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Chicas-Baños DF, López-Rivas M, González-Bravo FJ, Sartillo-Piscil F, Frontana-Uribe BA. Access to carbonyl compounds via the electroreduction of N-benzyloxyphthalimides: Mechanism confirmation and preparative applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23808. [PMID: 38226225 PMCID: PMC10788431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
A method to access carbonyl compounds using reductive conditions was evaluated via electrochemical reduction of their corresponding N-benzyloxyphthalimide derivatives (NBOPIs). The mechanism of this originally reported electrochemical reaction was proposed based on DFT calculation and is experimentally confirmed herein, contrasting simulated and experimental cyclic voltammetry data. The reaction scope studied in a preparative scale and using redox sensitive functional groups showed good selectivity and tolerance toward oxidation under the reaction conditions with a moderate to good yield (50-71%). Nevertheless, some restrictions with reducible functional groups, like benzyl-brominated and nitro-aromatic derivatives, were observed. The present approach can be considered a self-sustainable electrochemical catalysis for the synthesis of aromatic carbonylic compounds passing through anion radical intermediates produced by a cathodic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Francisco Chicas-Baños
- Universidad de El Salvador (UES), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Escuela de Química, Final 25 Av. Nte, 1101, San Salvador, El Salvador
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Mariely López-Rivas
- Centro Conjunto Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca, Toluca, 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Felipe J. González-Bravo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Antonio Frontana-Uribe
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
- Centro Conjunto Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca, Toluca, 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
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2
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Takamatsu K, Suzuki R, Matsunaga A, Katagiri H, Konno H. Structure-Activity Relationship Study of N-Hydroxyphtalimide Derivatives for the Detection of Amines during Fmoc-Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1319-1326. [PMID: 36655852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we developed a method for the detection of unprotected amino groups based on their reversible reaction with N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) to form intensely colored products, which can be useful when conducting solid-phase peptide synthesis. Here, we describe a structure-activity relationship study of NHPI derivatives to identify the derivative best suited for this method using a spectrophotometer toward the estimation of chemical yields. We found that the products resulting from the reaction of the derivative with an unprotected amino group were only intensely colored if the structure of the derivative incorporated an NHPI framework. We also prepared five peptides, including those containing N-methyl and D-amino acid, and Pro residues, using our reversible detection method to detect unprotected amino groups. The mechanism of the detection reaction was also studied by the structural analysis of the NHPI (1) and diisopropylamine complex and concluded to entail salt formation between the N-hydroxy group and amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Takamatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Rio Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Amane Matsunaga
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan.,Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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3
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Shiri A, Khorramabadi-zad A, Bahiraei H, Saeedian F. Retrievable magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles: an efficient catalyst for air oxidative cyclization of bisnaphthols. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Silva MDSBD, Araujo JGLD, Bento JCCV, Azevedo AMD, Souto CRO, Anjos ASDD, Araújo AMMD, Silva DRD, Menezes FG, Gondim AD, Cavalcanti LN. Nickel-catalyzed reductive decarboxylation of fatty acids for drop-in biofuel production. RSC Adv 2022; 12:27889-27894. [PMID: 36320252 PMCID: PMC9521194 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04057c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An operationally simple and highly selective method for the decarboxylation of fatty acids under remarkably mild conditions is described herein. The activation of the aliphatic carboxylic acids by esterification with N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) enabled efficient deoxygenation to synthesize n-alkanes in up to 67% yield, employing inexpensive PMHS as a hydrogen source, NiCl2·6H2O, bipyridine, and zinc in THF. In contrast to the conventional thermo-catalytic approaches, this protocol does not require high temperature and high pressure of hydrogen gas to deoxygenate biomass-derived carboxylic acids, thus representing an attractive alternative for producing drop-in biofuels. An operationally simple and highly selective method for the Ni-catalyzed decarboxylation of redox active esters (RAEs) derived from fatty acids under remarkably mild conditions is described herein.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria do S. B. da Silva
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Jhudson G. L. de Araujo
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Júlia C. C. V. Bento
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amanda M. de Azevedo
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. O. Souto
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aécia S. D. dos Anjos
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aruzza M. M. de Araújo
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Djalma R. da Silva
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Fabrício G. Menezes
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amanda D. Gondim
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Lívia N. Cavalcanti
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Institute of Chemistry, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
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5
