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Zhang YF, Wang H, Cheng Q, Qin L, Tang NL, Leung PC, Kwok TC. The relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I) / deletion (D) polymorphism, serum ACE activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in older Chinese. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2017; 18:1470320316688345. [PMID: 28097915 PMCID: PMC5843856 DOI: 10.1177/1470320316688345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we set out to investigate the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism, serum ACE activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in older Chinese. Methods: A standardized, structured, face-to-face interview was performed to collect demographic information. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). I/D genotypes of ACE were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Serum ACE activity was determined photometrically by a commercially available kinetic kit. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism, serum ACE activity and BMD. Results: A total of 1567 males and 1760 females were selected for analyzing the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and BMD. There was no significant difference in spine BMD, total hip BMD and femur neck BMD among different ACE I/D genotypes both in males and females. A total of 1699 males and 1739 females were selected for analyzing the relationship between serum ACE activity and BMD. There was also no significant difference in spine BMD, total hip BMD and femur neck BMD among different serum ACE activity groups both in males and females. Conclusion: There was no relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism, serum ACE activity and BMD in older Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Zhang
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital to Nantong University, PR China.,2 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital to Nantong University, PR China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- 3 Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration, Nantong University, PR China
| | - Ling Qin
- 4 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Nelson Ls Tang
- 5 Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ping-Chong Leung
- 6 Jockey Club Center for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Timothy Cy Kwok
- 2 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Kuipers AL, Kammerer CM, Pratt JH, Bunker CH, Wheeler VW, Patrick AL, Zmuda JM. Association of Circulating Renin and Aldosterone With Osteocalcin and Bone Mineral Density in African Ancestry Families. Hypertension 2016; 67:977-82. [PMID: 26975710 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with accelerated bone loss, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a key regulator of blood pressure. Although components of this system are expressed in human bone cells, studies in humans are sparse. Thus, we studied the association of circulating renin and aldosterone with osteocalcin and bone mineral density. We recruited 373 African ancestry family members without regard to health status from 6 probands (mean family size: 62 and relative pairs: 1687). Participants underwent a clinical examination, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and quantitative computed tomographic scans. Renin activity, aldosterone concentration, and osteocalcin were measured in fasting blood samples. Aldosterone/renin ratio was calculated as aldosterone concentration/renin activity. All models were analyzed using pedigree-based variance components methods. Full models included adjustment for age, sex, body composition, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, blood pressure, and antihypertensive medication. Higher renin activity was significantly associated with lower total osteocalcin and with higher trabecular bone mineral density (both P<0.01). There were also significant genetic correlations between renin activity and whole-body bone mineral density. There were no associations with aldosterone concentration in any model and results for aldosterone/renin ratio were similar to those for renin activity. This is the first study to report a significant association between renin activity and a marker of bone turnover and bone mineral density in generally healthy individuals. Also, there is evidence for significant genetic pleiotropy and, thus, there may be a shared biological mechanism underlying both the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and bone metabolism that is independent of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Kuipers
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.).
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
| | - J Howard Pratt
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
| | - Clareann H Bunker
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
| | - Victor W Wheeler
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
| | - Alan L Patrick
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
| | - Joseph M Zmuda
- From the Departments of Epidemiology (A.L.K., C.H.B., J.M.Z.) and Human Genetics (C.M.K., J.M.Z.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.H.P.); and Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago (V.W.W., A.L.P.)
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Cakmak B, Inanir A, Karakus N, Ates O, Yigit S. Association between the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and osteoporosis in a Turkish population. Z Rheumatol 2016; 74:346-50. [PMID: 25876051 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-015-1582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between osteoporosis and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in a Turkish population. METHODS The study group consisted of 238 unrelated women with osteoporosis and 124 unrelated healthy female controls. All participants, patients and healthy controls, were of Turkish origin from the central region of Turkey. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole venous blood samples using a commercial DNA isolation kit. The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was analysed by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Frequencies of the DD, ID and II genotypes in the patients were 44.5, 41.2 and 14.3 %, and in the controls they were 25.0, 51.6 and 23.4 %, respectively. A significant difference was observed between patients and controls according to genotype frequency (p=0.001). D and I allele frequencies of the I/D polymorphism were 65.1 and 34.9 % in the patient group and 50.8 and 49.2 % in the control group, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The ACE gene I/D polymorphism could be a genetic factor associated with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cakmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine, Sevki Erek Yerleskesi, 60100, Tokat, Turkey,
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Tazaki M, Endoh T, Kobayashi H, Ohkubo M, Sueishi K. Angiotensin II induces modulation of calcium channel currents in osteoblasts. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2015; 54:275-8. [PMID: 24521554 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.54.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a major role in the maintenance of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure. In addition to its well-established role in circulatory homeostasis, it has been implicated in the process of bone formation. Osteoblasts play a major role in bone formation, employing intracellular Ca(2+) as a second messenger to modulate hormonal responses and as a cofactor for mineralization. Voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCCs) mediate the influx of Ca(2+) in response to membrane depolarization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Ang II on VDCC currents in osteoblasts using a patch-clamp recording method. To our knowledge, the data presented here demonstrate for the first time that Ang II facilitates VDCCs in osteoblasts.
