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Orleni M, Parise RA, Holleran JL, Amengual JE, Feng Y, Synold T, Beumer JH. Quantitation of tazemetostat in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5903. [PMID: 38783541 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
To support a phase 1 trial in patients with lymphomas, we developed a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for tazemetostat quantitation in 20 μL of human plasma. After protein precipitation, chromatographic separation employed a Kinetex C18 column and a gradient of 0.1% formic acid in both water and acetonitrile, during a 3-min run time. Detection was achieved using a SCIEX 6500+ tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray positive-mode ionization. Validation was based on the latest Food and Drug Administration guidance. With a stable isotopic internal standard, the assay was linear within the range of 10-5000 ng/mL and proved to be accurate (91.9%-103.7%) and precise (<4.4% imprecision). Recovery varied between 93.3% and 121.1%, and matrix effect ranged from -25.5% to -4.9%. Hemolysis, lipemia, and dilution did not impact quantitation. Plasma stability was confirmed after three freeze-thaw cycles, 24 h at room temperature, and 4 months at -80°C. Incurred sample reanalysis yielded 94.4% samples within 20% difference (n = 36). External validation showed a mean bias of -11.1%. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data obtained from three patients suggested variable concentration time profiles, warranting collection of further data. The assay proved to be suitable for tazemetostat quantitation in human plasma and will support clinical studies by defining tazemetostat PKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Orleni
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Doctoral School in Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julianne L Holleran
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer E Amengual
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ye Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Timothy Synold
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Myszkiewicz MF, Puzanov I, Goey AKL. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method to measure the BRAF inhibitors dabrafenib and encorafenib quantitatively and four major metabolites semi-quantitatively in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115594. [PMID: 37478552 PMCID: PMC10528671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the development and validation of a liquid-chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for the simultaneous quantitation of the BRAF inhibitors dabrafenib and encorafenib, and semi-quantitation of their major metabolites (i.e., carboxy-dabrafenib, desmethyl-dabrafenib, hydroxy-dabrafenib, M42.5A) in human plasma. Analytes were extracted from human plasma by protein precipitation, followed by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Analyte detection was performed using tandem mass spectrometry with heated electrospray ionization operating in positive ion mode. The assay was validated in accordance with the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration Guidance on Bioanalytical Method Validation. Results showed that measurements were both accurate (94.6-112.0 %) and precise (within-run: 1.9-3.4 %; between-run: 1.7-12.0 %) spanning a concentration range of 5 to 2000 ng/mL for dabrafenib and 10 to 4000 ng/mL for encorafenib. Recoveries for these analytes were consistent with mean values ranging from 85.6 % to 90.9 %. The mean internal standard-normalized matrix factors for each drug ranged between 0.87 and 0.98 and were found to be precise (% RSD <6.4 %). Dabrafenib and encorafenib were stable in the final extract and in human plasma held under various storage conditions. The metabolites also passed the validation criteria for precision and selectivity. Finally, the clinical applicability of the assay was confirmed by (semi-)quantitation of all six analytes in plasma samples from cancer patients receiving standard-of-care treatment with dabrafenib and encorafenib. Reproducibility of the measured analyte concentrations in study samples was confirmed successfully by incurred sample reanalysis. In conclusion, this sensitive LC-MS/MS assay has been validated successfully and is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of dabrafenib and encorafenib and clinical pharmacokinetic studies with these BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody F Myszkiewicz
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Igor Puzanov
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Andrew K L Goey
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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3
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Burke SM, Kamal M, Goey AKL. Development and Validation of a Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for CDK4/6 Inhibitors Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib, and Abemaciclib-M2 in Human Plasma. Ther Drug Monit 2023; 45:327-336. [PMID: 36728357 PMCID: PMC10175095 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, are standard-of-care agents for patients with hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer. In support of therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacokinetic studies, a liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous quantitation of CDK4/6 inhibitors and the major active metabolite M2 of abemaciclib in human plasma has been developed. METHODS Analytes were extracted from 50 μL of human plasma by precipitating proteins with methanol and then collecting the supernatant. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was performed for analyte separation using a biphasic gradient at a flow rate of 0.25-0.5 mL/min. The total run time was 9.5 minutes. The analytes were detected using MS/MS with electrospray ionization operating in positive ion mode. RESULTS Validation according to the US Food and Drug Administration's guidance showed that the new assay produced accurate (94.7%-107%) and precise (within-run: 1.2%-8.2%; between-run: 0.6%-7.5%) measurements of all analytes over a concentration range of 5-2000 ng/mL. Overall, analyte recoveries were consistent (mean values: 110%-129%). The analytes were also stable in human plasma and the final extract under various storage conditions. Finally, the clinical applicability of the assay was confirmed by quantitation of all analytes in plasma samples obtained from patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors. Reproducibility of the measured analyte concentrations in study samples was confirmed successfully by incurred sample reanalysis. CONCLUSIONS A sensitive liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method to measure CDK4/6 inhibitors was developed and validated according to the Food and Drug Administration criteria. Quantitation of all analytes in clinical plasma samples confirmed that the assay is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacokinetic studies of CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Burke
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mustafa Kamal
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Andrew K L Goey
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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4
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de Leeuw SP, de Bruijn P, Koolen SLW, Dingemans AMC, Mathijssen RHJ, Veerman GDM. Quantitation of osimertinib, alectinib and lorlatinib in human cerebrospinal fluid by UPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 225:115233. [PMID: 36638566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Overall survival in metastatic lung cancer has been dramatically improved with the use of small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs). Quantification of SMKI in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be used to assess penetration of these drugs into the central nervous system. This paper describes an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for quantification of the SMKIs alectinib, lorlatinib and osimertinib in human CSF. Alectinib-d8 and dasatinib-d8 were used as internal standards. Aliquots with 25 µL CSF/30% albumin (9:1,v/v) were mixed with 100 µL internal standard solution consisting of 1 ng/mL dasatinib-d8 and alectinib-d8 in acetonitrile. The analytes were separated by an Acquity UPLC® HSS T3 column (2.1 ×150 mm, 1.8 µm), using gradient elution (ammonium formate pH 4.5, acetonitrile) with a flow rate of 0.400 mL/min. All calibration curves were linear for the concentration range from 2.50 to 250 ng/mL. Within-run and between-run precision varied from 0.72% to 11.7%, with accuracy ranging from 95.3% to 113.2%. For all compounds, a high degree of non-specific binding to the vacutainer was observed. This issue could be countered easily by a combination of pre-coating with BSA solution (30%) in phosphate buffer pH 4.2, and immediate sample mixture with BSA solution after collection. To test the clinical applicability, CSF was collected in seven unique patients using alectinib (n = 1), lorlatinib (n = 2), and osimertinib (n = 4). Measured CSF trough concentrations ranged between 3.37 and 116 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P de Leeuw
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter de Bruijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn L W Koolen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Dingemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G D Marijn Veerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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5