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Parida SK, Mandal T, Das S, Hota SK, De Sarkar S, Murarka S. Single Electron Transfer-Induced Redox Processes Involving N-(Acyloxy)phthalimides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushanta Kumar Parida
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar-342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Hota
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar-342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Murarka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar-342037, Rajasthan, India
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6
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Synthesis of CF2H-containing isoquinoline-1,3-diones through metal-free, visible-light and air-promoted radical difluoromethylation/cyclization of N-benzamides. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Kushch O, Hordieieva I, Novikova K, Litvinov Y, Kompanets M, Shendrik A, Opeida I. Kinetics of N-oxyl Radicals’ Decay. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7112-7124. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kushch
- L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physico-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia 21021 Ukraine
| | - Iryna Hordieieva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia 21021 Ukraine
| | - Katerina Novikova
- L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physico-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Yurii Litvinov
- L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physico-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Mykhailo Kompanets
- L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physico-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
- National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | - Alexander Shendrik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia 21021 Ukraine
| | - Iosip Opeida
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia 21021 Ukraine
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels InPOCC, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv 79053, Ukraine
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8
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Nakamura T, Shioya N, Hasegawa T, Murata Y, Murdey R, Wakamiya A. Phthalimide‐Based Transparent Electron‐Transport Materials with Oriented‐Amorphous Structures: Preparation from Solution‐Processed Precursor Films. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1396-1404. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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9
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Smith JM, Qin T, Merchant RR, Edwards JT, Malins LR, Liu Z, Che G, Shen Z, Shaw SA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Decarboxylative Alkynylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11906-11910. [PMID: 28636185 PMCID: PMC5792189 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of a new decarboxylative cross-coupling method that affords terminal and substituted alkynes from various carboxylic acids is described using both nickel- and iron-based catalysts. The use of N-hydroxytetrachlorophthalimide (TCNHPI) esters is crucial to the success of the transformation, and the reaction is amenable to in situ carboxylic acid activation. Additionally, an inexpensive, commercially available alkyne source is employed in this formal homologation process that serves as a surrogate for other well-established alkyne syntheses. The reaction is operationally simple and broad in scope while providing succinct and scalable avenues to previously reported synthetic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Smith
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lara R Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Guanda Che
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Zichao Shen
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Scott A Shaw
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 350 Carter Road, Hopewell, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Martin D Eastgate
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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10
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Smith JM, Qin T, Merchant RR, Edwards JT, Malins LR, Liu Z, Che G, Shen Z, Shaw SA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Decarboxylative Alkynylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Smith
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Tian Qin
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Rohan R. Merchant
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jacob T. Edwards
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Lara R. Malins
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Guanda Che
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Zichao Shen
- Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd.; TEDA; Tianjin 300457 P.R. China
| | - Scott A. Shaw
- Discovery Chemistry; Bristol-Myers Squibb; 350 Carter Road Hopewell NJ 08540 USA
| | - Martin D. Eastgate
- Chemical Development; Bristol-Myers Squibb; One Squibb Drive New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA
| | - Phil S. Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI); North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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11
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Krylov IB, Kompanets MO, Novikova KV, Opeida IO, Kushch OV, Shelimov BN, Nikishin GI, Levitsky DO, Terent’ev AO. Well-Known Mediators of Selective Oxidation with Unknown Electronic Structure: Metal-Free Generation and EPR Study of Imide-N-oxyl Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2015; 120:68-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor B. Krylov
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mykhailo O. Kompanets
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels In POCC, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Naukova st. 3a, Lviv 79053, Ukraine
| | - Katerina V. Novikova
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels In POCC, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Naukova st. 3a, Lviv 79053, Ukraine
| | - Iosip O. Opeida
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels In POCC, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Naukova st. 3a, Lviv 79053, Ukraine
| | - Olga V. Kushch
- Department
of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels In POCC, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Naukova st. 3a, Lviv 79053, Ukraine
| | - Boris N. Shelimov