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Guo L, Wang M, Zhang ZY, Hao L, Lou BY, Li XY, Loo WT, Jin L, Cheung MN. Angiotensin II induces interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts through ERK1/2 pathway via AT1 receptor. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:205-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition to confounding environmental factors, genetic susceptibility factors may also influence the occurrence and severity of these abnormalities and account for interindividual variability among patients. Indeed, polymorphisms involving genes of the calcium/parathyroid hormone/calcitriol axis have been associated with bone and mineral metabolism abnormalities. This review summarizes studies involving polymorphisms of candidate genes and their effects on the development of complications related to bone and mineral metabolism abnormalities among patients with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehsuvar Erturk
- Department of Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Kulah E, Sezer S, Uyar M, Arat Z, Ozdemir FN. Effects of ACE gene polymorphism on vitamin D therapy according to parathyroid hormone level in patients on hemodialysis. Adv Ther 2006; 23:778-86. [PMID: 17142213 DOI: 10.1007/bf02850318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Medical management is still far from optimal in secondary hyperparathyroidism. This may be explained, at least in part, by genetic differences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of genetic influences of angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms with response to vitamin D therapy among patients on hemodialysis (HD). Eighty-two patients (female/male, 34/48; mean age, 47.5+/-15.3 y; HD duration time, 76.6+/-33.2 mo) with endstage renal disease who were on maintenance HD were included in the study. Five-year retrospective demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data (5-y cumulative doses of phosphate-binding drugs and oral and intravenous cumulative doses of active vitamin D) were retrieved from patients' hospital records. ACE gene polymorphisms of patients were documented and were used to group patients as follows: The insertion/deletion polymorphism group (I/D) consisted of (1) group non-DD (n=43), who had the DI or II allele, and (2) group DD (n=39), who had the DD allele. Patients with the DD allele (group DD) of ACE gene polymorphism had (1) significantly elevated mean 5-y intact parathyroid hormone levels when compared with the non-DD group (P=.009), and (2) significantly elevated oral and intravenous 5-y cumulative doses of vitamin D. Oral and intravenous 5-y cumulative doses of vitamin D used in group DD patients were significantly higher than those in group I patients (P=.038 and P=.037, respectively). Knowledge of genetic differences among patients on HD may be useful to the clinician in planning treatment strategy. ACE gene polymorphism may have an effect on hyperparathyroidism, as is seen in patients on HD. Patients from this group who have resistant hyperparathyroidism may be candidates for ACE inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyup Kulah
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Abstract
Osteoporotic fractures in subjects at advanced age constitute a tremendous and growing problem. Established lifestyle risk factors can explain only a modest proportion of the liability to osteoporotic fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) is considered the best established risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. The importance of genetic factors in the quality of bone is substantial, but no consensus exists yet on the genes that are involved. However, concomitant diseases, balance disorders and lifestyle habits are more important for fractures in elderly subjects. The abundance of common sequence variations, so-called polymorphisms, in the human genome and their high frequency in the population have made them targets to explain variation in the risk. Some genes have been identified that appear to be involved in the regulation of bone mass and in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Among these are those coding for the two estrogen receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta), the androgen receptor (AR) and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). In addition, enzymes involved in the biogenesis of estrone and estradiol have attracted attention as well as polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the type I collagen gene, COLIA1, affecting the binding site for the transcription factor Specificity protein 1 (Sp1). Although evidence suggests that the quality of bone is determined to a large extent by genetic factors, research so far has not been able to unequivocally identify genes involved in this matter. Over the last years a large number of studies have pointed to the variability in many genes and their relation with BMD, bone-related symptoms or specific therapies. The findings emphasize the complexity of the genetics of bone mass and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos H H Thijssen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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