anti-adipogenic genes such as GATA2, CHOP10, and TNF-α. CT treatment also inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 in the early phase of adipogenesis. A small-interfering-RNA-mediated knock-down of STAT3 potentiated the anti-adipogenic effect of CT. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results suggest that CT may be a good anti-adipogenic candidate because it regulates STAT3 during early adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Miso Jeon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea; Institute of Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
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Weng YS, Wang HF, Pai PY, Jong GP, Lai CH, Chung LC, Hsieh DJY, HsuanDay C, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Tanshinone IIA Prevents Leu27IGF-II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Mediated by Estrogen Receptor and Subsequent Akt Activation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 43:1567-91. [PMID: 26621443 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
IGF-IIR plays important roles as a key regulator in myocardial pathological hypertrophy and apoptosis, which subsequently lead to heart failure. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Tanshinone IIA is an active compound in Danshen and is structurally similar to 17[Formula: see text]-estradiol (E[Formula: see text]. However, whether tanshinone IIA improves cardiomyocyte survival in pathological hypertrophy through estrogen receptor (ER) regulation remains unclear. This study investigates the role of ER signaling in mediating the protective effects of tanshinone IIA on IGF-IIR-induced myocardial hypertrophy. Leu27IGF-II (IGF-II analog) was shown in this study to specifically activate IGF-IIR expression and ICI 182,780 (ICI), an ER antagonist used to investigate tanshinone IIA estrogenic activity. We demonstrated that tanshinone IIA significantly enhanced Akt phosphorylation through ER activation to inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced calcineurin expression and subsequent NFATc3 nuclear translocation to suppress myocardial hypertrophy. Tanshinone IIA reduced the cell size and suppressed ANP and BNP, inhibiting antihypertrophic effects induced by Leu27IGF-II. The cardioprotective properties of tanshinone IIA that inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced cell hypertrophy and promote cell survival were reversed by ICI. Furthermore, ICI significantly reduced phospho-Akt, Ly294002 (PI3K inhibitor), and PI3K siRNA significantly reduced the tanshinone IIA-induced protective effect. The above results suggest that tanshinone IIA inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which was mediated through ER, by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibiting Leu27IGF-II-induced calcineurin and NFATC3. Tanshinone IIA exerted strong estrogenic activity and therefore represented a novel selective ER modulator that inhibits IGF-IIR signaling to block cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Shan Weng
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Fang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Ping Jong
- Division of Cardiology, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Aging Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan County, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cecilia HsuanDay
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Song J, Zhang W, Sun J, Zhang X, Xu X, Zhang L, Feng Z, Du G. Determination of salvianolic acid C in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:376-83. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junke Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Jialin Sun
- Pharmacy Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Xiaona Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
| | - Zhangying Feng
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang 050011 China
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing 100050 China
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Chiang CY, Tsai HT, Chang WL, Chin YT, Chang WJ, Tu HP, Chiu HC, Fu E. A Salvia miltiorrhiza ethanol extract ameliorates tissue destruction caused by experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:133-9. [PMID: 26095050 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae), or Danshen, is a Chinese medicine used for treatment of cardiac diseases by improving blood circulation and inhibiting inflammatory responses. In this study, we aimed to determine whether an ethanol extract of S. miltiorrhiza can ameliorate tissue damage caused by periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS An ethanolic extract of S. miltiorrhiza roots was prepared, and its major constituents were determined by HPLC analysis, by comparison with known standards for the major bioactive components. The activity of the extract was evaluated in a rat model in which periodontitis was induced by ligation of a silk suture around the neck of molar teeth. The effects of the S. miltiorrhiza extract on periodontitis were assessed by dental radiography, micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS The cemento-enamel junction-bone distances among the four different groups of rats were significantly different: the distance was shorter in groups treated with ligation + S. miltiorrhiza extract than in the group treated with ligation only, but was longer than in the nonligated group, regardless of the radiographic methods used. Histology and histometry also indicated a similar trend of less gingival inflammation and alveolar bone destruction in the histological sections from the S. miltiorrhiza extract groups than in those from the ligation group. CONCLUSION Because the S. miltiorrhiza extract reduced tissue damage and bone loss caused by ligation-induced periodontitis in rats, we suggest that the S. miltiorrhiza extract might have an ameliorative effect on periodontal tissue destruction during the process of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-T Tsai
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-L Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-T Chin
