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Essa A, Essa ES, El-deeb SM, Seleem HEM, Al Sahlawi M, Al-Omair OA, Shehab-Eldeen S. Elevated Serum Vinculin in Patients with HBV/HCV-Associated Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Study. Biologics 2023; 17:23-32. [PMID: 36969330 PMCID: PMC10035354 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s405500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) controls many cellular processes, such as migration and differentiation. Cells detect stiffness through adhesion structures termed focal adhesions (FAs). Vinculin, an actin-binding FA protein, plays a pivotal role in FA-mediated mechanotransduction. Aim This study aimed to explore the role of vinculin in the development of HBV/HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Vinculin levels in a total number of 100 serum samples from patients with HBV/HCV-induced liver cirrhosis and HCC, as well as healthy controls, were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results In patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis, the serum vinculin levels were significantly greater than in controls (503.8±242.2 and 728.4±1044.8 vs 77.7±36.1 respectively, p<0.001). However, results showed no link between serum vinculin and the clinicopathological features of HCC. Conclusion Patients with HBVor HCV-induced liver cirrhosis and HCC have significantly higher serum levels of vinculin than do controls. This might point to a potential role for vinculin in the development of HCC. More research into how this protein affects the development of HCC at the molecular level could lead to better clinical treatments and the development of new molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Essa
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Said Essa
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Sara Mahmoud El-deeb
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | | | - Muthana Al Sahlawi
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Ahmed Al-Omair
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Somaia Shehab-Eldeen
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Somaia Shehab-Eldeen, Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassen Abd Al Ghafar Street, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia Governorate, 32511, Egypt, Tel +201117251523, Email
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2
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Metsiou DN, Deligianni D, Giannopoulou E, Kalofonos H, Koutras A, Athanassiou G. Adhesion strength and anti-tumor agents regulate vinculin of breast cancer cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:811508. [PMID: 36052248 PMCID: PMC9424896 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.811508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset and progression of cancer are strongly associated with the dissipation of adhesion forces between cancer cells, thus facilitating their incessant attachment and detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to move toward metastasis. During this process, cancer cells undergo mechanical stresses and respond to these stresses with membrane deformation while inducing protrusions to invade the surrounding tissues. Cellular response to mechanical forces is inherently related to the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, the dissipation of cell–cell junctions, and the adhesion to the surrounding ECM. Moreover, the role of focal adhesion proteins, and particularly the role of vinculin in cell attachment and detachment during migration, is critical, indicating the tight cell–ECM junctions, which favor or inhibit the metastatic cascade. The biomechanical analysis of these sequences of events may elucidate the tumor progression and the potential of cancer cells for migration and metastasis. In this work, we focused on the evaluation of the spreading rate and the estimation of the adhesion strength between breast cancer cells and ECM prior to and post-treatment with anti-tumor agents. Specifically, different tamoxifen concentrations were used for ER+ breast cancer cells, while even concentrations of trastuzumab and pertuzumab were used for HER2+ cells. Analysis of cell stiffness indicated an increased elastic Young’s modulus post-treatment in both MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. The results showed that the post-treatment spreading rate was significantly decreased in both types of breast cancer, suggesting a lower metastatic potential. Additionally, treated cells required greater adhesion forces to detach from the ECM, thus preventing detachment events of cancer cells from the ECM, and therefore, the probability of cell motility, migration, and metastasis was confined. Furthermore, post-detachment and post-treatment vinculin levels were increased, indicating tighter cell–ECM junctions, hence limiting the probability of cell detachment and, therefore, cell motility and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Nektaria Metsiou
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
- *Correspondence: Despoina Nektaria Metsiou, ;
| | - Despina Deligianni
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
| | - Efstathia Giannopoulou
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
| | - Haralabos Kalofonos
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
| | - Angelos Koutras
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
| | - George Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
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3
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Vakhrusheva A, Murashko A, Trifonova E, Efremov Y, Timashev P, Sokolova O. Role of Actin-binding Proteins in the Regulation of Cellular Mechanics. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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4
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Yao L, Brice R, Shippy T. A Protein Composite Neural Scaffold Modulates Astrocyte Migration and Transcriptome Profile. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100406. [PMID: 35014754 PMCID: PMC9012687 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioscaffold implantation is a promising approach to facilitate the repair and regeneration of wounded neural tissue after injury to the spinal cord or peripheral nerves. However, such bioscaffold grafts currently result in only limited functional recovery. The generation of a neural scaffold using a combination of collagen and glutenin is reported. The conduit material and mechanical properties, as well as its effect on astrocyte behavior is tested. After neural injuries, astrocytes move into the lesion and participate in the process of remodeling the micro-architecture of the wounded neural tissue. In this study, human astrocytes grown on glutenin-collagen scaffolds show higher motility and a lower proliferation rate compared with those grown on collagen scaffolds. RNA sequencing reveals that astrocytes grown on the two types of scaffolds show differentially expressed genes in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways such as actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion that regulate astrocyte migration on scaffolds. The gene expression of aggrecan and versican, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans that inhibit axonal growth, is down-regulated in astrocytes grown on glutenin-collagen scaffolds. These outcomes indicate that the implantation of glutenin-collagen scaffolds may promote astrocyte function in the neural regeneration process by enhanced cell migration and reduced glial scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
- KSU Bioinformatics Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Ryan Brice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
- KSU Bioinformatics Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Teresa Shippy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
- KSU Bioinformatics Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
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5
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You X, Sun W, Wang Y, Liu X, Wang A, Liu L, Han S, Sun Y, Zhang J, Guo L, Zhang Y. Cervical cancer-derived exosomal miR-663b promotes angiogenesis by inhibiting vinculin expression in vascular endothelial cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:684. [PMID: 34923985 PMCID: PMC8684657 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis provides essential nutrients and oxygen for tumor growth and has become the main mechanism of tumor invasion and metastasis. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles containing proteins, lipids, mRNA and microRNA (miRNA), which mediate intercellular communication and play an important role in tumor progression. Accumulated evidence indicates that tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs participate in the tumor microenvironment and promote angiogenesis. METHODS Bioinformatic target prediction and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to identify the binding site between miR-663b and the 3'-UTR of vinculin (VCL). VCL overexpression lentivirus and miR-663b overexpression/inhibition lentivirus were used to create a VCL overexpression model and miR-663b overexpression/inhibition model in-vitro. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays and western blot assays were used to detect protein expression. Exosome-cell cocultures, wound healing assays, tube formation assays and transwell assays were used to measure the migration and tube formation ability of vascular endothelial cells [human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)]. siRNA targeted VCL was used to knockdown VCL. RESULTS In the present study, we found that miR-663b was elevated in cervical cancer tissue and exosomes. miR-663b could bind the 3'-UTR of VCL and inhibit its expression. VCL is downregulated in cervical cancer, and decreased VCL has a negative correlation with a high level of miR-663b. Further studies demonstrated that exosomes secreted by cervical cancer cells can deliver miR-663b to HUVECs and inhibit the expression of VCL, thereby promoting angiogenesis and tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS miR-663b derived from cancer cell exosomes acts as a driving factor for angiogenesis and a potential target of antiangiogenic therapy in cervical cancer. Our findings illustrated a new signaling pathway, including exosomes, miRNAs and target genes, which provides potential targets for antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, 262500, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271600, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Koirala R, Priest AV, Yen CF, Cheah JS, Pannekoek WJ, Gloerich M, Yamada S, Sivasankar S. Inside-out regulation of E-cadherin conformation and adhesion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104090118. [PMID: 34301871 PMCID: PMC8325368 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin cell-cell adhesion proteins play key roles in tissue morphogenesis and wound healing. Cadherin ectodomains bind in two conformations, X-dimers and strand-swap dimers, with different adhesive properties. However, the mechanisms by which cells regulate ectodomain conformation are unknown. Cadherin intracellular regions associate with several actin-binding proteins including vinculin, which are believed to tune cell-cell adhesion by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we show at the single-molecule level, that vinculin association with the cadherin cytoplasmic region allosterically converts weak X-dimers into strong strand-swap dimers and that this process is mediated by myosin II-dependent changes in cytoskeletal tension. We also show that in epithelial cells, ∼70% of apical cadherins exist as strand-swap dimers while the remaining form X-dimers, providing two cadherin pools with different adhesive properties. Our results demonstrate the inside-out regulation of cadherin conformation and establish a mechanistic role for vinculin in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Koirala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Andrew Vae Priest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Chi-Fu Yen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Joleen S Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Willem-Jan Pannekoek
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Gloerich
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Soichiro Yamada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Sanjeevi Sivasankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
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7
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Wang F, Fang M, Kong M, Wang C, Xu Y. Vinculin presents unfavorable prediction in ovarian cancer and prevents proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22525. [PMID: 32369671 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The influences of Vinculin on many cancers were blurry, including ovarian cancer. Thus, we concentrated on the efficient role of Vinculin in ovarian cancer and explored the potential mechanism(s). Expression of Vinculin in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. The Kaplan-Meier manner with the logrank was performed to assess overall survival. We further evaluated the relations between Vinculin expression and clinicopathological features of ovarian cancer. Moreover, Vinculin was overexpressed or silenced by respectively transfection with pcDNA-Vinculin or small interfering (si-Vinculin) into human ovarian cancer cell line Caov3 or human ovarian epithelial cell line (HOEpiC). Thereafter, cell viability, cell apoptosis, and migration were checked by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, flow cytometer, and scratch assay, respectively. Likewise, the apoptosis- and migration-related proteins were distinguished by Western blot. Compared to the nontumor tissues or HOEpiC cells, Vinculin was significantly lower expressed in the ovarian cancer tissues and cells. Furthermore, we found out that Vinculin was primarily distributed at the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Moreover, Vinculin was negatively associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, grade, and distant metastasis. Overexpression of Vinculin dramatically weakened cell viability and migration and stimulated apoptosis. Conversely, suppression of Vinculin showed opposite results. Vinculin presents unfavorable prediction in ovarian cancer and inhibits ovarian cancer proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Meixia Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Min Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Changhe Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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8
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Liu W, Cai T, Li L, Chen H, Chen R, Zhang M, Zhang W, Zhao L, Xiong H, Qin P, Gao X, Jiang Q. MiR-200a Regulates Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting MYH10. J Cancer 2020; 11:3052-3060. [PMID: 32226520 PMCID: PMC7086266 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), is one of the most common malignant tumor in southern China and southeast Asia. MYH10 is a coding gene of the NMMHC-IIB protein. Previous studies have shown that MYH10 expression was up-regulated in breast cancer, glioma and meningioma. Moreover, it was targeted by miR200 family. However, no relevant studies have been found in NPC. In present study, we found in 48 NPC specimens, MYH10 level was lower in most cancer areas than that in the adjacent normal tissue. Moreover, the depletion of MYH10 can promote the migration and invasion of NPC. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-200a has the strongest regulation to MYH10 among miR-200 family. miR-200a mimics could decrease MYH10 expression, while miR-200a inhibitor increase MYH10 expression. Next, we found that miR-200a bound directly to MYH10 using Dual-luciferase reporter. Finally, it was demonstrated that siMYH10 could reverse the effect of miR-200a inhibitor on NPC cell migration and invasion. Taken together, it can be concluded that MYH10 is lowly expressed in NPC compared with adjacent tissues, and the loss of MYH10 can promote the migration and invasion of NPC cells; Among the miR-200 family, miR-200a has the strongest regulatory effect on MYH10; MYH10 is a direct target gene of miR200a, and miR200a targets MYH10 to regulate the migration and invasion of NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150.,Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China 230022
| | - Tonghui Cai
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Ruichao Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Minfen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Hanzhen Xiong
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Ping Qin
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
| | - Xingcheng Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 511436
| | - Qingping Jiang
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 510150
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Xu J, Lv H, Zhang B, Xu F, Zhu H, Chen B, Zhu C, Shen J. miR-30b-5p acts as a tumor suppressor microRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:3015-3029. [PMID: 31463131 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.07.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background To study miR-30b-5p expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by comparisons between tumor tissues and matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues to elucidate the correlation between miR-30b-5p expression and ESCC clinical parameters, and to explore the signaling pathways associated with miR-30b-5p and key target genes. Methods Clinical data, cancer tissues, and adjacent non-cancerous tissues of 32 patients diagnosed with ESCC were collected from Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province. The expression levels of miR-30b-5p were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). mRNA data for ESCC tissues and normal tissues, and clinical materials of patients with ESCC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Associations between miR-30b-5p expression and clinical features of patients with ESCC and overall survival were explored. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the pathways and key miR-30b-5p targets associated with ESCC. Additionally, a cytological experiment was performed to evaluate the biological functions of miR-30b-5p. Finally, correlations between miR-30b-5p and key targets involved in PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were validated by western blotting. Results The expression level of miR-30b-5p in the 32 ESCC tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01) and was significantly disparate in the T stage, with higher expression in T1 than in T2 (P<0.05). Among the patients with higher expression levels of miR-30b-5p in ESCC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues, patients with higher expression of miR-30b-5p had a better prognosis (P<0.05). An analysis of gene chip data from the GEO database showed similar results. A gene enrichment analysis indicated a series of pathways that may be associated with the downregulation of miR-30b-5p, including focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Seven key target genes (PDGFRB, VIM, ITGA5, ACTN1, THBS2, SERPINE1, and RUNX2) were identified; these were found to be upregulated in ESCC tissues and were negatively correlated with miR-30b-5p. Functional experiments showed that miR-30b-5p attenuated migration (P<0.01) and invasion (P<0.05) in the Eca109 cell line. Moreover, the levels of ITGA5, PDGFRB, p-PI3K, and p-AKT, which are involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, were decreased in the miR-30b-5p-overexpressing Eca109 cell line. Conclusions Upregulated miR-30b-5p may inhibit migration and invasion in ESCC by targeting ITGA5, PDGFRB, and signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, involved in ESCC regulation. Our results indicate that miR-30b-5p plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of ESCC and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Haiyan Lv
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Baofu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Chengchu Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, China
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10