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady I. Nikishin
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri O. Levitsky
- UFIP
CNRS UMR 6286, Mechanism and regulation of DNA repair team, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322, Nantes, France
| | - Alexander O. Terent’ev
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, Russian Federation
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12
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Matviiuk T, Rodriguez F, Saffon N, Mallet-Ladeira S, Gorichko M, de Jesus Lopes Ribeiro AL, Pasca MR, Lherbet C, Voitenko Z, Baltas M. Design, chemical synthesis of 3-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives and biological activity against enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Brenet S, Baptiste B, Philouze C, Berthiol F, Einhorn J. BINOL-Fused Maleimides - A New Class ofC2-Symmetric Chiral Imides. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Coseri S. Phthalimide‐N‐oxyl (PINO) Radical, a Powerful Catalytic Agent: Its Generation and Versatility Towards Various Organic Substrates. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940902743841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Guntupalli M, Wilkins CW, Cassidy PE. Preparation of Substituted N-Methacryloxy Phthalimides for E-Beam Lithography. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00914030701729537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Okuyama H, Naito H, Shirai M. I-Line Sensitive Non-ionic Photoacid Generators Having Thianthrene Skeleton. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2008. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.21.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Sivappa R, Koswatta P, Lovely CJ. Oxidative reactions of tetrahydrobenzimidazole derivatives with N-sulfonyloxaziridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2007; 48:5771-5775. [PMID: 20016755 PMCID: PMC2794047 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the utility of N-sulfonyloxaziridines to effect the oxidative rearrangement of tetrahydrobenzimidazoles to spiro fused 5-imidazolones is reported. In addition to the anticipated rearrangement manifold, it was found that 2-amino substituted derivatives afford products resulting from rearrangement, or alternatively from addition of methanol or water depending on the nature of the N-substituents and reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasapalli Sivappa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Panduka Koswatta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Carl J. Lovely
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
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18
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Nechab M, Kumar D, Philouze C, Einhorn C, Einhorn J. VariableC2-Symmetric Analogues ofN-Hydroxyphthalimide as Enantioselective Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation: Kinetic Resolution of Oxazolidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Nechab M, Kumar DN, Philouze C, Einhorn C, Einhorn J. VariableC2-Symmetric Analogues ofN-Hydroxyphthalimide as Enantioselective Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation: Kinetic Resolution of Oxazolidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3080-3. [PMID: 17372996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malek Nechab
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (SERCO), UMR-5250, ICMG FR-2607, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, BP-53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Lovely CJ, Du H, Sivappa R, Bhandari MR, He Y, Dias HVR. Preparation and Diels−Alder Chemistry of 4-Vinylimidazoles. J Org Chem 2007; 72:3741-9. [PMID: 17425369 DOI: 10.1021/jo0626008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various 4-vinylimidazole derivatives have been prepared from the corresponding 4-iodoimidazoles or from urocanic acid. Several methods for the elaboration of these vinylimidazoles and their Diels-Alder reactions are reported. All of the vinylimidazoles prepared in the course of this study react with N-phenylmaleimide quite readily with mild thermal activation providing a single cycloadduct, in most cases the initial, nonaromatic adduct. With more electron rich substrates, there is a tendency for these initial cycloadducts to undergo aromatization, ene reaction, and oxidation although this can be circumvented to a large extent by the choice of reaction conditions. Limited reactions were observed with other dienophiles, providing the expected cycloadducts in most cases, although an abnormal adduct was obtained in one case with dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate. These substrates also participate in regioselective Diels-Alder reactions with monoactivated dienophiles, but require fairly forcing conditions, thus only providing the aromatized cycloadducts in modest yields. An investigation of substituent effects at the 2-position of the imidazole moiety was undertaken, in which electron-donating and weakly electron-withdrawing substituents are tolerated. In addition, several substrates with terminally substituted vinyl moieties have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Lovely
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, P.O. Box 19065, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
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Hennessy EJ, Buchwald SL. Synthesis of 4,5-Dianilinophthalimide and Related Analogues for Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease via Palladium-Catalyzed Amination. J Org Chem 2005; 70:7371-5. [PMID: 16122261 DOI: 10.1021/jo051096o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
DAPH (4,5-dianilinophthalimide) has previously been shown to reverse the formation of neurotoxic fibrils associated with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a synthetic route to DAPH and structurally related analogues that employs palladium-catalyzed amination as the key bond-forming step. The requisite substrates are easily obtained, and their coupling with substituted anilines proceeds in generally high yields. Thus, a variety of DAPH analogues can be quickly accessed in a modular fashion. In addition, the route described herein should also be amenable to the incorporation of other classes of nucleophiles into the molecular framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Hennessy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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