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-J Chang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-P Tu
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H-C Chiu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - E Fu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li-lan L, Hou S, Zheng TT, Zhang XL, Wei JH. Simultaneous Determination of Five Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Components from roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza by HPLC. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(15)60023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Wu WJ, Lee HY, Lee GH, Chae HJ, Ahn BY. The antiosteoporotic effects of Cheonggukjang containing vitamin k2 (menaquinone-7) in ovariectomized rats. J Med Food 2014; 17:1298-305. [PMID: 25259841 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7, MK-7) and cheonggukjang (CGJ) on the prevention of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss was studied in rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups: sham-operated; OVX control; OVX treated with MK-7 at doses of 2, 4, and 8 μg/day; and OVX treated with CGJ at doses of 0.063, 0.125, and 0.250 g/day referenced to MK-7 levels at 2, 4, and 8 μg/day, respectively. After 8 weeks of treatment, the preventive effects of MK-7 and CGJ were evaluated by measuring body weights, serum levels of bone turnover markers, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular microarchitectural properties, and bone histological characteristics. Our results showed that rats treated with a high dose of MK-7 (8 μg/day) exhibited a minor inhibitory effect on OVX-induced bone loss, as indicated by a significant increase in trabecular number, as well as BMC and BMD (P<.01). Moreover, the preventive effects of MK-7 were augmented by administration of CGJ at the same MK-7 dose. In addition, the preventive effects of CGJ were shown to be dose dependent, with the highest dose (0.250 g/day) significantly (P<.01) increasing BMC and BMD by 31.8% and 47.6%, respectively. In summary, these results suggest that administration of CGJ containing abundant levels of MK-7 may be a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Wu
- 1 Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University , Iksan, Korea
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Guo Y, Li Y, Xue L, Severino RP, Gao S, Niu J, Qin LP, Zhang D, Brömme D. Salvia miltiorrhiza: an ancient Chinese herbal medicine as a source for anti-osteoporotic drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1401-16. [PMID: 25109459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Red sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), also known as Danshen in Chinese, has been used historically and is currently exploited in combination with other herbs to treat skeletal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). With the advance of modern analytical technology, a multitude of bone-targeting, pharmaceutically active, compounds has been isolated and characterized from various sources of TCM including those produced in Salvia miltiorrhiza root. The aim of the review is to provide a comprehensive overview about the historical TCM interpretation of the action of Salvia miltiorrhiza in osteoporosis, its use clinical trials, its main phytochemical constituents, and its action on bone-resorptive and bone formation-stimulating mechanisms in in vitro and in vivo studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature sources used were Pubmed, CNKI.net, Cqvip.com, PubChem, and the Web of Science. For the inquiry, keywords such as Salvia, danshen, osteoporosis, bone, osteoclast and osteoblast were used in various combinations. About 130 research papers and reviews were consulted. RESULTS In TCM, the anti-osteopororotic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza is ascribed to its action on liver and blood stasis as main therapeutic targets defining osteoporosis. 36 clinical trials were identified which used Salvia miltiorrhiza in combination with other herbs and components to treat post-menopausal, senile, and secondary osteoporosis. On average the trials were characterized by high efficacy (>80%) and low toxicity problems. However, various limitations such as small patient samples, short treatment duration, frequent lack of detailed numerical data, and no clear endpoints must be taken into consideration. To date, more than 100 individual compounds have been isolated from this plant and tested in various animal models and biochemical assays. Compounds display anti-resorptive and bone formation-stimulating features targeting different pathways in the bone remodeling cycle. Pathways affected include the activation of osteoblasts, the modulation of osteoclastogenesis, and the inhibition of collagen degradation by cathepsin K. CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of Salvia miltiorrhiza in more than 30% of all herbal clinical trials successfully targeting osteoporosis has stimulated significant interest in the identification and characterization of individual constituents of this herb. The review highlights the anti-osteoporotic potential of Salvia miltiorrhiza in clinical applications and the potential of the herb to provide potent compounds targeting specific pathways in bone resorption and bone formation.
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Key Words
- Anti-resorptive activity
- Danshen
- Osteoporosis
- Pro-anabolic activity
- Salvia miltiorrhiza
- Salvianolic acid A, CID 5281793
- caffeic acid, CID 689043
- cryptotanshinone, CID 160254
- oleanolic acid, CID 10494
- p-coumaric acid, CID 637542
- raloxifene, CID 5035
- salvianolic acid B (Synonym: Salvianic acid B), CID 11629084
- tanshinone I, CID 114917
- tanshinone IIA, CID 164676
- ursolic acid, CID 64945
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Guo
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liming Xue
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - Richele P Severino
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - Sihua Gao
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jianzhao Niu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3.
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3.