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Zhang M, Liu P, Xu F, He Y, Xie X, Jiang X. Vinculin promotes gastric cancer proliferation and migration and predicts poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14107-14115. [PMID: 30989694 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vinculin is a highly conserved protein involved in cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion. However, the effects of vinculin on gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the functional role of vinculin in GC, as well as its underlying mechanism. Expression of vinculin in patients with GC was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Overall survival was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. The relationship between vinculin and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC was further identified. In addition, we assessed the expression of vinculin in GC cell lines. Besides, vinculin was suppressed or overexpressed by transfection with small interfering (si-vinculin) or pcDNA-vinculin and then cell viability, cell apoptosis, and/or migration was respectively examined by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometer, and scratch assay, respectively. Moreover, the cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression of vinculin was significantly increased in the GC tissues and cells compared with the nontumor tissues or cells. Vinculin protein positive staining was mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Moreover, vinculin was significantly associated with Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) and poor differentiation. Patients with high vinculin levels had significantly worse overall survival than those with low levels. Suppression of vinculin significantly decreased cell viability and migration and promoted cell apoptosis. However, overexpression of vinculin statistically increased cell viability but had no effects on cell apoptosis. Vinculin promotes GC proliferation and migration and predicts poor prognosis in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Famei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanlong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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11
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Anwar T, Arellano-Garcia C, Ropa J, Chen YC, Kim HS, Yoon E, Grigsby S, Basrur V, Nesvizhskii AI, Muntean A, Gonzalez ME, Kidwell KM, Nikolovska-Coleska Z, Kleer CG. p38-mediated phosphorylation at T367 induces EZH2 cytoplasmic localization to promote breast cancer metastasis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2801. [PMID: 30022044 PMCID: PMC6051995 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of EZH2 in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer promotes metastasis. EZH2 has been mainly studied as the catalytic component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) that mediates gene repression by trimethylating histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). However, how EZH2 drives metastasis despite the low H3K27me3 levels observed in ER- breast cancer is unknown. Here we show that in human invasive carcinomas and distant metastases, cytoplasmic EZH2 phosphorylated at T367 is significantly associated with ER- disease and low H3K27me3 levels. p38-mediated EZH2 phosphorylation at T367 promotes EZH2 cytoplasmic localization and potentiates EZH2 binding to vinculin and other cytoskeletal regulators of cell migration and invasion. Ectopic expression of a phospho-deficient T367A-EZH2 mutant is sufficient to inhibit EZH2 cytoplasmic expression, disrupt binding to cytoskeletal regulators, and reduce EZH2-mediated adhesion, migration, invasion, and development of spontaneous metastasis. These results point to a PRC2-independent non-canonical mechanism of EZH2 pro-metastatic function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/metabolism
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Heterografts
- Histones/genetics
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Phosphorylation
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/genetics
- Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
- Threonine
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Anwar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Molecular Cellular and Pathology Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Caroline Arellano-Garcia
- Michigan Post-baccalaureate Research Education Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James Ropa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Molecular Cellular and Pathology Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hong Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sierrah Grigsby
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Molecular Cellular and Pathology Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Venkatesha Basrur
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alexey I Nesvizhskii
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Andrew Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maria E Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelley M Kidwell
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | | | - Celina G Kleer
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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12
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Differential Modulation of Transcription Factors and Cytoskeletal Proteins in Prostate Carcinoma Cells by a Bacterial Lactone. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6430504. [PMID: 29854771 PMCID: PMC5966677 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6430504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study tested the effect of a bacterial lactone N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) on the cytoskeletal and transcriptional genes and proteins in prostate adenocarcinoma (PA) cells (DU145 and LNCaP) and prostate small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC) PC3 cells including their cellular viability and apoptosis. Our data indicate that cell migration and colony formation were affected in the presence of C12-HSL. C12-HSL induced apoptosis and altered viability of both PA and SCNC cells in a concentration dependent manner as measured by fluorescence and chemiluminescence assays. Compared to PCa cells, noncancerous prostate epithelial cells (RWPE1) were resistant to modification by C12-HSL. Further, the viability of PC3 cells in 3D matrix was suppressed by C12-HSL treatment as detected using calcein AM fluorescence in situ. C12-HSL treatment induced cytoskeletal associated protein expression of vinculin and RhoC, which may have implications in cancer cell motility, adhesion, and metastasis. IQGAP protein expression was reduced in DU145 and RWPE1 cells in the presence of C12-HSL. C12-HSL decreased STAT3 phosphorylation in DU145 cells but increased STAT1 protein phosphorylation in PC3 and LNCaP cells. Overall, these studies indicate that C12-HSL can trigger changes in transcription factors and cytoskeletal proteins and thereby modulate growth and migration properties of PCa cells.
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13
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Chahal AS, Schweikle M, Heyward CA, Tiainen H. Attachment and spatial organisation of human mesenchymal stem cells on poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 84:46-53. [PMID: 29734041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Strategies that enable hydrogel substrates to support cell attachment typically incorporate either entire extracellular matrix proteins or synthetic peptide fragments such as the RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) motif. Previous studies have carefully analysed how material characteristics can affect single cell morphologies. However, the influence of substrate stiffness and ligand presentation on the spatial organisation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have not yet been examined. In this study, we assessed how hMSCs organise themselves on soft (E = 7.4-11.2 kPa) and stiff (E = 27.3-36.8 kPa) poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels with varying concentrations of RGD (0.05-2.5 mM). Our results indicate that hMSCs seeded on soft hydrogels clustered with reduced cell attachment and spreading area, irrespective of RGD concentration and isoform. On stiff hydrogels, in contrast, cells spread with high spatial coverage for RGD concentrations of 0.5 mM or higher. In conclusion, we identified that an interplay of hydrogel stiffness and the availability of cell attachment motifs are important factors in regulating hMSC organisation on PEG hydrogels. Understanding how cells initially interact and colonise the surface of this material is a fundamental prerequisite for the design of controlled platforms for tissue engineering and mechanobiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman S Chahal
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuel Schweikle
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Catherine A Heyward
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
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14
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Gao Y, Wang Z, Hao Q, Li W, Xu Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Wang S, Liu S, Li M, Xue X, Zhang W, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Loss of ERα induces amoeboid-like migration of breast cancer cells by downregulating vinculin. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14483. [PMID: 28266545 PMCID: PMC5344302 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a well-known target of endocrine therapy for ERα-positive breast cancer. ERα-negative cells, which are enriched during endocrine therapy, are associated with metastatic relapse. Here we determine that loss of ERα in the invasive front and in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer is significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis. Using in vivo and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we find that ERα is a novel regulator of vinculin expression in breast cancer. Notably, ERα suppresses the amoeboid-like movement of breast cancer cells by upregulating vinculin in 3D matrix, which in turn promotes cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion and inhibits the formation of amoeboid-like protrusions. A positive association between ERα and vinculin expression is found in human breast cancer tissues. The results show that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis and suggest that ERα suppresses cell amoeboid-like movement by upregulating vinculin. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-negative cells, which are enriched during endocrine therapy, are associated with metastatic relapse of breast cancer. Here the authors show that ERα inhibits breast cancer metastasis and suggest that ERα suppresses the amoeboid-like migration of breast cancer cells by upregulating vinculin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yujin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaochang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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15
