1
|
Lizarme-Salas Y, Ariawan AD, Ratnayake R, Luesch H, Finch A, Hunter L. Vicinal difluorination as a C=C surrogate: an analog of piperine with enhanced solubility, photostability, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2663-2670. [PMID: 33178356 PMCID: PMC7607426 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine, a natural product derived from peppercorns, has a variety of biological activities that make it an attractive lead compound for medicinal chemistry. However, piperine has some problematic physicochemical properties including poor aqueous solubility and a susceptibility to UV-induced degradation. In this work, we designed an analog of piperine in which the central conjugated hydrocarbon chain is replaced with a vicinal difluoroalkane moiety. We show that this fluorinated analog of piperine has superior physicochemical properties, and it also has higher potency and selectivity towards one particular drug target, acetylcholinesterase. This work highlights the potential usefulness of the threo-difluoroalkane motif as a surrogate for E-alkenes in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuvixza Lizarme-Salas
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610, United States
| | - Angela Finch
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luke Hunter
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Obst K, Lieder B, Reichelt KV, Backes M, Paetz S, Geißler K, Krammer G, Somoza V, Ley JP, Engel KH. Sensory active piperine analogues from Macropiper excelsum and their effects on intestinal nutrient uptake in Caco-2 cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 135:181-190. [PMID: 28065397 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical profile of Macropiper excelsum (G.Forst.) Miq. subsp. excelsum (Piperaceae), a shrub which is widespread in New Zealand, was investigated by LC-MS-guided isolation and characterization via HR-ESI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. The isolated compounds were sensorily evaluated to identify their contribution to the overall taste of the crude extract with sweet, bitter, herbal and trigeminal impressions. Besides the known non-volatile Macropiper compounds, the lignans (+)-diayangambin and (+)-excelsin, four further excelsin isomers, (+)-diasesartemin, (+)-sesartemin, (+)-episesartemin A and B were newly characterized. Moreover, piperine and a number of piperine analogues as well as trans-pellitorine and two homologues, kalecide and (2E,4E)-tetradecadienoic acid N-isobutyl amide were identified in M. excelsum, some of them for the first time. Methyl(2E,4E)-7-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)hepta-2,4-dienoate was identified and characterized for the first time in nature. Sensory analysis of the pure amides indicated that they contributed to the known chemesthetic effects of Macropiper leaves and fruits. Since the pungent piperine has been shown to affect glucose and fatty acid metabolism in vivo in previous studies, piperine itself and four of the isolated compounds, piperdardine, chingchengenamide A, dihydropiperlonguminine, and methyl(2E,4E)-7-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)hepta-2,4-dienoate, were investigated regarding their effects on glucose and fatty acid uptake by enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells, in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 μM. Piperdardine showed the most pronounced effect, with glucose uptake increased by 83 ± 18% at 100 μM compared to non-treated control cells. An amide group seems to be advantageous for glucose uptake stimulation, but not necessarily for fatty acid uptake-stimulating effects of piperine-related compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Obst
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany.
| | - Barbara Lieder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Compounds, Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14 (UZA II), Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Katharina V Reichelt
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Michael Backes
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Susanne Paetz
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Katrin Geißler
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krammer
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Compounds, Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14 (UZA II), Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Jakob P Ley
- Symrise AG, Flavors Division Research & Technology, P.O. Box 1253, D-37601, Holzminden, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of General Food Technology, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, D-85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Cardiovascular responses to intravenous administration of a piperamide analogue, LASSBio 365, were investigated in anesthetized rats. LASSBio 365 [62.5-1000 microg/kg, intravenously (IV)] has potent cardiovascular effects that include hypotension and bradycardia, accompanied by a brief pressor effect and apnea. Bilateral vagotomy or atropine injection (2 mg/kg, IV) completely abolished the bradycardia. A drop in blood pressure was abolished in bivagotomized rats. However, it was only inhibited in atropine-treated rats. The apnea was inhibited by both treatments. The Bezold-Jarisch reflex (ie, hypotension, bradycardia, and apnea) induced by LASSBio 365 is altered neither by 5-HT3 antagonist (tropisetron, 0.1 mg/kg, intraarterially) nor by the P2x antagonist (PPADS, 8.6 mg/kg, IV). The pressor component was affected neither by any of these interventions nor by the 5-HT2 antagonist (ritanserin, 0.5 mg/kg, i.a.). In capsaicin-pretreated rats (50 mg/kg, subcutaneously), all responses evoked by LASSBio 365 were abolished, including the pressor effect, which was inhibited. The data show that LASSBio 365 evokes the Bezold-Jarish reflex, neither via serotonergic receptors nor purinergic receptors but perhaps via the vanilloid pathway.
Collapse
|
4
|
Urdaneta NA, Salazar J, Herrera JC, López SE. A Facile Synthesis of (E,Z)‐3‐Chloro‐2‐propenamides, Acids, and Esters from 2,3‐Acetylenic Acids with Oxalyl Chloride in DMF. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120027713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
5
|
de Mattos Duarte C, Verli H, de Araújo-Júnior JX, de Medeiros IA, Barreiro EJ, Fraga CAM. New optimized piperamide analogues with potent in vivo hypotensive properties. Eur J Pharm Sci 2004; 23:363-9. [PMID: 15567289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2004.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2004] [Revised: 07/22/2004] [Accepted: 08/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the structural optimization of new piperamide analogues, designed from two natural prototypes, piperine 1 and piperdardine 2, obtained from Piper tuberculatum Jacq. (Piperaceae). Molecular modeling studies using semiempirical AM1 method were made in order to establish rational modifications to optimize them by molecular simplification. The targeted compounds (10) and (11) were respectively obtained using benzaldehyde (12) and para-anisaldehyde (13) as starting materials. 1H NMR spectra showed that the target compounds were diastereoselectively obtained as the (E)-isomer, the same geometry of the natural prototypes. These new synthetic amides presented significant hypotensive effects in cardiovascular essays using in vivo methodologies. Compound 11 (N-[5-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-2(E)-pentenoyl]thiomorpholine) showed a potency 10,000 times greater than its prototype 5, evidencing an optimization of the molecular architecture for this class of hypotensive drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Mattos Duarte
- LASSBio-Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68006, 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|