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Weng YS, Kuo WW, Lin YM, Kuo CH, Tzang BS, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Lin JA, Hsieh DJY, Huang CY. Danshen mediates through estrogen receptors to activate Akt and inhibit apoptosis effect of Leu27IGF-II-induced IGF-II receptor signaling activation in cardiomyoblasts. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 56:28-39. [PMID: 23419388 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Post-menopausal women show dramatically increased cardiovascular disease morbidity (CVD). Danshen is used widely in China for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, including coronary heart disease. Danshen possesses lipid-soluble biologically active components with a structure similar to 17β-estrodiol (E2). This study assesses whether the cardio-protection exerted by Danshen is mediated through the ERs within H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Cardiomyoblast cells pretreated with Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780), an estrogen receptor antagonist was applied to investigate the estrogenic activity of Danshen. The Danshen extract preventive effects on Leu27IGF-II-induced IGF-IIR signaling activator and H9c2 cell apoptosis were identified using TUNEL assay, JC-1 staining and Western blot assay. We found that Danshen extract treatments significantly enhanced phosphorylated Akt through estrogen receptor activation to inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced calcineurin activation and block H9c2 cell apoptosis. Danshen extracts suppressed the IGF-IIR signaling proteins, pro-apoptotic proteins and reversed the mitochondrial membrane instability induced by Leu27IGF-II. However, the cardioprotective properties of Danshen to inhibit Leu27IGF-II-induced cell apoptosis and promote cell survival were attenuated by applying ICI, which suggests that the Danshen cardioprotective effect is mediated through estrogen receptors. All our data indicated that Danshen exerts strong estrogenic activity which can be considered a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) against IGF2R signaling that blocks cardiac apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Shan Weng
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Potential antiosteoporotic agents from plants: a comprehensive review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:364604. [PMID: 23365596 PMCID: PMC3551255 DOI: 10.1155/2012/364604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health hazard and is a disease of old age; it is a silent epidemic affecting more than 200 million people worldwide in recent years. Based on a large number of chemical and pharmacological research many plants and their compounds have been shown to possess antiosteoporosis activity. This paper reviews the medicinal plants displaying antiosteoporosis properties including their origin, active constituents, and pharmacological data. The plants reported here are the ones which are commonly used in traditional medical systems and have demonstrated clinical effectiveness against osteoporosis. Although many plants have the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis, so far, only a fraction of these plants have been thoroughly investigated for their physiological and pharmacological properties including their mechanism of action. An attempt should be made to highlight plant species with possible antiosteoporosis properties and they should be investigated further to help with future drug development for treating this disease.
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Cui Y, Bhandary B, Marahatta A, Lee GH, Li B, Kim DS, Chae SW, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Characterization of Salvia miltiorrhiza ethanol extract as an anti-osteoporotic agent. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:120. [PMID: 22118263 PMCID: PMC3298536 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) has long been used as a traditional oriental medicine for cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence also indicates that SM has anti-osteoporotic effects. This study was conducted to examine the SM-induced anti-osteoporotic effect and its possible mechanisms with various doses of SM. METHODS We studied Sprague-Dawley female rats aged 12 weeks, divided into six groups: sham-operated control (SHAM), OVX rats supplemented with SM (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) orally for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and biochemistry analysis was performed. Specimens from both tibia and liver were processed for light microscopic examination. DEXA and μ-CT analyses of the tibia were also performed. RESULTS SM treatment significantly ameliorated the decrease in BMD and trabecular bone mass according to DEXA and trabecular bone architecture analysis of trabecular bone structural parameters by μ-CT scanning. In serum biochemical analysis, SM decreased the released TRAP-5b, an osteoclast activation marker and oxidative stress parameters including MDA and NO induced by OVX. CONCLUSIONS The preventive effect of SM was presumably due to its anti-oxidative stress partly via modulation of osteoclast maturation and number. In current study, SM appears to be a promising osteoporosis therapeutic natural product.