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Kiesel B, Parise RA, Krishnamurthy A, Gore S, Beumer JH. Quantitation of the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related inhibitor elimusertib (BAY-1895344) in human plasma using LC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5455. [PMID: 35876841 PMCID: PMC9731518 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) is master regulator of the DNA-damage response that, through multiple mechanisms, can promote cancer cell survival in response to replication stress from sources, including chemotherapy and radiation. Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) is an orally available small-molecule ATR inhibitor currently in preclinical and clinical development for cancer treatment. To support these studies and define elimusertib pharmacokinetics, we developed a HPLC-MS method for its quantitation. A 50-μL volume of plasma was subjected to acetonitrile protein precipitation and then chromatographic separation using a Phenomenex Polar-RP column (2 × 50 mm, 4 μm) and a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and water during a 7-min run time. Mass spectrometric detection was achieved using a SCIEX 4000 triple-stage mass spectrometer with electrospray positive-mode ionization. With a stable isotopic internal standard, the assay was linear from 30 to 5000 ng/mL and proved to be both accurate (93.5-108.2%) and precise (<6.3% coefficient of variation) fulfilling criteria from the Food and Drug Administration guidance on bioanalytical method validation. This LC-MS/MS assay will support several ongoing clinical studies by defining elimusertib pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Robert A. Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Anuradha Krishnamurthy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Steven Gore
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jan H. Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Development of an Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography method for the simultaneous mass detection of tobacco biomarkers in urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123476. [PMID: 36174263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of tobacco exposure biomarkers is relevant to follow the patients' tobacco use. They allow to discriminate between tobacco users, non-users, passive smokers, and nicotine products users, such as in nicotine replacement therapy. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a quantification method of tobacco biomarkers of choice - nicotine, cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, anatabine and anabasine - in urine. The challenge was to develop an easy and rapid liquid chromatography method requiring only one extraction step and allowing simultaneous detections. Some methods are described in the literature but need specific investment in terms of instrumentation and users training. Here, the developed method had to be carried out with instrumentation easily accessible for medical laboratories. The extraction of the analytes was performed by Supported Liquid Extraction (SLE), which consists in liquid-liquid extraction but supported by a sorbent. It allows to insure efficient neutrals extraction with less organic solvent and without any emulsion formation. 200 µl of basified urine - analytes of interest are neutral in this condition - were loaded on Novum SLE 96-Well Plates (Phenomenex) and analytes were eluted with 1 % formic acid in dichloromethane/propan-2-ol (95/5). After solvent evaporation, samples were reconstituted with 100 µl of water for injection. A mass detector (QDa, Waters) was used to detect analytes, this pre-optimised quadrupole mass analyser being less expensive and requiring less adjustments than traditional mass spectrometers while benefiting of the reliability of mass spectral data. This detector was integrated after an Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation on a BEH C18 column (Waters) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. A gradient elution of H2O (pH 10 with NH4OH) and CH3CN was used. Finally, the developed method was validated. This new method is conclusive to assess the patients' tobacco exposure and is easy to implement in medical laboratories.
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Jones R, Holleran J, Parise RA, Rudek MA, Chan J, Wen Y, Gobburu J, Lewis LD, Beumer JH. Quantitation of Cabozantinib in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 60:274-279. [PMID: 34240176 PMCID: PMC8946687 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To support a phase III randomized trial of the multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib in neuroendocrine tumors, we developed a high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method to quantitate cabozantinib in 50 μL of human plasma. After acetonitrile protein precipitation, chromatographic separation was achieved with a Phenomenex synergy polar reverse phase (4 μm, 2 × 50 mm) column and a gradient of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water over a 5-min run time. Detection was performed on a Quattromicro quadrupole mass spectrometer with electrospray, positive-mode ionization. The assay was linear over the concentration range 50-5000 ng/mL and proved to be accurate (103.4-105.4%) and precise (<5.0%CV). Hemolysis (10% RBC) and use of heparin as anticoagulant did not impact quantitation. Recovery from plasma varied between 103.0-107.7% and matrix effect was -47.5 to -41.3%. Plasma freeze-thaw stability (97.7-104.9%), stability for 3 months at -80°C (103.4-111.4%), and stability for 4 h at room temperature (100.1-104.9%) were all acceptable. Incurred sample reanalysis of (N = 64) passed: 100% samples within 20% difference, -0.7% median difference and 1.1% median absolute difference. External validation showed a bias of less than 1.1%. This assay will help further define the clinical pharmacokinetics of cabozantinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Jones
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 , USA
| | - Julianne Holleran
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 , USA
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 , USA
| | - Michelle A Rudek
- Department of Oncology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jennifer Chan
- Dana Farber/Partners CancerCare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave. Boston, MA 02215-5450, USA
| | - Yujia Wen
- Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, 125 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60606 , USA
| | - Joga Gobburu
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland, 20 North Pine Street Baltimore, Maryland 21201 , USA
| | - Lionel D Lewis
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Dr, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 , USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, 3501 Terrace St Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Bernardo SC, Carapito R, Neves MC, Freire MG, Sousa F. Supported Ionic Liquids Used as Chromatographic Matrices in Bioseparation-An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:1618. [PMID: 35268719 PMCID: PMC8911583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography plays a central role in biomanufacturing, and, apart from its use as a preparative purification strategy, either in biopharmaceuticals or in fine chemicals industries, it is also very useful as an analytical tool for monitoring, assessing, and characterizing diverse samples. The present review gives an overview of the progress of the chromatographic supports that have been used in the purification of high-value products (e.g., small molecules, organic compounds, proteins, and nucleic acids). Despite the diversity of currently available chromatographic matrices, the interest in innovative biomolecules emphasizes the need for novel, robust, and more efficient supports and ligands with improved selectivity. Accordingly, ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated as novel ligands in chromatographic matrices. Given herein is an extensive review regarding the different immobilization strategies of ILs in several types of supports, namely in silica, Sepharose, and polymers. In addition to depicting their synthesis, the main application examples of these supports are also presented. The multiple interactions promoted by ILs are critically discussed concerning the improved selectivity towards target molecules. Overall, the versatility of supported ILs is here considered a critical point to their exploitation as alternatives to the more conventional liquid chromatographic matrices used in bioseparation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C. Bernardo
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (S.C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Rita Carapito
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (S.C.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Márcia C. Neves
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Fani Sousa
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (S.C.B.); (R.C.)
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Dried Blood Spot Technique Applied in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Anticancer Drugs: a Review on Conversion Methods to Correlate Plasma and Dried Blood Spot Concentrations. Pharm Res 2021; 38:759-778. [PMID: 33846903 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticancer drugs are notoriously characterized by a low therapeutic index, the introduction of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in oncologic clinical practice could therefore be fundamental to improve treatment efficacy. In this context, an attractive technique to overcome the conventional venous sampling limits and simplify TDM application is represented by dried blood spot (DBS). Despite the significant progress made in bioanalysis exploiting DBS, there is still the need to tackle some challenges that limit the application of this technology: one of the main issues is the comparison of drug concentrations obtained from DBS with those obtained from reference matrix (e.g., plasma). In fact, the use of DBS assays to estimate plasma concentrations is highly dependent on the chemical-physical characteristics of the measured analyte, in particular on how these properties determine the drug partition in whole blood. METHODS In the present review, we introduce a critical investigation of the DBS-to-plasma concentration conversion methods proposed in the last ten years and applied to quantitative bioanalysis of anticancer drugs in DBS matrix. To prove the concordance between DBS and plasma concentration, the results of statistical tests applied and the presence or absence of trends or biases were also considered.
