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Carillo P, Feil R, Gibon Y, Satoh-Nagasawa N, Jackson D, Bläsing OE, Stitt M, Lunn JE. A fluorometric assay for trehalose in the picomole range. PLANT METHODS 2013; 9:21. [PMID: 23786766 PMCID: PMC3698175 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-9-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide that is used as an osmolyte, transport sugar, carbon reserve and stress protectant in a wide range of organisms. In plants, trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is thought to be a signal of sucrose status. Trehalose itself may play a role in pathogenic and symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, in responses to abiotic stress and in developmental signalling, but its precise functions are unknown. A major obstacle to investigating its function is the technical difficulty of measuring the very low levels of trehalose usually found in plant tissues, as most of the established trehalose assays lack sufficient specificity and/or sensitivity. RESULTS A kinetic assay for trehalose was established using recombinant Escherichia coli cytoplasmic trehalase (treF), which was shown to be highly specific for trehalose. Hydrolysis of trehalose to glucose is monitored fluorometrically and the trehalose content of the tissue extract is determined from an internal calibration curve. The assay is linear for 0.2-40 pmol trehalose, and recoveries of trehalose were ≥88%. A. thaliana Col-0 rosettes contain about 20-30 nmol g-1FW of trehalose, increasing to about 50-60 nmol g-1FW in plants grown at 8°C. Trehalose is not correlated with sucrose content, whereas a strong correlation between Tre6P and sucrose was confirmed. The trehalose contents of ear inflorescence primordia from the maize ramosa3 mutant and wild type plants were 6.6±2.6 nmol g-1FW and 19.0±12.7 nmol g-1FW, respectively. The trehalose:Tre6P ratios in the ramosa3 and wild-type primordia were 2.43±0.85 and 6.16±3.45, respectively. CONCLUSION The fluorometric assay is highly specific for trehalose and sensitive enough to measure the trehalose content of very small amounts of plant tissue. Chilling induced a 2-fold accumulation of trehalose in A. thaliana rosettes, but the levels were too low to make a substantial quantitative contribution to osmoregulation. Trehalose is unlikely to function as a signal of sucrose status. The abnormal inflorescence branching phenotype of the maize ramosa3 mutant might be linked to a decrease in trehalose levels in the inflorescence primordia or a downward shift in the trehalose:Tre6P ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petronia Carillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Yves Gibon
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- INRA Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, UMR1332 Fruit Biology and Pathology, F-33883, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Namiko Satoh-Nagasawa
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Department of Biological Production, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Kaidobata-nishi 241-438, Shimo-Shinjyo Nakano, Akita City 010-0195, Japan
| | - David Jackson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Oliver E Bläsing
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Metanomics GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, Berlin, 10589, Germany
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
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Chafchaouni-Moussaoui I, Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Triterpenoids from Argania spinosa: 20 Years of Research. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades, the argan tree has been the subject of intensive phytochemical investigation. If argan oil is the most known argan derivative, argan saponins are frequently considered as molecules presenting a strong economic potential. This review presents an update of the current research efforts on argan saponins from around the world. Research evidence suggests that arganine C can be considered as a lead compound for new antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic Synthesis, Faculté des Sciences, Université MohammedV-Agdal, BP1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Dom Guillaume
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, URCA-CNRS UMR6229, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
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Berthod A, Ruiz-Angel MJ, Carda-Broch S. Countercurrent chromatography: people and applications. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:4206-17. [PMID: 18986655 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The scientific literature was scanned for the published research articles dealing with countercurrent chromatography (CCC) over the time period 1980-May 2008. The search returned 1638 articles that were analyzed focussing on people and applications. Concerning the people, it was found that the geographical location of the CCC authors was relatively well balanced between USA, Asia with mainly China and Japan and Europe. Yoichiro Ito, the inventor of the technique, is by far the most productive author in the field with 331 articles or more than one over five CCC articles published in the time period. Without surprise, English is the dominant language with more than 82% of the articles. A significant 8% amount of CCC articles were published in Chinese in Chinese journals. Chromatography journals are the logical tribune for half of the published CCC articles. Concerning the applications, the separation and purification of natural compounds is the dominant theme in CCC making the subject of more than one article over two. Starting from the plant extract, CCC in few steps can produce significant amounts of more than 95% pure compounds used for identification and/or property studies. Other applications are found in the pharmaceutical and chemical field. The separation of enantiomers on the preparative scale is a field of growing importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berthod
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR, Villeurbanne, France.
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Kipre BG, Coffi AA, Adima AA, Gokou T, Ito Y, Gosse BK. Total Chemical Analysis of the Seed of Tieghemella heckelii by Diverse Chromatography Techniques. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701739041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertin G. Kipre
- a Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles bio ‐ actives, Département de Chimie , Institut National Polytechnique , Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast
| | - Antoine A. Coffi
- b Laboratoire de Chimie Organique structurale, Département de Chimie , Université d'Abidjan – Cocody , Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Augustin A. Adima
- a Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles bio ‐ actives, Département de Chimie , Institut National Polytechnique , Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast
| | - Tea Gokou
- b Laboratoire de Chimie Organique structurale, Département de Chimie , Université d'Abidjan – Cocody , Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Yoichiro Ito
- c Center for Biochemistry and Biophysics , National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin K. Gosse
- a Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles bio ‐ actives, Département de Chimie , Institut National Polytechnique , Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast
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Friesen JB, Pauli GF. Rational development of solvent system families in counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1151:51-9. [PMID: 17320092 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Application of a mixture of 21 commercially available natural products, termed the GUESSmix, established a standard test that allows for a systematic analysis and comparison of the properties of biphasic solvent systems in counter-current/partition chromatography. Because the GUESSmix is comprised of compounds with varying polarities, functional groups, and structural features, it proves to be a rational method for mapping the optimal resolution polarity range of a particular solvent system. The mapping of optimal resolution polarity ranges of solvent systems provided for the description of the overall optimal resolution polarity range of a solvent system family, comprised of the same solvents in different proportions. By comparing the GUESSmix performance in the individual members of a solvent system family, the solvent system that best functions as the representative of, or portal to, the solvent system families was determined. The GUESSmix also afforded a method to compare the overall optimal resolution polarity ranges of solvent system families. Based on performance of GUESSmix chromatograms, the counter-current chromatography (CCC) properties of a two ternary literature solvent systems, ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (EBuWat) and t-butylmethylether/acetonitrile/water (terAcWat), were explored in order to contrast and compare their CCC potential. A quaternary solvent system, hexane/t-butylmethylether/acetonitrile/water (HterAcWat), was also formulated and studied. The results indicated that the GUESSmix is fit for the purpose of developing and evaluating CCC solvent system families with desired performance characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brent Friesen
- Department of Natural Science, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, IL 60305, USA
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