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Panzetta V, De Menna M, Musella I, Pugliese M, Quarto M, Netti PA, Fusco S. X-rays effects on cytoskeleton mechanics of healthy and tumor cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2016; 74:40-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Panzetta
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci n. 53 Napoli 80125 Italy
| | - Marta De Menna
- Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine; University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia; Catanzaro Italy
| | - Ida Musella
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci n. 53 Napoli 80125 Italy
| | - Mariagabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Fisica; Università Federico II and INFN-Sezione di Napoli; Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia Napoli 80126 Italy
| | - Maria Quarto
- Dipartimento di Fisica; Università Federico II and INFN-Sezione di Napoli; Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia Napoli 80126 Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci n. 53 Napoli 80125 Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Napoli Federico II; P.le Tecchio 80 Napoli 80125 Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci n. 53 Napoli 80125 Italy
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16
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Lautscham LA, Kämmerer C, Lange JR, Kolb T, Mark C, Schilling A, Strissel PL, Strick R, Gluth C, Rowat AC, Metzner C, Fabry B. Migration in Confined 3D Environments Is Determined by a Combination of Adhesiveness, Nuclear Volume, Contractility, and Cell Stiffness. Biophys J 2016; 109:900-13. [PMID: 26331248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer metastasis and other physiological processes, cells migrate through the three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix of connective tissue and must overcome the steric hindrance posed by pores that are smaller than the cells. It is currently assumed that low cell stiffness promotes cell migration through confined spaces, but other factors such as adhesion and traction forces may be equally important. To study 3D migration under confinement in a stiff (1.77 MPa) environment, we use soft lithography to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) devices consisting of linear channel segments with 20 μm length, 3.7 μm height, and a decreasing width from 11.2 to 1.7 μm. To study 3D migration in a soft (550 Pa) environment, we use self-assembled collagen networks with an average pore size of 3 μm. We then measure the ability of four different cancer cell lines to migrate through these 3D matrices, and correlate the results with cell physical properties including contractility, adhesiveness, cell stiffness, and nuclear volume. Furthermore, we alter cell adhesion by coating the channel walls with different amounts of adhesion proteins, and we increase cell stiffness by overexpression of the nuclear envelope protein lamin A. Although all cell lines are able to migrate through the smallest 1.7 μm channels, we find significant differences in the migration velocity. Cell migration is impeded in cell lines with larger nuclei, lower adhesiveness, and to a lesser degree also in cells with lower contractility and higher stiffness. Our data show that the ability to overcome the steric hindrance of the matrix cannot be attributed to a single cell property but instead arises from a combination of adhesiveness, nuclear volume, contractility, and cell stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena A Lautscham
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Kämmerer
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janina R Lange
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kolb
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Mark
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Achim Schilling
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pamela L Strissel
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University-Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reiner Strick
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University-Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline Gluth
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Claus Metzner
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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17
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Advani AS, Chen AY, Babbitt CC. Human fibroblasts display a differential focal adhesion phenotype relative to chimpanzee. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 2016:110-6. [PMID: 26971204 PMCID: PMC4804348 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eow010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been documented that there are differences in disease susceptibilities between humans and non-human primates. We investigate one of these differences in fibroblasts to examine differences in cellular adhesion between humans and chimpanzees using microscopy and gene expression and have found significant differences in both datasets. These results suggest that human and chimpanzee fibroblasts may have somewhat different adhesive properties, which could play a role in differential disease phenotypes and responses to external factors. There are a number of documented differences between humans and our closest relatives in responses to wound healing and in disease susceptibilities, suggesting a differential cellular response to certain environmental factors. In this study, we sought to look at a specific cell type, fibroblasts, to examine differences in cellular adhesion between humans and chimpanzees in visualized cells and in gene expression. We have found significant differences in the number of focal adhesions between primary human and chimpanzee fibroblasts. Additionally, we see that adhesion related gene ontology categories are some of the most differentially expressed between human and chimpanzee in normal fibroblast cells. These results suggest that human and chimpanzee fibroblasts may have somewhat different adhesive properties, which could play a role in differential disease phenotypes and responses to external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Y Chen
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Courtney C Babbitt
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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18
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Thievessen I, Fakhri N, Steinwachs J, Kraus V, McIsaac RS, Gao L, Chen BC, Baird MA, Davidson MW, Betzig E, Oldenbourg R, Waterman CM, Fabry B. Vinculin is required for cell polarization, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling in 3D collagen. FASEB J 2015. [PMID: 26195589 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-268235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Vinculin is filamentous (F)-actin-binding protein enriched in integrin-based adhesions to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Whereas studies in 2-dimensional (2D) tissue culture models have suggested that vinculin negatively regulates cell migration by promoting cytoskeleton-ECM coupling to strengthen and stabilize adhesions, its role in regulating cell migration in more physiologic, 3-dimensional (3D) environments is unclear. To address the role of vinculin in 3D cell migration, we analyzed the morphodynamics, migration, and ECM remodeling of primary murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with cre/loxP-mediated vinculin gene disruption in 3D collagen I cultures. We found that vinculin promoted 3D cell migration by increasing directional persistence. Vinculin was necessary for persistent cell protrusion, cell elongation, and stable cell orientation in 3D collagen, but was dispensable for lamellipodia formation, suggesting that vinculin-mediated cell adhesion to the ECM is needed to convert actin-based cell protrusion into persistent cell shape change and migration. Consistent with this finding, vinculin was necessary for efficient traction force generation in 3D collagen without affecting myosin II activity and promoted 3D collagen fiber alignment and macroscopical gel contraction. Our results suggest that vinculin promotes directionally persistent cell migration and tension-dependent ECM remodeling in complex 3D environments by increasing cell-ECM adhesion and traction force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Thievessen
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Nikta Fakhri
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Julian Steinwachs
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Viola Kraus
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - R Scott McIsaac
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Liang Gao
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Bi-Chang Chen
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Michelle A Baird
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Michael W Davidson
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Betzig
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Rudolf Oldenbourg
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Clare M Waterman
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Ben Fabry