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10
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Sabourian R, Mirjalili SZ, Namini N, Chavoshy F, Hajimahmoodi M, Safavi M. HPLC methods for quantifying anticancer drugs in human samples: A systematic review. Anal Biochem 2020; 610:113891. [PMID: 32763305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic (PK) study of anticancer drugs in cancer patients is highly crucial for dose selection and dosing intervals in clinical applications. Once an anticancer drug is administered, it undergoes various metabolic pathways; to determine these pathways, it is necessary to follow the administered drug in biological samples via different analytical methods. In addition, multi-drug quantification methods in patients undergoing multi-drug regimens of cancer therapy can have several benefits, such as reduced sampling time and analysis costs. In order to collect and categorize these studies, we conducted a systematic review of HPLC methods reported for the analysis of anticancer drugs in biological samples. A systematic search was performed on PubMed Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and 116 studies were included. In summary of included studies, when the objective of a method was to quantify a single drug, MS, or UV detectors were utilized equivalently. On the other hand, in methods with the aim of quantifying drug and metabolite(s) in a single run, MS detectors were the most utilized. This review can provide a comprehensive insight for researchers prior to developing a quantification method and selecting a detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sabourian
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zohreh Mirjalili
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Namini
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Chavoshy
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
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To quantify the small-molecule kinase inhibitors ceritinib, dacomitinib, lorlatinib, and nintedanib in human plasma by liquid chromatography/triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113733. [PMID: 33217707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Multiple small-molecule kinase inhibitors with specific molecular targets have recently been developed for the treatment of cancer. This article reports the development and validation of an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to simultaneously analyse the small-molecule kinase inhibitors dacomitinib, ceritinib, lorlatinib, and nintedanib in human plasma. For chromatographic analyte separation, an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column 1.7 μm, 50 mm x 2.1 mm was used with a binary gradient of pure water/formic acid/ammonium formate (100:0.1:0.02, v/v/v) and methanol/formic acid (100:0.1, v/v). Calibration curves for all small-molecule kinase inhibitors were 5.00-500 ng/mL. Validation of this method met all requirements of the Food and Drug administration. Additionally, clinical applicability was demonstrated by quantification of multiple samples from a pharmacokinetic study in patients with lung cancer.
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12
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Lobo AMG, Magalhães IRS. Determination of tafenoquine in human plasma by dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. G. Lobo
- Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - Igor R. S. Magalhães
- Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Amazonas Brazil
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13
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van Nuland M, Rosing H, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Bioanalytical LC-MS/MS validation of therapeutic drug monitoring assays in oncology. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4623. [PMID: 31215049 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has shown to benefit patients treated with drugs of many drug classes, among which is oncology. With an increasing demand for drug monitoring, new assays have to be developed and validated. Guidelines for bioanalytical validation issued by the European Medicines Agency and US Food and Drug Administration are applicable for clinical trials and toxicokinetic studies and demand fully validated bioanalytical methods to yield reliable results. However, for TDM assays a limited validation approach is suggested based on the intended use of these methods. This review presents an overview of publications that describe method validation of assays specifically designed for TDM. In addition to evaluating current practice, we provide recommendations that could serve as a guide for future validations of TDM assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel van Nuland
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Christner SM, Parise RA, Ivy PS, Tawbi H, Chu E, Beumer JH. Quantitation of paclitaxel, and its 6-alpha-OH and 3-para-OH metabolites in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 172:26-32. [PMID: 31022613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for quantitating paclitaxel and its 6-alpha-OH and 3-para-OH metabolites in 0.1 mL human plasma. After MTBE liquid-liquid extraction, chromatographic separation was achieved with a Phenomenex synergy polar reverse phase (4 μm, 2 mm × 50 mm) column and a gradient of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and water over an 8 min run time. Mass spectrometric detection was performed on an ABI SCIEX 4000Q with electrospray, positive-mode ionization. The assay was linear from 10-10,000 ng/mL for paclitaxel and 1-1000 ng/mL for both metabolites and proved to be accurate (94.3-110.4%) and precise (<11.3%CV). Recovery from plasma was 59.3-91.3% and matrix effect was negligible (-3.5 to 6.2%). Plasma freeze thaw stability (90.2-107.0%), stability for 37 months at -80 °C (89.4-112.6%), and stability for 4 h at room temperature (87.7-100.0%) were all acceptable. This assay will be an essential tool to further define the metabolism and pharmacology of paclitaxel and metabolites in the clinical setting. The assay may be utilized for therapeutic drug monitoring of paclitaxel and may also reveal the CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 activity phenotype of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Christner
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Percy S Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Edward Chu
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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15
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Veerman GDM, Lam MH, Mathijssen RHJ, Koolen SLW, de Bruijn P. Quantification of afatinib, alectinib, crizotinib and osimertinib in human plasma by liquid chromatography/triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry; focusing on the stability of osimertinib. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1113:37-44. [PMID: 30889498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development and full validation of a sensitive and selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method are described for the simultaneous analysis of afatinib, alectinib, crizotinib and osimertinib in human lithium heparinized plasma. Afatinib-d6, crizotinib-d5 and erlotinib-d6 were used as internal standards. Given osimertinib's instability in plasma and whole blood at ambient temperature, samples should be solely processed on ice (T = 0 °C). Chromatographic separation was obtained on an Acquity UPLC ® BEH C18; 2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm column, which was eluted with 0.400 mL/minute flow on a linear gradient, consisting of 10 mM ammonium formate (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile. Calibration curves for all compounds were linear for concentration ranges of 1.00 to 100 ng/mL for afatinib and 10.0 to 1000 ng/mL for alectinib, crizotinib and osimertinib, herewith validating the lower limits of quantification at 1.00 ng/mL for afatinib and 10.0 ng/mL for alectinib, crizotinib and osimertinib. Within-run and between-run precision measurements fell within 10.2%, with accuracy ranging from 89.2 to 110%.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Marijn Veerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mei H Lam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn L W Koolen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter de Bruijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Lee S, Kim M, Oh JH, Lee JH, Shin N, Park T, Lee JH, Kim MC, Lee YJ. Optimized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for Otaplimastat quantification in rat plasma and brain tissue. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:258-264. [PMID: 30566583 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An optimized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simple and sensitive quantification of Otaplimastat in rat plasma and brain tissue was developed and validated. Protein precipitation with acetonitrile was selected for sample preparation method based on recovery and matrix effect. The chromatographic separation of the sample was performed on a reverse-phase AQ column with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 10 mM ammonium acetate (pH 4.0) and acetonitrile (50:50, v/v). The analyte was quantified by multiple reaction monitoring with a Waters Quattro micro™ API mass spectrometer. The lower limits of quantification were 20 ng/mL in plasma and 2 ng/g in brain, with the relative standard deviation % of 7.6 and 8.0% for plasma and brain samples, respectively. Acceptable intra-day and inter-day precisions and accuracies were obtained. Otaplimastat was sufficiently stable under all relevant analytical conditions, including a temperature of 4°C for 24 hr, room temperature 20°C for 24 hr, -80°C for 10 days and three freeze-thaw cycles (each at -80°C for 24 hr), for rat plasma and brain tissue. The validated method was successfully used to measure Otaplimastat concentrations in rat plasma and brain samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seolhee Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Lee
