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Takano K, Kaneda M, Aoki Y, Fujita N, Chiba S, Michihara S, Han LK, Takahashi R. The protective effects of Ninjin'yoeito against liver steatosis/fibrosis in a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis model mouse. J Nat Med 2024; 78:514-524. [PMID: 38498120 PMCID: PMC11101552 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive fibrotic form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver fibrosis leads to liver cancer and cirrhosis, and drug therapy for NASH remains lacking. Ninjin'yoeito (NYT) has shown antifibrotic effects in a model of liver fibrosis without steatosis but has not been studied for NASH. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of NYT in mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) as a NASH model. Compared with the normal diet group, mice fed CDAHFD showed decreased body weight and increased white adipose tissue, liver weight, and triglyceride content in the liver. Furthermore, a substantial increase in the hepatic concentration of hydroxyproline, expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transforming growth factor-β was observed in CDAHFD-fed mice. Masson's trichrome and Picro-Sirius red staining revealed a remarkable increase in collagen fiber compared with the normal diet group. Compared with mice that received CDAHFD alone, those supplemented with NYT exhibited reduced hepatic triglyceride and hydroxyproline levels and α-SMA expression. Additionally, compared with the group fed CDAHFD alone, the stained liver tissues of NYT-treated mice exhibited a reduction in Masson's trichrome- and Picro-Sirius red-positive areas. Locomotor activity was significantly reduced in the CDAHFD-fed group compared with the normal diet group. In the NYT-treated group, the CDAHFD-induced decrease in locomotor activity was significantly suppressed. The findings indicate that NYT inhibited fatty and fibrotic changes in the livers of NASH mice and alleviated the decrease in locomotor activity. Therefore, NYT may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Takano
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Marisa Kaneda
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yayoi Aoki
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nina Fujita
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shigeki Chiba
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Seiwa Michihara
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Li-Kun Han
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryuji Takahashi
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
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Kushima H, Kinoshita Y, Fujita M, Ishii H. A retrospective study on the efficacy of Ninjin'yoeito on fatigue in patients with interstitial pneumonia. Neuropeptides 2021; 89:102178. [PMID: 34298370 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fatigue, caused by dyspnea associated with progression of interstitial pneumonia (IP), can negatively affect patients' quality of life (QOL). Ninjin'yoeito (NYT), a Chinese herbal medicine, is prescribed for general symptoms of fatigue and for fatigue associated with various respiratory diseases. However, there is a lack of integrated research on the effects of NYT in patients with IP. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated the efficacy of NYT in patients with IP and fatigue. MATERIALS AND METHODS From the IP patients who had taken NYT, 19 who met the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) age of ≥20 years, (2) fatigue, and (3) history of NYT administration. The primary endpoint was fatigue, which was assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS). The secondary endpoints were loss of appetite and dyspnea, which were evaluated using the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scores, respectively. All items were measured before and after 12 weeks of NYT administration. RESULTS In the enrolled 19 patients (male, 12; female, 7; mean age, 65.8 ± 12.7 years), the underlying diseases were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n = 8), idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (n = 5), connective tissue disease-related interstitial pneumonia (n = 2), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n = 3), and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (n = 1). The CFS score decreased from 17.1 ± 6.8 before administration to 13.4 ± 5.7 after administration of NYT (p = 0.0389). The SNAQ score did not change markedly. The median mMRC score decreased from 3 to 2, however, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION Many subtypes of IP are progressive, and a cure cannot be expected in cases of irreversible lung fibrosis. Therefore, a multifaceted approach to improve and maintain the QOL is needed in addition to the standard of care. This study showed that NYT can improve fatigue and help maintain the QOL in IP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan..