- *Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics, Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Physiology Course and Cellular Dynamics Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA; Third Physics Institute-Biophysics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany; Physics of Living Systems, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; California Life Company, South San Francisco, California, USA; **Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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PANZETTA VALERIA, DE MENNA MARTA, BUCCI DEBORA, GIOVANNINI VITTORIA, PUGLIESE MARIAGABRIELLA, QUARTO MARIA, FUSCO SABATO, NETTI PAOLO. X-RAY IRRADIATION AFFECTS MORPHOLOGY, PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION RATE OF HEALTHY AND CANCER CELLS. J MECH MED BIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519415400229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytoskeleton plays a central role in many cellular processes, such as migration, adhesion and proliferation. Alterations of its structural properties are commonly associated with different diseases (malignancy, cardiac hypertrophy, etc.). In this work, we studied the effects of X-radiations on cytoskeleton architecture of two cell lines: BALBc/3T3 and Simian virus 40-transformed BALBc/3T3 (SVT2) cells. In agreement with the current literature, we observed reduced adhesion and increased motility of SVT2 cells respect to non-transformed BALBc/3T3. In addition, we showed that two different doses of X-rays (1 and 2 Gy) increased cell-dish adhesiveness and reduced cell proliferation and cell motility of transformed cells, whereas minor effects were measured on the normal counterpart. These results suggested that low doses or fractioning of X-rays may have a normalization effect on the investigated parameters for the transformed cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- VALERIA PANZETTA
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - MARTA DE MENNA
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, Federico II University of Naples, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - DEBORA BUCCI
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, Federico II University of Naples, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - VITTORIA GIOVANNINI
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, Federico II University of Naples, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - MARIAGABRIELLA PUGLIESE
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Federico II and INFN-Sezione di Napoli, Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - MARIA QUARTO
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Federico II and INFN-Sezione di Napoli, Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - SABATO FUSCO
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - PAOLO NETTI
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, Federico II University of Naples, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80126, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dei Materiali e della Produzione, Universita di Napoli Federico II, 'Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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20
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Huang YC, Yu HS, Chai CY. Proteins in the ERK pathway are affected by arsenic-treated cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00218k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study revealed that arsenic regulates SLC25A12, PSME3, vinculin, QR and STIP1 expressions through activation of the ERK-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chun Huang
- Department of Pathology
- College of Medicine
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung City
- Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Su Yu
- Department of Dermatology
- College of Medicine
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung City
- Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology
- College of Medicine
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Kaohsiung City
- Taiwan
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21
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Li T, Guo H, Song Y, Zhao X, Shi Y, Lu Y, Hu S, Nie Y, Fan D, Wu K. Loss of vinculin and membrane-bound β-catenin promotes metastasis and predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:263. [PMID: 25496021 PMCID: PMC4320448 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Loss of cell-cell adhesion is important for the development of cancer invasion and metastasis. Vinculin, a key adhesion-related protein, can affect metastasis and prognosis in several tumours. Here, we determined the biological roles of vinculin in the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and evaluated its clinical significance as a potential disease biomarker. Methods The expression level of vinculin in CRC cell lines and tissues was measured using Real-Time PCR and western blotting. Moreover, vinculin function was analysed using Transwell assays and in vivo metastasis assays in gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Furthermore, the impact of vinculin together with membrane-bound β-catenin on the prognosis of 228 CRC patients was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) indicators was verified by immunohistochemistry in CRC tissues obtained from these patients. Result Vinculin expression was found to be significantly downregulated in highly metastatic CRC cell lines and metastatic tissues. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that vinculin suppressed invasion, migration and metastasis in CRC cells and that this suppression could be attenuated by silencing β-catenin. Moreover, the expression of vinculin and membrane-bound β-catenin were positively correlated in CRC tissues, and lack of vinculin expression emerged as an independent prognostic factor in patients with CRC. Finally, the loss of vinculin and membrane-bound β-catenin was associated with node metastasis, organ metastasis and expression of EMT indicators. Conclusion Our results suggest that vinculin may play specific roles in the EMT and metastasis of CRC and that loss of vinculin could be used as a prognostic factor for CRC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-263) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaichun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology & State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Vinculin negatively regulates transcription of MT1-MMP through MEK/ERK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 455:251-5. [PMID: 25449281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Vinculin regulates a variety of cellular functions partly through stabilization of tumor suppressor PTEN. In order to study the role of vinculin in tumor progression other than PTEN stabilization, vinculin was knocked down in PTEN-deficient squamous cell carcinoma HSC-4 cells. Knockdown of vinculin induced phenotypical change by reducing cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesions, and enhanced MT1-MMP expression at transcription level and subsequent cell migration. Up-regulation of MT1-MMP transcription by vinculin knockdown was abrogated by ERK inhibition. These results suggest that vinculin negatively regulates malignant phenotype of tumor cells including MT1-MMP transcription through MEK/ERK pathway.
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Kirik U, Hansson K, Krogh M, Jönsson M, Nilbert M, James P, Carneiro A. Discovery-based protein expression profiling identifies distinct subgroups and pathways in leiomyosarcomas. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1729-39. [PMID: 25069693 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin. A substantial portion of these tumors exhibits complex karyotypes and lack characterized chromosomal aberrations. Owing to such properties, both histopathologic and molecular classification of these tumors has been a significant challenge. This study examines the protein expression of a large number of human STS, including subtype heterogeneity, using two-dimensional gel proteomics. In addition, detailed proteome profiles of a subset of pleomorphic STS specimens using an in-depth mass-spectrometry approach identified subgroups within the leiomyosarcomas with distinct protein expression patterns. Pathways analysis indicates that key biologic nodes like apoptosis, cytoskeleton remodeling, and telomere regulation are differentially regulated among these subgroups. Finally, investigating the similarities between protein expression of leiomyosarcomas and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS) revealed similar protein expression profiles for these tumors, in comparison with pleomorphic leiomyosarcomas. IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that UPS tumors share a similar lineage as leiomyosarcomas and are likely to originate from different stages of differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Kirik
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Hansson
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Mef Nilbert
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Lund University, Sweden. Clinical Research Centre, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen University, Denmark
| | - Peter James
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Ana Carneiro
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Lund University, Sweden
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Saez de Guinoa J, Barrio L, Carrasco YR. Vinculin Arrests Motile B Cells by Stabilizing Integrin Clustering at the Immune Synapse. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:2742-51. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Goldmann WH, Auernheimer V, Thievessen I, Fabry B. Vinculin, cell mechanics and tumour cell invasion. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:397-405. [PMID: 23494917 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The focal adhesion protein, vinculin, is important for transmitting mechanical forces and orchestrating mechanical signalling events. Deregulation of vinculin results in altered cell adhesion, contractility, motility and growth, all of which are important processes in cancer metastasis. This review summarises recent reports on the role of vinculin in cellular force generation and signalling, and discusses implications for a role of vinculin in promoting cancer cell migration in 3D environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Center for Medical Physics and Technology, Biophysics Group, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
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Abstract