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Naree Shin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taehoon Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Chang Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joo Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Biopharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Takla SS, Shawky E, Hammoda HM, Darwish FA. Green techniques in comparison to conventional ones in the extraction of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: Best solvents selection and parameters optimization. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1567:99-110. [PMID: 30033169 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An undisputed trend in sample preparation at present is to meet the requirements of green chemistry especially in the field of natural products. Green technology continuously pursues new solvents to replace common organic solvents that possess inherent toxicity. Over the past two decades, non-ionic surfactants have gained enormous attention from the scientific community. The micelle-mediated extraction and cloud-point preconcentration (CPE) methods offer a convenient alternative to the conventional extraction systems. Recently, natural deep eutectic solvents (NDESs) have emerged as green and sustainable solvents for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds or drugs. They are generally composed of neutral, acidic or basic compounds that form liquids of high viscosity when mixed in certain molar ratio. The presented work aimed to comprehensively compare and evaluate the potential and effectiveness of NDES as well as non-ionic surfactants (Genapol X-080, Triton X-100 and Triton X-114) for extraction of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Crinum powellii bulbs as representative example of plant material, in comparison to the conventional solvents (methanol, ethanol and water).A new validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitation of three alkaloids markers, lycorine, crinine and crinamine, in the bulbs of C. powellii. Extraction efficiency of the targeted alkaloids from the bulb matrix with organic and ecofriendly (green) solvents were studied. Results revealed that NDES and surfactants were significantly more efficient in alkaloid extraction than previous methods requiring the consumption of organic solvents and water. Genapol X-80 demonstrated 138%, 149% and 145%, while choline chloride: fructose (5:2): H2O (35%) NDES mixture demonstrated 243%, 225% and 238% of the total alkaloidal extraction capacity of ethanol, methanol and water, respectively at 50 °C for extraction time 1 h using ultrasonication for all experiments. Furthermore, Box-Behnken response surface design combined with the overall desirability value were successfully employed to optimize and study the individual and interactive effect of process variables such as extraction temperature, time and surfactant %, for Genapol X-80, and sonication extraction temperature, time and water concentration, for choline chloride: fructose: H2O NDES mixture, on the alkaloidal yield from C. powellii. It was evident that parameters interacting together can act in synergism if adjusted properly according to the optimized conditions to obtain maximum alkaloids extractability. It is for the first time that the efficiency of micelle-mediated extraction has been compared to that of natural deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of alkaloids and the results thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Takla
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman Shawky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fikria A Darwish
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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18
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Godet M, Simar J, Closset M, Hecq JD, Braibant M, Soumoy L, Gillet P, Jamart J, Bihin B, Galanti L. Stability of Concentrated Solution of Vancomycin Hydrochloride in Syringes for Intensive Care Units. PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY IN HOSPITAL PHARMACY 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pthp-2017-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Vancomycin is increasingly administrated by continuous infusion. But the treatment of patient in intensive care need restricted volume to prevent fluid overload. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physical and chemical stability of solutions of a high concentration of vancomycin hydrochloride in 5 % glucose or 0.9 % NaCl.
Methods
Eight syringes of 50 mL, containing 41.66 mg/mL of vancomycin hydrochloride four syringes in 5 % glucose and four in 0.9 % NaCl were prepared and stored at ambient temperature during 48 h. Immediately after preparation and during 48 h, vancomycin hydrochloride concentrations were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Spectrophotometric absorbance at different wavelengths, pH measurement and microscopic observations were also performed.
Results
All solutions were physico-chemically stable during the whole period storage at ambient temperature: no color change, turbidity, precipitation or opacity, no significant pH variations or optic densities were observed in the solutions. Any crystals were seen by microscopic analysis. Solutions are considered chemically stable as the lower limit of the 95 % unilateral confidence interval on the mean remained above 90 % of the initial concentration for at least 48 h.
Conclusions
Solutions of vancomycin hydrochloride 41.66 mg/mL in syringe of 5 % glucose or 0.9 % NaCl are physically and chemically stable for at least 48 h when stored in syringes at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Godet
- Medical Laboratory , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
- Drug Stability Research Group , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | - Joanna Simar
- Medical Laboratory , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Daniel Hecq
- Department of Pharmacy , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
- Drug Stability Research Group , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | | | - Laura Soumoy
- Department of Pharmacy , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | | | - Jacques Jamart
- Scientific Support Unit , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
- Drug Stability Research Group , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | - Benoît Bihin
- Scientific Support Unit , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
- Drug Stability Research Group , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
| | - Laurence Galanti
- Medical Laboratory , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
- Drug Stability Research Group , CHU UCL Namur , Yvoir , Belgium
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19
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van Nuland M, Hillebrand MJX, Rosing H, Burgers JA, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Ultra-sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of gemcitabine and its metabolite 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine in human plasma for a microdose clinical trial. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 151:25-31. [PMID: 29294409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In microdose clinical trials a maximum of 100 μg of drug substance is administered to participants, in order to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of the agents. Measuring low plasma concentrations after administration of a microdose is challenging and requires the use of ulta-sensitive equipment. Novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) platforms can be used for quantification of low drug plasma levels. Here we describe the development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for quantification of gemcitabine and its metabolite 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU) in the low picogram per milliliter range to support a microdose trial. The validated assay ranges from 2.5-500 pg/mL for gemcitabine and 250-50,000 pg/mL for dFdU were linear, with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.996 or better. Sample preparation with solid phase extraction provided a good and reproducible recovery. All results were within the acceptance criteria of the latest US FDA guidance and EMA guidelines. In addition, the method was successfully applied to measure plasma concentrations of gemcitabine in a patient after administration of a microdose of gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van Nuland
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - M J X Hillebrand
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J A Burgers
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J H M Schellens
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Division of Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assay for the quantitation of the novel radiation protective agent and radiation mitigator JP4-039 in murine plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 150:169-175. [PMID: 29245086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
JP4-039 radio-protects prior to, and radio-mitigates after ionizing radiation by neutralizing reactive oxygen species. We developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of JP4-039 in murine plasma. Methanol protein precipitation of 50μL plasma was followed by isocratic reverse phase chromatography for a 6min run time, and electrospray positive mode ionization mass spectrometric detection. The plasma assay was linear from 1 to 1000ng/mL with appropriate accuracy (97.1-107.6%) and precision (3.7-12.5%CV), and fulfilled FDA guidance criteria. Recovery was 77.2-136.1% with moderate ionization enhancement (10.9-39.5%). Plasma freeze-thaw stability (98.8-104.2%), stability for 13.5 months at -80°C (93.1-105.6%), and stability for 4h at room temperature (94.2-97.6%) were all acceptable. Limited cross-validation to tissue homogenates suggested that these could also be analyzed for JP4-039 accurately. This assay has been directly applied to determine the pharmacokinetics of JP4-039 in C57BL/6 male mice after IV administration of 20mg/kg JP4-039 and will be extended to other studies of this agent.
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21
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Pendry BA, Kemp V, Hughes MJ, Freeman J, Nuhu HK, Sanchez-Medina A, Corcoran O, Galante E. Silymarin content in Silybum marianum extracts as a biomarker for the quality of commercial tinctures. J Herb Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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The Geek Perspective: Answering the Call for Advanced Technology in Research Inquiry Related to Pediatric Brain Injury and Motor Disability. Pediatr Phys Ther 2017; 29:356-359. [PMID: 28953183 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy Research Summit IV issued a Call to Action for community-wide intensification of a research enterprise in inquiries related to pediatric brain injury and motor disability by way of technological integration. But the barriers can seem high, and the pathways to integrative clinical research can seem poorly marked. Here, we answer the Call by providing framework to 3 objectives: (1) instrumentation, (2) biometrics and study design, and (3) data analytics. We identify emergent cases where this Call has been answered and advocate for others to echo the Call both in highly visible physical therapy venues and in forums where the audience is diverse.