| | - Yoshiaki Kinoshita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kushima H, Ishii H, Fujita M. Case Report: Efficacy of Ninjin'yoeito Treatment for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Nutr 2021; 8:548076. [PMID: 33996870 PMCID: PMC8116530 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.548076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ninjin'yoeito, a Kampo prescription, was administered to two patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) over a period of 12 weeks to improve loss of appetite and lassitude. In Case 1, improvements were observed in appetite, lassitude, and breathlessness, as well as increases or increasing tendencies in body weight, blood albumin level, and hemoglobin (Hb) level. Case 2 showed no changes in appetite but improvements in lassitude and no deterioration of breathlessness. His body weight and his blood albumin and Hb levels increased or showed increasing trends. In both cases, a trend for improvement of respiratory function was observed. In summary, ninjin'yoeito trended to improve the subjective symptoms and nutritional status of a patient with pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Kushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, Japan
| | - Masaki Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Takayama S, Kikuchi A, Makino T, Kainuma M, Namiki T, Ito T. Basic pharmacological mechanisms and clinical evidence of the efficacy of hochuekkito against infectious diseases and its potential for use against COVID‐19. TRADITIONAL & KAMPO MEDICINE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7753421 DOI: 10.1002/tkm2.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Hochuekkito extract (HET) has multiple effects through the digestive and immune systems, including for acute viral infection and chronic inflammation. We review basic pharmacological and clinical researches of HET and discuss the effects of HET against the pandemic COVID‐19. Methods We reviewed pharmacological studies from 1996 to 30 April 2020 that used experimental animals orally treated with HET and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2000 to 30 April 2020. Results Altogether, 64 pharmacological studies reported immuno‐stimulatory effects against infection and cancer, immuno‐modulative effects against allergy and some inflammatory diseases, and ameliorating effects against exhaustion and frailty. Nine RCTs showed improvement of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease on chest X‐ray; improved systemic inflammation, nutrition, and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a decrease in the number getting common cold and exacerbations; reduction of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor and the serum cortisol concentration of postoperative patients; a reduction of the incidence of inflammatory complications and C‐reactive protein elevation after cerebrovascular disease; a reduction of the volume of steroid and tacrolimus during the treatment of atopic dermatitis; a healing effect for intractable chronic wounds; improvement of the physical status of elderly weak patients; and improvement of the fatigue level of cancer patients. Conclusion CODIV‐19 is characterized by high risk for the aged and people with other disease complications, cytokine hyperactivity in the severe stage, and sequelae in the recovery stage. Considering the immune‐stimulative/modulative effects of HET on inflammatory conditions and against exhaustion and frailty, it may be useful for prevention, treatment, and recovery from COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takayama
- Department of Kampo Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Akiko Kikuchi
- Department of Kampo Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan
| | - Mosaburo Kainuma
- Community Medicine Education Unit Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takao Namiki
- Department of Japanese‐Oriental (Kampo) Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University Chiba Japan
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Ogawa-Ochiai K, Osuga K, Hidaka K, Nakahata K, Tazuke Y, Yamamoto Y, Uehara S, Okuyama H. A case of extensive pharyngeal vascular malformation successfully treated with Kampo medicine. Auris Nasus Larynx 2017; 45:190-193. [PMID: 28389161 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present the efficacy of Japanese-traditional medicine (Kampo) for a case with vascular malformation. METHODS A case study and literature review. PATIENT A 62-year-old female presented with dysphagia and spitting blood. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a longitudinal lobulated and septated mass in the posterior pharynx. On MR imaging, the mass showed hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and heterogeneous enhancement on Gadlinium-enhanced T1-weighted images, suggestive of a low-flow vascular malformation. INTERVENTION According to the Kampo diagnosis, kamisyouyousan and ninjinyoueito were prescribed to this patient. The effect of Kampo medicine was evaluated with improvement of her symptoms and volumetry of MRI findings. RESULT The longitudinal pharyngeal mass was markedly decreased and her symptoms disappeared after 2 years of Kampo administration. CONCLUSIONS Kampo medicine can be a novel alternative therapy for VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ogawa-Ochiai
- Department of Japanese-Traditional (Kampo) Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Keigo Osuga
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Hidaka
- Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kengo Nakahata
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuko Tazuke
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Yamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Uehara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Okuyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Cheng YC, Tsai MY, Chen CJ, Hung YC. Combination therapy of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine to treat refractory polymyositis: a case report. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 21:304-6. [PMID: 25955239 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illustrate the potential for clinical improvement and regimen decrement in treating a patient with a refractory case of polymyositis (PM) with a combination of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOME MEASURES A 40-year-old man diagnosed with steroid-resistant PM in January 2011 demonstrated a poor response to immunosuppressants. Complementary TCM treatments were applied to treat his weakness at a clinic integrating TCM and rheumatology in February 2012. He was treated with herbal formula powders named "Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang" and "Si-Jun-Zi-Tan." Within 1 month of treatment, the patient seemed to show significant improvement in the grade of disability. Daily doses of methotrexate and methylprednisolone were tapered to 25% and 95.8% after TCM treatments, respectively. Creatine phosphokinase also decreased from 6655 to 718 U/L until December 2013. CONCLUSIONS In our experience, weakness related to PM can be improved by invigorating the spleen-Qi with TCM treatments. This might indicate that TCM treatments can not only play a role in symptom control but also accelerate steroid tapping for refractory cases. Long-term follow-up and future experimental studies are warranted to examine the efficacy and explore the mechanism of TCM treatments for PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Cheng
