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Kurahashi T, Lee J, Nabeshima A, Homma T, Kang ES, Saito Y, Yamada S, Nakayama T, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid prevents acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by ameliorating glutathione recovery and autophagy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 604:36-46. [PMID: 27288086 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (AKR1A) plays a role in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid (AsA), and AKR1A-deficient mice produce about 10-15% of the AsA that is produced by wild-type mice. We found that acetaminophen (AAP) hepatotoxicity was aggravated in AKR1A-deficient mice. The pre-administration of AsA in the drinking water markedly ameliorated the AAP hepatotoxicity in the AKR1A-deficient mice. Treatment of the mice with AAP decreased both glutathione and AsA levels in the liver in the early phase after AAP administration, and an AsA deficiency delayed the recovery of the glutathione content in the healing phase. While in cysteine supply systems; a neutral amino acid transporter ASCT1, a cystine transporter xCT, enzymes for the transsulfuration pathway, and autophagy markers, were all elevated in the liver as the result of the AAP treatment, the AsA deficiency suppressed their induction. Thus, AsA appeared to exert a protective effect against AAP hepatotoxicity by ameliorating the supply of cysteine that is available for glutathione synthesis as a whole. Because some drugs produce reactive oxygen species, resulting in the consumption of glutathione during the metabolic process, the intake of sufficient amounts of AsA would be beneficial for protecting against the hepatic damage caused by such drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kurahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Atsunori Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Eun Sil Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yuka Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmacological Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
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Karakus E, Halici Z, Albayrak A, Polat B, Bayir Y, Kiki İ, Cadirci E, Topcu A, Aksak S. Agomelatine. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 32:846-57. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327112472994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Paracetamol was shown to induce hepatotoxicity or more severe fatal acute hepatic damage. Agomelatine, commonly known as melatonin receptor agonist, is a new antidepressant, which resynchronizes circadian rhythms with subjective and objective improvements in sleep quality and architecture, as melatonin does. In the present study, it was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of agomelatine on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and to understand the relationship between the hepatoprotective mechanism of agomelatine and antioxidant system and proinflammatory cytokines. A total of 42 rats were divided into 7 groups as each composed of 6 rats: (1) intact, (2) 40 mg/kg agomelatine, (3) 140 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine (NAC), (4) 2 g/kg paracetamol, (5) 2 g/kg paracetamol + 140 mg/kg NAC, (6) 2 g/kg paracetamol + 20 mg/kg agomelatine, and (7) 2 g/kg paracetamol + 40 mg/kg agomelatine groups. Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity was applied and liver and blood samples were analyzed histopathologically and biochemically. There were statistically significant increases in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and 8-iso-prostane, and decreases in the activity of superoxide dismutase and level of glutathione in the group treated with paracetamol. Administration of agomelatine and NAC separately reversed these changes significantly. In conclusion, agomelatine administration protects liver cells from paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity via antioxidant activity and reduced proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Karakus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ataturk University School of Veterinary Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Z Halici
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A Albayrak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - B Polat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Y Bayir
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İ Kiki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - E Cadirci
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A Topcu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - S Aksak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Yousef MI, Omar SAM, El-Guendi MI, Abdelmegid LA. Potential protective effects of quercetin and curcumin on paracetamol-induced histological changes, oxidative stress, impaired liver and kidney functions and haematotoxicity in rat. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:3246-61. [PMID: 20804811 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential protective role of quercetin and curcumin against paracetamol-induced oxidative injury, liver damage and impairment of kidney function, as well as haematotoxicity in rats. Also, N-acetylcysteine was used to evaluate the potency of quercetin and curcumin. Paracetamol caused an elevation in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) paralleled with significant decline in glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities (in plasma, brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney and testes) and glutathione content (in lung, liver and kidney). The apparent oxidative injury was associated with evident hepatic necrosis confirmed in histological examination, elevated plasma transmainases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Paracetamol reduced plasma total protein, albumin and globulin, while increased bilirubin, urea and creatinine, and induced haematotoxicity. The presence of quercetin or curcumin with paracetamol successfully mitigated the rise in TBARS and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes compared to the group treated with both paracetamol and N-acetylcysteine. They also protected liver histology, normalized liver and kidney functions, which was more pronounced with curcumin. Therefore, it can be concluded that concomitant administration of quercetin or curcumin with paracetamol may be useful in reversing the toxicity of the drug compared to N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar I Yousef
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Evaluation of the efficacy of 99mTc-labeled ascorbic acid on common cold–cough drugs in rats. Med Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-007-9083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Isik B, Bayrak R, Akcay A, Sogut S. Erdosteine Against Acetaminophen Induced Renal Toxicity. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 287:185-91. [PMID: 16532256 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) induced toxicities have been a major problem in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate a possible protective role of erdosteine, a mucolytic agent having antioxidant properties via its active metabolites, on APAP induced renal damage in rats. Female Wistar Albino rats were divided into groups including control, erdosteine (150 mg/kg, oral), APAP (1 g/kg, oral) APAP+erdosteine (150 mg/kg, oral) and APAP+erdosteine (300 mg/kg, oral). APAP treatment caused lipid peroxidation as well as high NO level in renal tissue. Also, APAP treated rats had decreased activities of CAT and GSH-Px, but not SOD. In addition, tubular epithelial degeneration, vacuolization and cell desquamation were clearly observed in the APAP treated rats. The cellular debris in the proximal tubules and cortical interstitial congestions were prominent in the kidneys of APAP treated rats. BUN and creatinine levels were increased after APAP administration. All these pathological changes were reversed after erdosteine treatments. Erdosteine treated APAP groups showed milder tubular degeneration, epithelial vacuolization in the proximal tubules, lesser cellular desquamation and better morphology when compared with APAP groups. In conclusion, erdosteine may be a choice of preventive treatment against APAP induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunyamin Isik
- Department of Family Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Fatih University, Ankara, Turkey
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Rocha JBT, Gabriel D, Zeni G, Posser T, Siqueira L, Nogueira CW, Folmer V. Ebselen and diphenyl diselenide change biochemical hepatic responses to overdosage with paracetamol. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2005; 19:255-261. [PMID: 21783484 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2003] [Accepted: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of paracetamol is largely related to its conversion to the reactive intermediate alkylating metabolite N-acetyl-para-benzo-quinoneimine (NAPQI). δ-Aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) is a sulfhydril containing enzyme which is extremely sensitive to oxidizing and alkylating agents. In the present study, we examined whether acute treatment with paracetamol changes δ-ALA-D activity. The influence of two organochalcogenides with glutathione peroxidase-like activity, diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)(2)] and ebselen was also assessed as potential protecting agents against paracetamol toxicity. Paracetamol (1200mg/kg for three days 4h after the injection of DMSO, diphenyl diselenide (100μmol/kg) or ebselen (100μmol/kg) caused an inhibition of about 40% (P < 0.01) in hepatic δ-ALA-D. Ebselen restored enzyme activity to control values. Non-protein-SH and ascorbic acid were diminished to 50% of control value by paracetamol, independent of chalcogenides treatment (all P values <0.05). In view of the fact that paracetamol caused a massive reduction in non-protein-SH and ascorbic acid, we realize that the protective effect of ebselen on δ-ALA-D activity is mediated by its thiol peroxidase-like activity or by a direct interaction with NAPQI and other reactive species formed during paracetamol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B T Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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