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23
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Matsumoto J, Kiesel BF, Parise RA, Guo J, Taylor S, Huang M, Eiseman JL, Ivy SP, Kunos C, Chu E, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor triapine in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:154-160. [PMID: 28881312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor and radiosensitizer triapine (3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (3-AP), NSC 663249) is clinically being evaluated via the intravenous (IV) route for the treatment of cervical and vulvar cancer in combination with primary cisplatin chemoradiation. The need for a 2-h infusion and frequent administration of triapine is logistically challenging, prompting us to pursue oral (PO) administration. In support of the clinical trial investigating oral triapine in combination with chemoradiation, we developed and validated a novel LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of triapine in 50μL human plasma. After protein precipitation, chromatographic separation of the supernatant was achieved with a Shodex ODP2 column and an isocratic acetonitrile-water mobile phase with 10% ammonium acetate. Detection with an ABI 4000 mass spectrometer utilized electrospray positive mode ionization. The assay was linear from 3 to 3,000ng/mL and proved to be accurate (97.1-103.1%) and precise (<7.4% CV), and met the U.S. FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. This LC-MS/MS assay will be an essential tool to further define the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of triapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Matsumoto
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Brian F Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jianxia Guo
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pittsburgh-Magee Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marilyn Huang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, University of Pittsburgh-Magee Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Julie L Eiseman
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - S Percy Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Charles Kunos
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Edward Chu
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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24
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Kiesel BF, Scemama J, Parise RA, Villaruz L, Iffland A, Doyle A, Ivy P, Chu E, Bakkenist CJ, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of the ATR kinase inhibitor VX-970 in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:244-250. [PMID: 28888173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DNA damaging chemotherapy and radiation are widely used standard-of-care modalities for the treatment of cancer. Nevertheless, the outcome for many patients remains poor and this may be attributed, at least in part, to highly effective DNA repair mechanisms. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) is a key regulator of the DNA-damage response (DDR) that orchestrates the repair of damaged replication forks. ATR is a serine/threonine protein kinase and ATR kinase inhibitors potentiate chemotherapy and radiation. The ATR kinase inhibitor VX-970 (NSC 780162) is in clinical development in combination with primary cytotoxic agents and as a monotherapy for tumors harboring specific mutations. We have developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the sensitive, accurate and precise quantitation of VX-970 in human plasma. A dilute-and-shoot method was used to precipitate proteins followed by chromatographic separation with a Phenomenex Polar-RP 80Å (4μm, 50×2mm) column and a gradient acetonitrile-water mobile phase containing 0.1% formic acid from a 50μL sample volume. Detection was achieved using an API 4000 mass spectrometer using electrospray positive ionization mode. The assay was linear from 3 to 5,000ng/mL, proved to be accurate (94.6-104.2%) and precise (<8.4% CV), and fulfilled criteria from the FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. This LC-MS/MS assay will be a crucial tool in defining the clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of VX-970 as it progresses through clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian F Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonas Scemama
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Aix-Marseille University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicokinetics Department, Marseille, France
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Liza Villaruz
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andre Iffland
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Preclinical Safety Assessment-Bioanalysis, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Austin Doyle
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Percy Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward Chu
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J Bakkenist
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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25
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Boons CCLM, Chahbouni A, Schimmel AM, Wilhelm AJ, den Hartog YM, Janssen JJWM, Hendrikse NH, Hugtenburg JG, Swart EL. Dried blood spot sampling of nilotinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia: a comparison with venous blood sampling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28643375 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare nilotinib concentrations obtained by venous blood sampling and dried blood spot (DBS) in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). It was investigated how to predict nilotinib plasma levels on the basis of DBS. METHODS Forty duplicate DBS and venous blood samples were collected from 20 patients. Capillary blood was obtained by finger prick and spotted on DMPK-C Whatman sampling paper, simultaneously with venous blood sampling. Plasma concentrations were predicted from DBS concentrations using three methods: (1) individual and (2) mean haematocrit correction and (3) the bias between plasma and DBS concentrations. Results were compared using Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis. KEY FINDINGS Nilotinib plasma concentrations ranged from 376 to 2663 μg/l. DBS concentrations ranged from 144 to 1518 μg/l. The slope was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.51 to 0.61) with an intercept of -41.68 μg/l (95% CI, -93.78 to 10.42). Mean differences between calculated and measured plasma concentrations were -14.3% (method 1), -14.0% (method 2) and -0.6% (method 3); differences were within 20% of the mean in 73%, 85% and 80% of the samples, respectively. The slopes were respectively 0.96 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.06), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.03) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.91 to 1.09). CONCLUSIONS Plasma concentrations of nilotinib could be predicted on the basis of DBS. DBS sampling to assess nilotinib concentrations in CML patients seems a suitable alternative for venous sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel C L M Boons
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abdel Chahbouni
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneliene M Schimmel
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham J Wilhelm
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M den Hartog
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Haematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J W M Janssen
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Haematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Harry Hendrikse
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline G Hugtenburg
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora L Swart
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Kiesel BF, Shogan JC, Rachid M, Parise RA, Vendetti FP, Bakkenist CJ, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the simultaneous quantitation of the ATM inhibitor AZ31 and the ATR inhibitor AZD6738 in mouse plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:158-165. [PMID: 28213176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ATM kinase inhibitor AZ31 and ATR kinase inhibitor AZD6738 are in various phases of preclinical and clinical evaluation for their ability to potentiate chemoradiation. To support the preclinical evaluation of their pharmacokinetics, we developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the simultaneous quantification of AZ31 and AZD6738 in mouse plasma. A "dilute and shoot" method was used to precipitate proteins from a sample volume of 50μL. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Phenomenex Polar-RP column and a gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol-water with 0.1% formic acid. Detection was accomplished using a Waters Quattro Micro mass spectrometer in positive ionization mode. The assay utilizing 50μL sample was linear from 10 to 5000ng/mL and determined to be both accurate (-8.2 to 8.6%) and precise (<5.4% CV) and achieved the criteria for U.S. FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. Quantification was achieved in mouse tissue homogenate using a separate 200μL sample preparation. This LC-MS/MS assay will be essential for determining the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics in future mouse studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian F Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Shogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madani Rachid
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank P Vendetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J Bakkenist
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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27