- 1 Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Jiang P, Wang Q, Jia YQ, Shi R, Ma YM, Liu P, Liu CH, Ye FY, Cheng NN. Identification and pharmacokinetics of the major constituents of Fugan Fang in rat plasma. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14148b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The major constituents and their pharmacokinetics of FGF, an TCM prescribed for the treatment of hepatic diseases in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Department of Pharmacology
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yi-Qun Jia
- Instrumental Analysis Center
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yue-Ming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Liver Diseases
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Cheng-Hai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Liver Diseases
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Fu-Yuan Ye
- Instrumental Analysis Center
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Neng-Neng Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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LI XIA, HE CAN, WU WANGYANG, HUANG HUAN, LI WEIZU, YIN YANYAN. Anti-fibrotic effects of Acremoniumterricola milleretal mycelium on immunological hepatic fibrosis in rats. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:3327-33. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Park HJ, Kim DH, Park SJ, Kim JM, Ryu JH. Ginseng in traditional herbal prescriptions. J Ginseng Res 2013; 36:225-41. [PMID: 23717123 PMCID: PMC3659587 DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2012.36.3.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng Meyer has been widely used as a tonic in traditional Korean, Chinese, and Japanese herbal medicines and in Western herbal preparations for thousands of years. In the past, ginseng was very rare and was considered to have mysterious powers. Today, the efficacy of drugs must be tested through well-designed clinical trials or meta-analyses, and ginseng is no exception. In the present review, we discuss the functions of ginseng described in historical documents and describe how these functions are taken into account in herbal prescriptions. We also discuss the findings of experimental pharmacological research on the functions of ginseng in ginseng-containing prescriptions and how these prescriptions have been applied in modern therapeutic interventions. The present review on the functions of ginseng in traditional prescriptions helps to demystify ginseng and, as a result, may contribute to expanding the use of ginseng or ginseng-containing prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jae Park
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Jiang P, Shi R, Wang Q, Ma YM, Cui HY, Liu P, Liu CH. Simultaneous determination of eleven major components in Fugan Fang using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 27:874-81. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yue-Ming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Hong-Yan Cui
- Department of Pharmacology; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Cheng-Hai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
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Feng Y, Cheung KF, Wang N, Liu P, Nagamatsu T, Tong Y. Chinese medicines as a resource for liver fibrosis treatment. Chin Med 2009; 4:16. [PMID: 19695098 PMCID: PMC3224967 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-4-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a condition of abnormal proliferation of connective tissue due to various types of chronic liver injury often caused by viral infection and chemicals. Effective therapies against liver fibrosis are still limited. In this review, we focus on research on Chinese medicines against liver fibrosis in three categories, namely pure compounds, composite formulae and combination treatment using single compounds with composite formulae or conventional medicines. Action mechanisms of the anti-fibrosis Chinese medicines, clinical application, herbal adverse events and quality control are also reviewed. Evidence indicates that some Chinese medicines are clinically effective on liver fibrosis. Strict quality control such as research to identify and monitor the manufacturing of Chinese medicines enables reliable pharmacological, clinical and in-depth mechanism studies. Further experiments and clinical trials should be carried out on the platforms that conform to international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Toda K, Kumagai N, Kaneko F, Tsunematsu S, Tsuchimoto K, Saito H, Hibi T. Pentoxifylline prevents pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis by inhibiting interleukin-6 production. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 24:860-5. [PMID: 19220679 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis is a model of liver fibrosis in the absence of obvious hepatocyte injury. Penoxifylline (PTX), a xanthine derivative, which is a well-known suppressor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production from inflammatory cells, has also been shown to inhibit the growth of hepatic stellate cells and to inhibit collagen synthesis in these cells in vitro. We investigated the effect of PTX on pig serum-induced liver fibrosis in vivo, and assessed the mechanisms of prevention of fibrogenesis by this drug. METHODS Male Wistar rats were given intraperitoneal injections of 0.5 ml normal pig serum twice a week for 10 weeks with or without concomitant oral administration of PTX (20 mg/kg). RESULTS Rats that received pig serum showed significant liver fibrosis, and their serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hyaluronic acid levels were significantly increased. The serum levels of IL-6 were well correlated with the serum levels of hyaluronic acid, and increased as the liver fibrosis progressed. Penoxifylline prevented the development of fibrosis in this animal model and reduced the serum levels of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro, by the addition of PTX to the culture medium of the rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the proliferation of the HSCs was significantly inhibited and IL-6 in the culture supernatant was also reduced significantly. Exogenous addition of IL-6 partially restored the proliferation. CONCLUSION Penoxifylline prevents pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of HSCs and by inhibiting the production of IL-6 from HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Toda
- Division of Basic Research, Bio Medical Laboratory, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawakita T. [Immunopharmacological effects of Kampo medicines--the main mechanisms of their improvement effects on various chronic diseases]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2008; 132:276-279. [PMID: 19008636 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.132.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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TAJIMA S, BANDO M, YAMASAWA H, OHNO S, MORIYAMA H, TERADA M, TAKADA T, SUZUKI E, GEJYO F, SUGIYAMA Y. Preventive effect of hochu-ekki-to, a Japanese herbal medicine, on bleomycin-induced lung injury in mice. Respirology 2007; 12:814-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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