The critical role of migration and invasion in cancer metastasis warrants new therapeutic approaches targeting the machinery regulating cell migration and invasion. While 2-dimensional (2D) models have helped identify a range of adhesion molecules, cytoskeletal components and regulators that are potentially important for cell migration, the use of models that better mimic the 3-dimensional (3D) environment has yielded new insights into the physiology of cell movement. For example, studying cells in 3D models has revealed that invading cancer cells may switch between heterogeneous invasion modes and thus evade pharmacological inhibition of invasion. Here we summarize published data in which the role of cell adhesion molecules in 2D vs. 3D migration have been directly compared and discuss mechanisms that regulate migration speed and persistence in 2D and 3D. Finally we discuss limits of 3D culture models to recapitulate the in vivo situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peta Bradbury
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW Australia
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27
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Wang Y, Kuramitsu Y, Ueno T, Suzuki N, Yoshino S, Iizuka N, Zhang X, Akada J, Oka M, Nakamura K. Proteomic differential display identifies upregulated vinculin as a possible biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:1845-50. [PMID: 22940724 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by rapid tumor spread, and very few patients with PC survive for more than 5 years. It is imperative to discover additional diagnostic biomarkers or specific therapeutic targets in order to improve the treatment of patients with PC. In search for useful biomarkers, we analyzed ten pairs of non-cancerous and cancer tissues from patients with PC by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Nineteen protein spots showed differential expression on 2-DE gels between the cancer and non-cancerous tissues. Six upregulated protein spots were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as calreticulin, glutathione synthetase, stathmin, vinculin, α-enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Western blotting demonstrated that vinculin was predominantly expressed in the pancreatic cancer tissues compared with to non-cancerous tissues. Our findings indicate that vinculin may be a clinically useful biomarker of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis identify the integrin signaling pathway to be altered by IL-1β in human pancreatic cancer cells: Role of JNK. Cancer Lett 2012; 320:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yao PL, Lin YC, Richburg JH. Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) promotes invasion and migration of human testicular embryonal carcinoma cells. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:160, 1-10. [PMID: 22321834 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular dysgenesis syndrome refers to a collection of diseases in men, including testicular cancer, that arise as a result of abnormal testicular development. Phthalates are a class of chemicals used widely in the production of plastic products and other consumer goods. Unfortunately, phthalate exposure has been linked to reproductive dysfunction and has been shown to adversely affect normal germ cell development. In this study, we show that mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) induces matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression in testicular embryonal carcinoma NT2/D1 cells but has no significant effect on MMP9 expression. NT2/D1 cells also have higher levels of MYC expression following MEHP treatment. It is widely recognized that activation of MMP2 and MYC is tightly associated with tumor metastasis and tumor progression. Gelatin zymographic analysis indicates that MEHP strongly activates MMP2 in NT2/D1 cells. Addition of the MMP2-specific inhibitor SB-3CT inhibited MEHP-enhanced cell invasion and migration, demonstrating that MMP2 plays a functional role in promoting testicular embryonal carcinoma progression in response to MEHP exposure. Furthermore, we investigated genome-wide gene expression profiles of NT2/D1 cells following MEHP exposure at 0, 3, and 24 h. Microarray analysis and semiquantitative RT-PCR revealed that MEHP exposure primarily influenced genes in cell adhesion and transcription in NT2/D1 cells. Gap junction protein-alpha 1, vinculin, and inhibitor of DNA-binding protein-1 were significantly down-regulated by MEHP treatment, while claudin-6 and beta 1-catenin expression levels were up-regulated. This study provides insight into mechanisms that may account for modulating testicular cancer progression following phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Li Yao
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
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Mescola A, Vella S, Scotto M, Gavazzo P, Canale C, Diaspro A, Pagano A, Vassalli M. Probing cytoskeleton organisation of neuroblastoma cells with single-cell force spectroscopy. J Mol Recognit 2012; 25:270-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mescola
- Nanophysics Unit; Italian Institute of Technology; Morego; Genova; Italy
| | - Serena Vella
- Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics; University of Genova; Genova; Italy
| | - Marco Scotto
- Nanophysics Unit; Italian Institute of Technology; Morego; Genova; Italy
| | - Paola Gavazzo
- Institute of Biophysics; National Research Council; Genova; Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Nanophysics Unit; Italian Institute of Technology; Morego; Genova; Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Vassalli
- Institute of Biophysics; National Research Council; Genova; Italy
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Halpert M, Abu-Abied M, Avisar D, Moskovitz Y, Altshuler O, Cohen A, Weissberg M, Riov J, Gottlieb HE, Perl A, Sadot E. Rac-dependent doubling of HeLa cell area and impairment of cell migration and cell cycle by compounds from Iris germanica. PROTOPLASMA 2011; 248:785-797. [PMID: 21207085 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-010-0254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plants are an infinite source of bioactive compounds. We screened the Israeli flora for compounds that interfere with the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. We found an activity in lipidic extract from Iris germanica that was able to increase HeLa cell area and adhesion and augment the formation of actin stress fibers. This effect was not observed when Ref52 fibroblasts were tested and was not the result of disruption of microtubules. Further, the increase in cell area was Rac1-dependent, and the iris extract led to slight Rac activation. Inhibitor of RhoA kinase did not interfere with the ability of the iris extract to increase HeLa cell area. The increase in HeLa cell area in the presence of iris extract was accompanied by impairment of cell migration and arrest of the cell cycle at G1 although the involvement of Rac1 in these processes is not clear. Biochemical verification of the extract based on activity-mediated fractionation and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that the active compounds belong to the group of iridals, a known group of triterpenoid. Purified iripallidal was able to increase cell area of both HeLa and SW480 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Halpert
- The Institute of Plant Sciences, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan, 50250, Israel
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Fan X, Wang J, Soman KV, Ansari GAS, Khan MF. Aniline-induced nitrosative stress in rat spleen: proteomic identification of nitrated proteins. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 255:103-12. [PMID: 21708182 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aniline exposure is associated with toxicity to the spleen which is characterized by splenomegaly, hyperplasia, fibrosis, and a variety of sarcomas on chronic exposure in rats. However, mechanisms by which aniline elicits splenotoxic responses are not well understood. Earlier we have shown that aniline exposure leads to increased nitration of proteins in the spleen. However, nitrated proteins remain to be characterized. Therefore, in the current study using proteomic approaches, we focused on characterizing the nitrated proteins in the spleen of aniline-exposed rats. Aniline exposure led to increased tyrosine nitration of proteins, as determined by 2D Western blotting with anti-3-nitrotyrosine specific antibody, compared to the controls. The analyzed nitrated proteins were found in the molecular weight range of 27.7 to 123.6kDa. A total of 37 nitrated proteins were identified in aniline-treated and control spleens. Among them, 25 were found only in aniline-treated rats, 11 were present in both aniline-treated and control rats, while one was found in controls only. The nitrated proteins identified mainly represent skeletal proteins, chaperones, ferric iron transporter, enzymes, nucleic acids binding protein, and signaling and protein synthesis pathways. Furthermore, aniline exposure led to significantly increased iNOS mRNA and protein expression in the spleen, suggesting its role in increased reactive nitrogen species formation and contribution to increased nitrated proteins. The identified nitrated proteins provide a global map to further investigate alterations in their structural and functional properties, which will lead to a better understanding of the role of protein nitration in aniline-mediated splenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Fan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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New insights into vinculin function and regulation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 287:191-231. [PMID: 21414589 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386043-9.00005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vinculin is a cytoplasmic actin-binding protein enriched in focal adhesions and adherens junctions that is essential for embryonic development. Much is now known regarding the role of vinculin in governing cell-matrix adhesion. In the past decade that the crystal structure of vinculin and the molecular details for how vinculin regulates adhesion events have emerged. The recent data suggests a critical function for vinculin in regulating integrin clustering, force generation, and strength of adhesion. In addition to an important role in cell-matrix adhesion, vinculin is also emerging as a regulator of apoptosis, Shigella entry into host cells, and cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion. A close inspection of this work reveals that there are similarities between vinculin's role in focal adhesions and these processes and also some intriguing differences.