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Kassi E, Paliogianni A, Dontas I, Aligiannis N, Halabalaki M, Papoutsi Z, Skaltsounis AL, Moutsatsou P. Effects of Sideritis euboea (Lamiaceae) Aqueous Extract on IL-6, OPG and RANKL Secretion by Osteoblasts. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The water extract obtained from the aerial parts of Sideritis euboea (Lamiaceae), which is known in Greece as ‘mountain tea’, was investigated by determining the in vitro effect of this extract on the IL-6, OPG and RANKL secretion by osteoblasts, three important molecules in osteoblast-osteoclast interplay. The results showed that this extract reduced significantly the secretion of IL-6 by KS-483 osteoblasts, while it also suppressed RANKL secretion, with both effects being dose-dependent and more potent at the higher concentrations tested (50, 100 μg/mL). We further determined the chemical profile of the extract by applying an analytical U-HPLC-DAD-ESIMS/MS method using the high resolution hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap Discovery spectrometer. An ESI source in negative mode was employed. The analysis indicated that the water extract of S. euboea is rich in flavonoid glycosides, and phenylpropanoid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Paliogianni
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ismene Dontas
- Laboratory for the Research of the Musculoskeletal System, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nektarios Aligiannis
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Papoutsi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Xu JZ, Shen J, Cheng YY, Qu HB. Simultaneous detection of seven phenolic acids in Danshen injection using HPLC with ultraviolet detector. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2008; 9:728-33. [PMID: 18763306 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0820095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detector had been developed for simultaneous quantification of danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salvianolic acid D, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B and salvianolic acid A in Danshen injection. According to the UV spectra of these components, three detection wavelengths have been selected as follows: 280 nm for danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde, 326 nm for caffeic acid, salvianolic acid D and rosmarinic acid, 286 nm for salvianolic acid B and salvianolic acid A. The limit of detection (LOD) was improved to be in the range of 0.008-0.160 microg/ml. Moreover, excellent linear behavior over the investigated concentration range was observed, with R>0.999 for all the analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-zhong Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Science and Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Kim HK, Woo ER, Lee HW, Park HR, Kim HN, Jung YK, Choi JY, Chae SW, Kim HR, Chae HJ. The Correlation ofSalvia miltiorrhizaExtract–Induced Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis with the Amount of Components Tanshinone I, Tanshinone IIA, Cryptotanshinone, and Dihydrotanshinone. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2008; 30:347-64. [DOI: 10.1080/08923970801949133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ganesan K, Balachandran C, Manohar BM, Puvanakrishnan R. Comparative studies on the interplay of testosterone, estrogen and progesterone in collagen induced arthritis in rats. Bone 2008; 43:758-65. [PMID: 18599392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2008] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a sexually dimorphic autoimmune disorder exhibiting a higher disease prevalence and severity among females. This study was carried out to understand the role of the major sex hormones viz., testosterone, estrogen and progesterone on the severity in arthritis. The interplay of the sex hormones was studied in a rat model of collagen induced arthritis (CIA). The parameters used for analyzing the disease severity included paw volume, radiology, histopathology of joint, markers for bone turnover, cytokine profile, levels of pain mediator (prostaglandin E(2)) and immune response to type II collagen. Arthritis induction to castrated and ovariectomised rats resulted in enhanced inflammation thereby indicating the importance of sex hormones. Treatment with physiological doses of dihydrotestosterone and estrogen attenuated the inflammation, with estrogen exhibiting higher potency. Progesterone was not shown to have any significance in disease modification; however, when progesterone was administered in combination with estrogen, the protective effects of estrogen were noticed to decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaivani Ganesan
- Department of Biotechnology, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, India
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Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is a Chinese medicine used for treatment of cardiac diseases through improving blood circulation. Our laboratory compared the amount of new bone formed in collagen matrix with SM extract to that formed in the collagen matrix alone. Eighteen bone defects, 5 mm x 10 mm were created in the parietal bone of nine New Zealand White rabbits. In the experimental group, six defects were grafted with collagen matrix with SM extract. In the control groups, six defects were grafted with collagen matrix alone (positive control) and six were left empty (negative control). Animals were killed on day 14 and the defects were dissected and prepared for histological assessment. Serial sections were cut across each defect. Quantitative analysis of new bone formation was made on 100 sections (50 sections for each group of SM and positive control) using image analysis. A total of 478% more new bone was present in defects grafted with SM extract in collagen matrix than those grafted with the collagen matrix alone. Very little new bone was formed in the passive control group. In conclusion, SM extract in collagen matrix has the effect of increasing new bone formation locally and can be used for bone grafting especially in cases with compromised vascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W K Wong
- Orthodontics, University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong.