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Kim KP, Parise RA, Holleran JL, Lewis LD, Appleman L, van Erp N, Morris MJ, Beumer JH. Simultaneous quantitation of abiraterone, enzalutamide, N-desmethyl enzalutamide, and bicalutamide in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:197-205. [PMID: 28219796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR) pathway is an important clinical strategy in metastatic prostate cancer. Novel agents including abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide have been shown to prolong life in men with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of AR-targeted agents, we developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of enzalutamide, N-desmethyl enzalutamide, abiraterone and bicalutamide in 0.05mL human plasma. After protein precipitation, chromatographic separation was achieved with a Phenomenex Synergi Polar-RP column and a linear gradient of 0.1% formic acid in methanol and water. Detection with an ABI 4000Q mass spectrometer utilized electrospray ionization in positive multiple reaction monitoring mode. The assay was linear over the ranges of 1-1000ng/mL for abiraterone and bicalutamide and 100-30,000ng/mL for N-desmethyl enzalutamide and enzalutamide and proved to be accurate (92.8-107.7%) and precise (largest was 15.3% CV at LLOQ for bicalutamide), and fulfilled FDA criteria for bioanalytical method validation. We demonstrated the suitability of this assay in plasma from patients who were administered enzalutamide 160mg, abiraterone 1000mg and bicalutamide 50mg once a day as monotherapy or in combination. The LC-MS/MS assay that has been developed will be an essential tool that further defines the pharmacology of the combinations of androgen synthesis or AR-receptor targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Pyo Kim
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julianne L Holleran
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lionel D Lewis
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Leonard Appleman
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nielka van Erp
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael J Morris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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28
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Zhu D, Wang S, Lawless J, He J, Zheng Z. Dose Dependent Dual Effect of Baicalin and Herb Huang Qin Extract on Angiogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167125. [PMID: 27902752 PMCID: PMC5130244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Huang Qin (root of Scutellaria baicalensis) is a widely used herb in different countries for adjuvant therapy of inflammation, diabetes, hypertension, different kinds of cancer and virus related diseases. Baicalin is the main flavonoid in this herb and has been extensively studied for 30 years. The angiogenic effect of herb Huang Qin extract and baicalin was found 13 years ago, however, the results were controversial with pro-angiogenic effect in some studies and anti-angiogenic effect in others. In this paper, the angiogenic effect of baicalin, its aglycone form baicalein and aqueous extract of Huang Qin was studied in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Dose dependent dual effect was found in both aqueous extract and baicalin, but not in baicalein, in which only inhibitory effect was observed. In order to reveal the cellular and molecular mechanism of how baicalin and baicalein affect angiogenesis, cell proliferation and programmed cell death assays were performed in treated CAM. In addition, quantitative PCR array including 84 angiogenesis related genes was used to detect high and low dosage of baicalin and baicalein responsive genes. Low dose baicalin increased cell proliferation in developing blood vessels through upregulation of multiple angiogenic genes expression, but high dose baicalin induced cell death, performing inhibitory effect on angiogenesis. Both high and low dose of baicalein down regulated the expression of multiple angiogenic genes, decreased cell proliferation, and leads to inhibitory effects on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
| | - John Lawless
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jianchen He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (JH)
| | - Zhengui Zheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (JH)
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29
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Kiesel BF, Parise RA, Wong A, Keyvanjah K, Jacobs S, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 134:130-136. [PMID: 27907855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neratinib is an orally available tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting HER2 (ERBB2) and EGFR (ERBB). It is being clinically evaluated for the treatment of breast and other solid tumors types as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapies. In support of several phase I/II clinical trials investigating neratinib combinations, we developed and validated a novel LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of neratinib in 100μL of human plasma with a stable isotopic internal standard. Analytes were extracted from plasma using protein precipitation and evaporation of the resulting supernatant followed by resuspension. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP18 column and a gradient methanol-water mobile phase containing 10% ammonium acetate. An ABI 4000 mass spectrometer and electrospray positive mode ionization were used for detection. The assay was linear from 2 to 1,000ng/mL and proved to be accurate (98.9-106.5%) and precise (<6.2%CV), and met the FDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. This LC-MS/MS assay will be an essential tool to further define the pharmacokinetics of neratinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian F Kiesel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alvin Wong
- PUMA Biotechnology Inc., Los Angeles CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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30
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Holleran JL, Eiseman JL, Parise RA, Kummar S, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of FdCyd and its metabolites FdUrd and FU in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:359-366. [PMID: 27454087 PMCID: PMC5003709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The hypomethylating agent 5-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine (FdCyd, NSC 48006) is being evaluated clinically both via the intravenous route and via the oral route in combination with 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrouridine (THU), a potent inhibitor of FdCyd catabolism. To determine the pharmacokinetics of FdCyd and downstream metabolites, we developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of FdCyd, 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd), and 5-fluorouracil (FU) in 0.2mL human plasma. After acetonitrile protein precipitation, the sample was split and separate chromatography was achieved for FdCyd with a Synergi Polar-RP column and for FdUrd and FU with a Shodex Asahipak NH2P-50 2D column. Gradients of 0.1% acetic acid in acetonitrile and water were used. Detection with a Quattromicro quadrupole mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization in positive-ion (FdCyd) or negative-ion (FdUrd and FU) multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The assay was linear from 5 to 3000ng/mL for all three analytes and proved to be accurate (96.7-105.5%) and precise (<8.1%CV), and fulfilled FDA criteria for bioanalytical method validation. We demonstrated the suitability of this assay for measuring FdCyd and metabolites FdUrd and FU in plasma from a patient who was administered 120mg PO FdCyd 30min after 3000mg THU. Our LC-MS/MS assay will be an essential tool to further define the pharmacology of FdCyd in ongoing and future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne L Holleran
- Cancer Therapeutics Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Julie L Eiseman
- Cancer Therapeutics Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shivaani Kummar
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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31
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Kadian N, Raju KSR, Rashid M, Malik MY, Taneja I, Wahajuddin M. Comparative assessment of bioanalytical method validation guidelines for pharmaceutical industry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 126:83-97. [PMID: 27179186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The concepts, importance, and application of bioanalytical method validation have been discussed for a long time and validation of bioanalytical methods is widely accepted as pivotal before they are taken into routine use. United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) guidelines issued in 2001 have been referred for every guideline released ever since; may it be European Medical Agency (EMA) Europe, National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) Brazil, Ministry of Health and Labour Welfare (MHLW) Japan or any other guideline in reference to bioanalytical method validation. After 12 years, USFDA released its new draft guideline for comments in 2013, which covers the latest parameters or topics encountered in bioanalytical method validation and approached towards the harmonization of bioanalytical method validation across the globe. Even though the regulatory agencies have general agreement, significant variations exist in acceptance criteria and methodology. The present review highlights the variations, similarities and comparison between bioanalytical method validation guidelines issued by major regulatory authorities worldwide. Additionally, other evaluation parameters such as matrix effect, incurred sample reanalysis including other stability aspects have been discussed to provide an ease of access for designing a bioanalytical method and its validation complying with the majority of drug authority guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kadian
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Kanumuri Siva Rama Raju
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Yaseen Malik
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Isha Taneja
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Muhammad Wahajuddin
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India.