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Qiao C, Zhao L, Jiang S, Song P. Separation and Determination of Water Soluble Active Components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Its Pharmaceutical Preparations by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Diode Array Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701588513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Qiao
- a Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, P. R. China
- b The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- a Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, P. R. China
- b The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shengxiang Jiang
- a Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, P. R. China
- b The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pingshun Song
- c Gansu Provience Institute for Drug Control , Lanzhou, P. R. China
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Yang DF, Liang ZS, Duan QM, Zhang YJ. Quality Assessment of Cardiotonic Pills by HPLC Fingerprinting. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Liu YR, Qu SX, Maitz MF, Tan R, Weng J. The effect of the major components of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge on bone marrow cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 111:573-83. [PMID: 17303357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 10/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been alleged to support bone healing. However, the effects of the isolated major components of SMB on osseous cells and their corresponding effective doses are still unclear. In the present study, the effects of three components of SMB, including tanshinone IIA (Ts), salvianolic acid B (salB) and protocatechuic aldehyde (Pca), on mesenchymal bone marrow cells with the potential for osteoblastic differentiation were investigated. Various concentrations of Ts, salB and Pca were added to a rat bone marrow cell culture. The total metabolic activity and differentiation of bone marrow cells were evaluated by a metabolic assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. The morphology and number of cells was observed by phase contrast microscopy and fluorescent microscopy after propidium iodide staining, respectively. Ts suppressed the growth and differentiation of bone precursor cells. SalB exhibited a biphasic effect: the high concentration of 160 microg/mL significantly depressed the population of bone marrow cells, however, lower concentrations (3-80 microg/mL) enhanced the total metabolic activity and their ALP expression. Pca suppressed the bone marrow cell population in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, SalB has the potential to ameliorate bone healing by stimulating both the total metabolic activity and ALP activity of osteoblastic cells. Aqueous extracts, which preferably contain salB over Pca and are free of Ts therefore are recommended for bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Liu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Liu AH, Lin YH, Yang M, Guo H, Guan SH, Sun JH, Guo DA. Development of the fingerprints for the quality of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its related preparations by HPLC-DAD and LC–MSn. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 846:32-41. [PMID: 16962399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints were developed for identification of both lipophilic and hydrophilic components of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and four related preparations. These samples were separated with an Agilent Zorbax Extend C(18) reserved-phase column (5 microm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm) by linear gradient elution using water-phosphoric acid (100:0.026, v/v) and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min and the detector wavelength was set at 280 nm. Mean chromatograms and correlation coefficients of samples were calculated by the software "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM". The correlation coefficients of Danshen and Fufang Danshen tablets (FDT) samples were in the range of 0.352-0.993 and 0.768-0.987, respectively. The correlation coefficients of Compound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP), Danshen injection (DSI) and Xiangdan injection (XDI) samples were higher than 0.928, 0.850 and 0.960, respectively. It was the first time to identify 34 peaks by comparing with standard compounds and using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS(n)) technique. All results indicated that the developed fingerprint assay could be readily utilized as a quality control method for S. miltiorrhiza and its related preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for TCM Modernization, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Ma HL, Qin MJ, Qi LW, Wu G, Shu P. Improved quality evaluation ofRadix Salvia miltiorrhiza through simultaneous quantification of seven major active components by high-performance liquid chromatography and principal component analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:931-9. [PMID: 17474138 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel method, using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with principal component analysis, was developed for the quality evaluation of danshen through simultaneous determination of seven components, namely danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA. These seven components were simultaneously separated on a Zorbax SB-C(18) column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.05% phosphoric acid water and methanol:acetonitrile (1:1) with a gradient elution, and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. Thirty samples of danshen and its substitutes from different sources were investigated by the established method. The results showed that the content of each analyte varied considerably in different danshen samples. Among the seven components tested, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde were proved suitable and representative as chemical markers for the quality control of danshen except for protocatechuic acid. Moreover, principal component analysis was used for the similarity evaluation of different samples, and it could be straightforward and reliable to differentiate danshen samples of different origins. In conclusion, simultaneous quantification of multiple components by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with principal component analysis would be a better strategy for the quality evaluation of danshen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Liang Ma
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, People's Republic of China
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32
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Liu AH, Li L, Xu M, Lin YH, Guo HZ, Guo DA. Simultaneous quantification of six major phenolic acids in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and four related traditional Chinese medicinal preparations by HPLC–DAD method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:48-56. [PMID: 16332423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Revised: 10/16/2005] [Accepted: 10/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B and salvianolic acid A in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and four related traditional Chinese medicinal preparations. The six phenolic acids were simultaneously analyzed with a Zorbax Extend C18 column by gradient elution using 0.026% (v/v) phosphoric acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1 ml min(-1), and detection wavelength was set at 288 nm. The recovery of the method was in the range of 95.1-104.8%, and all the compounds showed good linearity (r > 0.9997) in a relatively wide concentration range. This assay was successfully applied to the determination of six major phenolic acids in 32 samples. The results indicated that the developed HPLC assay could be readily utilized as a quality control method for S. miltiorrhiza and its related traditional Chinese medicinal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
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