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32
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Drooger JC, Jager A, Lam MH, den Boer MD, Sleijfer S, Mathijssen RH, de Bruijn P. Development and validation of an UPLC–MS/MS method for the quantification of tamoxifen and its main metabolites in human scalp hair. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 114:416-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Raposo F, Borja R, Cacho JA, Mumme J, Mohedano ÁF, Battimelli A, Bolzonella D, Schuit AD, Noguerol-Arias J, Frigon JC, Peñuela GA, Muehlenberg J, Sambusiti C. Harmonization of the quantitative determination of volatile fatty acids profile in aqueous matrix samples by direct injection using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography techniques: Multi-laboratory validation study. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1413:94-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Salvinorin A content in legal high products of Salvia divinorum sold in Mexico. Forensic Sci Int 2015; 249:197-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Christner SM, Parise RA, Levine ED, Rizvi NA, Gounder MM, Beumer JH. Quantitative method for the determination of iso-fludelone (KOS-1803) in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 100:199-204. [PMID: 25168219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epothilones are relatively new tubulin-poison anticancer drugs. Iso-fludelone (KOS-1803) is a synthetic third generation epothilone drug discovered at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and currently in phase I clinical trials. We report an LC-MS/MS assay for the sensitive, accurate and precise quantitation of iso-fludelone in 0.2mL of human plasma. Validation was performed according to FDA guidance. The assay comprised of KOS-1724 as the internal standard and an MTBE liquid-liquid extraction with a water wash step. Separation was achieved with an YMC-Pack ODS-AQ column and an isocratic mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and water (70:30, v/v) at 0.3mL/min for 4min. Chromatographic separation was followed by electrospray, positive-mode ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The assay was linear from 0.1 to 300ng/mL and was accurate (-9.41 to -7.07%) and precise (1.03-13.7%) which fulfilled FDA criteria for validation. Recovery from plasma was 73.9-79.7% and ion suppression was negligible (-22.8 to -31.3%). Plasma freeze-thaw stability (99.97-105.7%), stability for 11 months at -80°C (94.93-107.9%), and stability for 6h at room temperature (94.75-105.5%) were all acceptable. This assay is currently being applied to quantitate iso-fludelone in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Christner
- Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Robert A Parise
- Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erica D Levine
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Naiyer A Rizvi
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Jan H Beumer
- Molecular Therapeutics/Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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36
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Determination of Racemic Ketorolac, Ketorolac Enantiomers and Their Metabolites in Human Plasma and Urine by LC–UV, Applied in Clinical Study During and After Pregnancy. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Fernández-Peralbo MA, Ferreiro Vera C, Priego-Capote F, Luque de Castro MD. Stable isotopic internal standard correction for quantitative analysis of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) in serum by on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS in selected reaction monitoring mode. Talanta 2014; 126:170-6. [PMID: 24881549 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the inclusion of a stable isotopic labeled internal standard (SIL-IS) on the quantitative analysis of hydroxyeicosatetranoic acids (HETEs) in human serum is evaluated in this research. A solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) platform, one of the preferred approaches for targeted analysis of biofluids through the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) operational mode, was used to determine HETEs. These compounds were chosen as targeted metabolites because of their involvement in cardiovascular disease, cancer and osteoporosis. 15HETE-d8 was chosen as internal standard to evaluate matrix effects. Thus, the physico-chemical properties of the SIL-IS were the basis to evaluate the analytical features of the method for each metabolite through four calibration models. Two of the models were built with standard solutions at different concentration levels, but one of the calibration sets was spiked with an internal standard (IS). The other two models were built with the serum pool from osteoporotic patients, which was spiked at different concentrations with the target analytes. In this case, one of the serum calibration sets was also spiked with the IS. The study shows that the IS allowed noticeable correction of matrix effects for some HETE isomers at certain concentration levels, while accuracy was decreased at low concentration (15ng/mL) of them. Therefore, characterization of the method has been properly completed at different concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Fernández-Peralbo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - C Ferreiro Vera
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - F Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M D Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Abstract
AbstractPindolol ((2RS)-(1-(1H-indol-4-iloxy)-3- [(1-metyloetylo)amino]-2-propanol) in substantia was exposed to ionising radiation emitted by high energy electrons from an accelerator, in the standard sterilisation dose of 25 kGy and in higher doses from the range 50–400 kGy. The effects of irradiation were checked by spectrometric methods (UV, MS, FT-IR, EPR) and hyphenated methods (HPLC-MS) and the results were referred to those obtained for non-irradiated sample. EPR results indicated the presence of free radicals in irradiated samples, in the amount of 1.36 × 1016 spin g−1 for 25 kGy and 3.70×1016 spin g−1 for 400 kGy. The loss of pindolol content determined by HPLC was 1.34% after irradiation with 400 kGy, while the radiolytic yield of the total radiolysis for this dose of irradiation was 2.69×107 mol J−1. By means of HPLC-MS it was possible to separate and identify one product of radiolytic decomposition, which probably is 2-((R)-3-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropylamino)propan-1-ol formed upon oxidation. In the range of sterilisation doses (25–50 kGy), pindolol was found to show high radiochemical stability and would probably be safely sterilised by the standard dose of 25 kGy.
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Bioanalytical method for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of the GCP-II inhibitor 2-phosphonomethyl pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 88:162-9. [PMID: 24055700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
2-Phosphonomethyl pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA) is a potent and selective inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase-II, an enzyme which catabolizes the abundant neuropeptide N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) to N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glutamate. 2-PMPA demonstrates robust efficacy in numerous animal models of neurological disease, however its pharmacokinetics has not yet been fully described. 2-PMPA is a highly polar compound with multiple negative charges causing significant challenges for analysis in biological matrices. Here we report a derivatization method for the acidic groups that involved protein precipitation with acetonitrile followed by reaction with N-tert-butyldimethysilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA). The silylated analyte with transitions (683→551.4) and the internal standard (669→537.2) were monitored by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray positive ionization mode. The method was subsequently used to evaluate 2-PMPA pharmacokinetics in rats. Intraperitoneal administration of 100mg/kg 2-PMPA resulted in maximum concentration in plasma of 275μg/mL at 0.25h. The half-life, area under the curve, apparent clearance, and volume of distribution were 0.64h, 210μg×h/mL, 7.93mL/min/kg, and 0.44L/kg, respectively. The tissue/plasma ratios in brain, sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion were 0.018, 0.120 and 0.142, respectively. In summary, a sensitive analytical method for 2-PMPA is reported that can be employed for similarly charged molecules.
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Delvadia PR, Karnes HT. SELECTIVITY INVESTIGATION AND LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF NICOTINE IN TOBACCO EXTRACTS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.704607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam R. Delvadia
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - H. Thomas Karnes
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
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Kiesel BF, Parise RA, Tjørnelund J, Christensen MK, Loza E, Tawbi H, Chu E, Kummar S, Beumer JH. LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of the HDAC inhibitor belinostat and five major metabolites in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 81-82:89-98. [PMID: 23644904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat is being evaluated clinically as a single agent in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphomas and in combination with other anticancer agents to treat a wide range of human cancers including acute leukemias and solid tumors. To determine the pharmacokinetics of belinostat in the NCI ODWG liver dysfunction study, we developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of belinostat and five major metabolites in 0.05 mL human plasma. After protein precipitation, chromatographic separation was achieved with a Waters Acquity BEH C18 column and a linear gradient of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and water. Detection with an ABI 4000Q mass spectrometer utilized both electrospray positive and negative mode ionization. The assay was linear from 30 to 5000 ng/mL for all six analytes and proved to be accurate (92.0-104.4%) and precise (CV <13.7%), and fulfilled FDA criteria for bioanalytical method validation. We demonstrated the suitability of this assay for measuring parent drug and five major metabolites in plasma from a patient who was administered belinostat IV at a dose of 400 mg/m(2). The LC-MS/MS assay that has been developed will be an essential tool to further define the metabolism and pharmacology of belinostat in the ongoing liver organ dysfunction as well as other studies that investigate belinostat with other anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian F Kiesel
- Molecular Therapeutics Drug Discovery Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-1863, USA
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Rapid Quantification of Gabapentin, Pregabalin, and Vigabatrin in Human Serum by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography With Mass-Spectrometric Detection. Ther Drug Monit 2013. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31827788c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Gao W, Chen Y, Chen G, Xi J, Chen Y, Yang J, Xu N. Trace analysis of three antihistamines in human urine by on-line single drop liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 904:121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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A sensitive, acetonitrile-free, HPLC method for determination of alibendol in dog plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-012-0033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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45
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Development and validation of LC–MS/MS assays for the quantification of bendamustine and its metabolites in human plasma and urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 893-894:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Dubbelman AC, Rosing H, Thijssen B, Gebretensae A, Lucas L, Chen H, Shumaker R, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Development and validation of LC-MS/MS assays for the quantification of E7080 and metabolites in various human biological matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 887-888:25-34. [PMID: 22309776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To support clinical pharmacokinetic studies with the anticancer agent E7080 (lenvatinib), liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods were developed for the quantification of E7080 and four of its metabolites in human plasma, urine and faeces and of E7080 in whole blood. Cross-analyte interferences between metabolites and parent compound were expected and therefore accounted for early in the method development. Plasma, urine and faeces samples were extracted with acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a 50 mm × 2.1 mm I.D. XTerra MS C18 column, with a 0.2 mL/min flow and gradient elution starting with 100% formic acid in water, followed by an increasing percentage of acetonitrile. Whole blood samples were extracted with diethyl ether and extracts were injected on a 150 mm × 2.1mm I.D. Symmetry Shield RP8 column. Detection was performed using an API3000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, with a turbo ion spray interface, operating in positive ion mode. Using 250 μL of plasma, E7080 and its metabolites could be quantified between 0.25 and 50.0ng/mL. The quantifiable ranges of E7080 in whole blood, urine and faeces were 0.25-500 ng/mL, 1.00-500 ng/mL and 0.1-25μg/g, using sample volumes of 250 μL, 200 μL and 250 mg, respectively. Calibration curves in all matrices were linear with a correlation coefficient (r(2)) of 0.994 or better. At the lower limit of quantification, accuracies were within ±20% of the nominal concentration with CV values less than 20%. At the other concentrations the accuracies were within ±15% of the nominal concentration with CV values below 15%. The developed methods have successfully been applied in a mass balance study of E7080.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Dubbelman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Rais R, Zhao M, He P, Xu L, Deeken JF, Rudek MA. Quantitation of unbound sunitinib and its metabolite N-desethyl sunitinib (SU12662) in human plasma by equilibrium dialysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:1315-24. [PMID: 22259028 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of unbound sunitinib and its active metabolite N-desethyl sunitinib in plasma. Plasma and post-dialysis buffer samples were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction procedure with acetonitrile-n-butylchloride (1:4, v/v). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters X-Terra® MS RP(18) column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (60:40, v/v) containing formic acid (0.1%, v/v) using an isocratic run, at a flow-rate of 0.2 mL/min. Analytes were detected by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in the selective reaction monitoring mode. Linear calibration curves were generated over the ranges 0.1-100 and 0.02-5 ng/mL for sunitinib and 0.2-200 and 0.04-10 ng/mL for N-desethyl sunitinib in plasma and in phosphate-buffered solution, respectively. The values for both within-day and between-day precision and accuracy were well within the generally accepted criteria for analytical methods. The analytical range was sufficient to determine the unbound and total concentrations of both analytes. The method was applied for measurement unbound concentrations in addition to total concentrations of sunitinib and its metabolite in plasma of a cancer patient receiving 50 mg daily dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Rais
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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48
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Huang M, Gao JY, Zhai ZG, Liang QL, Wang YM, Bai YQ, Luo GA. An HPLC-ESI-MS method for simultaneous determination of fourteen metabolites of promethazine and caffeine and its application to pharmacokinetic study of the combination therapy against motion sickness. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 62:119-28. [PMID: 22264564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The combination therapy, promethazine and caffeine had been proven effective in treating motion sickness and counteracting some possible side effects of using promethazine alone while the mechanism and interaction remained unclear. Therefore, an HPLC-ESI-MS method for simultaneous determination of both drugs, and their metabolites was developed for purpose of pharmacokinetic study. To determine as many metabolites as possible, the influence of parameters such as column, flow rate and pH value of mobile phase, ionization polarity and fragmentation voltage were optimized. Fourteen target analytes were well separated and all of them could be identified and determined in plasma after administration of promethazine and caffeine. The LODs and LOQs were 0.9-6.0 and 2.50-16.0 ng/ml, respectively; the recoveries of three levels of quality control samples were from 86.7% to 102%; the intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 3% and 9%, separately; and the RSDs of compound stability were all lower than 10% within 24h after sample preparation. As a pharmacokinetic study of the combination therapy in 30 healthy volunteers, concentration-time curves of the drugs and metabolites were studied. The present method for simultaneous measurement of more than ten metabolites is valuable for the study of mechanism and interaction of the combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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49
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Conway JM, Birnbaum AK, Marino SE, Cloyd JC, Remmel RP. A sensitive capillary GC-MS method for analysis of topiramate from plasma obtained from single-dose studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:1071-6. [PMID: 22223467 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Topiramate (Topamax®) is an antiepileptic medication used as adjunctive and monotherapy in patients with epilepsy and for migraine prophylaxis. A GC-MS assay was developed that was capable of detecting topiramate plasma concentrations following a single rectal or oral dose administration. Topiramate plasma samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction and were quantified by GC-MS analysis. The topiramate standard curves were split from 0.1 to 4 µg/mL and from 4 to 40 µg/mL in order to give a more accurate determination of the topiramate concentration. The accuracy of the standards ranged from 94.6 to 107.3% and the precision (%CV) ranged from 1.0 to 5.3% for both curves at all concentrations. The %CV for quality controls was <7.6%. The assay is both accurate and precise and will be used to complete future pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine M Conway
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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50
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Villarroel MC, Pratz KW, Xu L, Wright JJ, Smith BD, Rudek MA. Plasma protein binding of sorafenib, a multi kinase inhibitor: in vitro and in cancer patients. Invest New Drugs 2011; 30:2096-102. [PMID: 22089297 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib is an orally administered multikinase inhibitor that exhibits antiangiogenic and antitumor activity. Few investigators have been able to correlate cumulative sorafenib dose or total exposure to pharmacodynamic effects. This discrepancy may be in part due to poorly understood protein binding characteristics. Since unbound drug concentrations are believed to be more relevant to pharmacological and toxicological responses than total drug, an equilibrium dialysis method using 96-well microdialysis plates was optimized and validated for determining the fraction unbound (F(u)) sorafenib in human plasma and in isolated protein solutions. Unbound sorafenib concentrations were determined in cancer patients receiving the drug orally at a dose of 400 mg and 600 mg twice daily. Sorafenib was extensively bound with mean F(u) value of 0.3% in both non-cancer and cancer patient's plasma. The binding in plasma was concentration independent, indicating a low-affinity, possibly nonspecific and nonsaturable process. In isolated protein solutions, 99.8% and 79.3% of sorafenib was bound to human serum albumin (HSA) (4 g/dL) and α(1)-acid glycoprotein (AAG) (0.1 g/dL) with binding constants of 1.24 × 10(6) M(-1) and 1.40 × 10(5) M(-1), respectively. In cancer patients receiving sorafenib, unbound sorafenib was not correlated with patient characteristics or laboratory values. In conclusion, sorafenib is highly protein bound in human plasma with a higher affinity towards albumin and limited free drug may be partly responsible for its borderline clinical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Villarroel
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Bldg, Room 1M52, Baltimore, MD 21231-1000, USA
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