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Klopfleisch R, Klose P, Weise C, Bondzio A, Multhaup G, Einspanier R, Gruber AD. Proteome of Metastatic Canine Mammary Carcinomas: Similarities to and Differences from Human Breast Cancer. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:6380-91. [DOI: 10.1021/pr100671c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Klose
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Weise
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Bondzio
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Multhaup
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim D. Gruber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straβe 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany, and Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Gu S, Papadopoulou N, Nasir O, Föller M, Alevizopoulos K, Lang F, Stournaras C. Activation of membrane androgen receptors in colon cancer inhibits the prosurvival signals Akt/bad in vitro and in vivo and blocks migration via vinculin/actin signaling. Mol Med 2010; 17:48-58. [PMID: 20957335 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2010.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that membrane androgen receptors (mARs) are expressed in colon tumors triggering strong apoptotic responses. In the present study, we analyzed mAR-induced downstream effectors controlling cell survival and migration of Caco2 colon cancer cells. We show that long-term activation of mAR downregulated the activity of PI-3K and Akt and induced de-phosphorylation/activation of the proapoptotic Bad (p-Bad). Moreover, treatment of APC(Min/+) mice, which spontaneously develop intestinal tumors, with mAR-activating testosterone conjugates reduced the tumor incidence by 80% and significantly decreased the expression of p-Akt and p-Bad levels in tumor tissue. Furthermore, mAR activation strongly inhibited Caco2 cell migration. In accordance with these findings, vinculin, a protein controlling cell adhesion and actin reorganization, was effectively phosphorylated upon mAR activation. Phosphorylation inhibitors genistein and PP2 inhibited actin reorganization and restored motility. Moreover, silencing vinculin by appropriate siRNA's, or blocking actin reorganization by cytochalasin B, restored the migration potential. From these results we conclude that mAR activation inhibits the prosurvival signals Akt/Bad in vitro and in vivo and blocks migration of colon cancer cells via regulation of vinculin signaling and actin reorganization, supporting the powerful tumoristatic effect of those receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Gu
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Ruenraroengsak P, Florence AT. Biphasic interactions between a cationic dendrimer and actin. J Drug Target 2010; 18:803-11. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.521159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Carisey A, Ballestrem C. Vinculin, an adapter protein in control of cell adhesion signalling. Eur J Cell Biol 2010; 90:157-63. [PMID: 20655620 PMCID: PMC3526775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinculin, discovered in 1979 (Geiger, 1979), is an adapter protein with binding sites for more than 15 proteins. Biochemical and structural analyses have contributed to detailed knowledge about potential binding partners and the understanding of how their binding may be regulated. Despite all this information the molecular basis of how vinculin acts in cells and controls a wide variety of signals remains elusive. This review aims to highlight recent discoveries with an emphasis on how vinculin is involved in the coordination of a network of signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Carisey
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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Marg S, Winkler U, Sestu M, Himmel M, Schönherr M, Bär J, Mann A, Moser M, Mierke CT, Rottner K, Blessing M, Hirrlinger J, Ziegler WH. The vinculin-DeltaIn20/21 mouse: characteristics of a constitutive, actin-binding deficient splice variant of vinculin. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11530. [PMID: 20644727 PMCID: PMC2904371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The cytoskeletal adaptor protein vinculin plays a fundamental role in cell contact regulation and affects central aspects of cell motility, which are essential to both embryonal development and tissue homeostasis. Functional regulation of this evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein is dominated by a high-affinity, autoinhibitory head-to-tail interaction that spatially restricts ligand interactions to cell adhesion sites and, furthermore, limits the residency time of vinculin at these sites. To date, no mutants of the vinculin protein have been characterized in animal models. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we investigate vinculin-ΔEx20, a splice variant of the protein lacking the 68 amino acids encoded by exon 20 of the vinculin gene VCL. Vinculin-ΔEx20 was found to be expressed alongside with wild type protein in a knock-in mouse model with a deletion of introns 20 and 21 (VCL-ΔIn20/21 allele) and shows defective head-to-tail interaction. Homozygous VCL-ΔIn20/21 embryos die around embryonal day E12.5 showing cranial neural tube defects and exencephaly. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts and upon ectopic expression, vinculin-ΔEx20 reveals characteristics of constitutive head binding activity. Interestingly, the impact of vinculin-ΔEx20 on cell contact induction and stabilization, a hallmark of the vinculin head domain, is only moderate, thus allowing invasion and motility of cells in three-dimensional collagen matrices. Lacking both F-actin interaction sites of the tail, the vinculin-ΔEx20 variant unveils vinculin's dynamic binding to cell adhesions independent of a cytoskeletal association, and thus differs from head-to-tail binding deficient mutants such as vinculin-T12, in which activated F-actin binding locks the protein variant to cell contact sites. Conclusions/Significance Vinculin-ΔEx20 is an active variant supporting adhesion site stabilization without an enhanced mechanical coupling. Its presence in a transgenic animal reveals the potential of splice variants in the vinculin gene to alter vinculin function in vivo. Correct control of vinculin is necessary for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Marg
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Winkler
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcello Sestu
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mirko Himmel
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madeleine Schönherr
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janina Bär
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amrit Mann
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Moser
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claudia T. Mierke
- Centre for Medical Physics and Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Cytoskeleton Dynamics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Blessing
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Hirrlinger
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Ziegler
- Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Yoshio T, Morita T, Tsujii M, Hayashi N, Sobue K. MRTF-A/B suppress the oncogenic properties of v-ras- and v-src-mediated transformants. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:1185-93. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Correlation between the interaction of the vinculin tail domain with lipid membranes, its phosphorylation and cell mechanical behaviour. Cell Biol Int 2010; 34:339-42. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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The Role of Vinculin in the Regulation of the Mechanical Properties of Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2009; 53:115-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-009-9047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Palmer SM, Playford MP, Craig SW, Schaller MD, Campbell SL. Lipid binding to the tail domain of vinculin: specificity and the role of the N and C termini. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:7223-31. [PMID: 19110481 PMCID: PMC2652276 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807842200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinculin is a highly conserved and abundant cytoskeletal protein involved in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane at sites of cellular adhesion. At these sites of adhesion, vinculin plays a role in physiological processes such as cell motility, migration, development, and wound healing. Loss of normal vinculin function has been associated with cancer phenotypes, cardiovascular disease, and lethal errors in embryogenesis. The tail domain of vinculin (Vt) binds to acidic phospholipids and has been proposed to play a role in vinculin activation and focal adhesion turnover. To better characterize Vt-lipid specificity, we conducted a series of lipid co-sedimentation experiments and find that Vt shows specific association with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), compared with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), or phosphatidylinositol (PI) in the context of mixed lipid vesicles. The C terminus of Vt has been proposed to be important for PIP2 association, as various mutations and deletions within the C-terminal reduce PIP2 association. Lipid co-sedimentation and NMR analyses indicate that removal of the hydrophobic hairpin does not alter Vt structure or PIP2 association. However, more extensive deletions within the C-terminal introduce Vt structural perturbations and reduce PIP2 binding. Intriguingly, a significant increase in PIP2 binding was observed for multiple Vt variants that perturb interactions between the N-terminal strap and helix bundle, suggesting that a rearrangement of this N-terminal strap may be required for PIP2 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Smadja-Lamère N, Boulanger MC, Champagne C, Branton PE, Lavoie JN. JNK-mediated phosphorylation of paxillin in adhesion assembly and tension-induced cell death by the adenovirus death factor E4orf4. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:34352-64. [PMID: 18818208 PMCID: PMC2662241 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m803364200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenovirus type 2 Early Region 4 ORF4 (E4orf4) protein induces a caspase-independent death program in tumor cells involving changes in actin dynamics that are functionally linked to cell killing. Because an increase in myosin II-based contractility is needed for the death of E4orf4-expressing cells, we have proposed that alteration of cytoskeletal tension is part of the signals engaging the death pathway. Yet the mechanisms involved are poorly defined. Herein, we show that the Jun N-terminal kinase JNK is activated in part through a pathway involving Src, Rho, and ROCK (Rho kinase) and contributes to dysregulate adhesion dynamics and to kill cells in response to E4orf4. JNK supports the formation of atypically robust focal adhesions, which are bound to the assembly of the peculiar actomyosin network typifying E4orf4-induced cell death and which are required for driving nuclear condensation. Remarkably, the dramatic enlargement of focal adhesions, actin remodeling, and cell death all rely on paxillin phosphorylation at Ser-178, which is induced by E4orf4 in a JNK-dependent way. Furthermore, we found that Ser-178-paxillin phosphorylation is necessary to decrease adhesion turnover and to enhance the time residency of paxillin at focal adhesions, promoting its recruitment from an internal pool. Our results indicate that perturbation of tensional homeostasis by E4orf4 involves JNK-regulated changes in paxillin adhesion dynamics that are required to engage the death pathway. Moreover, our findings support a role for JNK-mediated paxillin phosphorylation in adhesion growth and stabilization during tension signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Smadja-Lamère
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de l'Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CRCHUQ, Québec, G1R 2J6, Canada
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Seimiya M, Tomonaga T, Matsushita K, Sunaga M, Oh-Ishi M, Kodera Y, Maeda T, Takano S, Togawa A, Yoshitomi H, Otsuka M, Yamamoto M, Nakano M, Miyazaki M, Nomura F. Identification of novel immunohistochemical tumor markers for primary hepatocellular carcinoma; clathrin heavy chain and formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase. Hepatology 2008; 48:519-30. [PMID: 18571811 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) greatly improves its prognosis. However, the distinction between benign and malignant tumors is often difficult, and novel immunohistochemical markers are necessary. Using agarose two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis, we analyzed HCC tissues from 10 patients. The fluorescence volumes of 48 spots increased and 79 spots decreased in tumor tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissue, and 83 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Immunoblot confirmed that the expression of clathrin heavy chain (CHC) and Ku86 significantly increased, whereas formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD), rhodanese, and vinculin decreased in tumor. The protein expression in tumor and nontumor tissues was further evaluated by immunostaining. Interestingly, CHC and FTCD expression was strikingly different between tumor and nontumor tissues. The sensitivity and specificity of individual markers or a combination for the detection of HCC were 51.8% and 95.6% for CHC, 61.4% and 98.5% for FTCD, and 80.7% and 94.1% for CHC+FTCD, respectively. Strikingly, the sensitivity and specificity increased to 86.7% and 95.6% when glypican-3, another potential biomarker for HCC, was used with FTCD. Moreover, CHC and FTCD were useful to distinguish early HCC from benign tumors such as regenerative nodule or focal nodular hyperplasia, because the sensitivity and specificity of the markers are 41.2% and 77.8% for CHC, 44.4% and 80.0% for FTCD, which is comparable with those of glypican-3 (33.3% and 100%). The sensitivity significantly increased by combination of these markers, 72.2% for CHC+FTCD, and 61.1% for CHC+glypican-3 and FTCD+glypican-3, as 44.4% of glypican-3 negative early HCC were able to be detected by either CHC or FTCD staining. CONCLUSION Immunostaining of CHC and FTCD could make substantial contributions to the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Seimiya
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Le Clainche C, Carlier MF. Regulation of actin assembly associated with protrusion and adhesion in cell migration. Physiol Rev 2008; 88:489-513. [PMID: 18391171 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To migrate, a cell first extends protrusions such as lamellipodia and filopodia, forms adhesions, and finally retracts its tail. The actin cytoskeleton plays a major role in this process. The first part of this review (sect. II) describes the formation of the lamellipodial and filopodial actin networks. In lamellipodia, the WASP-Arp2/3 pathways generate a branched filament array. This polarized dendritic actin array is maintained in rapid treadmilling by the concerted action of ADF, profilin, and capping proteins. In filopodia, formins catalyze the processive assembly of nonbranched actin filaments. Cell matrix adhesions mechanically couple actin filaments to the substrate to convert the treadmilling into protrusion and the actomyosin contraction into traction of the cell body and retraction of the tail. The second part of this review (sect. III) focuses on the function and the regulation of major proteins (vinculin, talin, tensin, and alpha-actinin) that control the nucleation, the binding, and the barbed-end growth of actin filaments in adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clainche
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Oncogenic Ras-induced morphologic change is through MEK/ERK signaling pathway to downregulate Stat3 at a posttranslational level in NIH3T3 cells. Neoplasia 2008; 10:52-60. [PMID: 18231638 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras is a key regulator of the MAP kinase-signaling cascade and may cause morphologic change of Ras-transformed cells. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) can be activated by cytokine stimulation. In this study, we unravel that Ha-ras(V12) overexpression can downregulate the expression of Stat3 protein at a posttranslational level in NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Stat3 expression downregulated by Ha-ras(V12) overexpression is through proteosome degradation and not through a mTOR/p70S6K-related signaling pathway. The suppression of Stat3 accompanied by the morphologic change induced by Ha-ras(V12) was through mitogen extracellular kinase (MEK)/extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Microtubule disruption is involved in Ha-ras(V12)-induced morphologic change, which could be reversed by overexpression of Stat3. Taken together, we are the first to demonstrate that Stat3 protein plays a critical role in Ha-ras(V12)-induced morphologic change. Oncogenic Ras-triggered morphologic change is through the activation of MEK/ERK to posttranslationally downregulate Stat3 expression. Our finding may shed light on developing novel therapeutic strategies against Ras-related tumorigenesis.
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Liu M, Oberg K, Zhou Y. Expression and Function of Vinculin in Neuroendocrine Tumors. Tumour Biol 2007; 28:196-204. [PMID: 17709988 DOI: 10.1159/000107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfection of chicken vinculin into highly malignant neuroendocrine tumor cells, vasostatin-transformed (vaso-transformed) Bon cells which expressed low levels of vinculin protein, reversed their malignant behavior and restored expression of tumor suppressor genes. Conversely, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockout of vinculin resulted in fast cell growth and augmentation of colony formation in wild-type cells. Moreover, expression of a tight junction protein, claudin 4 (CLD4), was found to be associated with vinculin expression. In the vaso-transformed Bon cells, CLD4 expression was reduced, whereas a significantly increased CLD4 expression was observed in the cells with vinculin overexpression. Furthermore, vinculin knockout brought about CLD4 downregulation in wild-type cells. However, vinculin and CLD4 expression was inversely correlated in neuroendocrine tumors, respectively. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that vinculin plays a role in growth regulation of neuroendocrine tumors. Further studies are necessary to analyze the relationship between the course of the disease, and vinculin and CLD4 expression in large tumor samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Liu
- Endocrine Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Opas M, Fadel MP. Partial reversal of transformed fusiform phenotype by overexpression of calreticulin. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2006; 12:294-307. [PMID: 17149557 PMCID: PMC6275922 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-006-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin, a Ca2+-storage and chaperone protein of the ER, has also been shown to affect cell adhesiveness. To examine the effects of differential expression of calreticulin on cellular adhesiveness, we used L fibroblast cell lines stably expressing either elevated or reduced amounts of full length, ER-targeted calreticulin. Overexpression of calreticulin correlates with an increase in adhesiveness of L fibroblasts such that these transformed cells acquire epithelioid morphology and form an epithelial-cell sheet when crowded. Functionally, the “reversal” of transformed phenotype in L fibroblasts differentially overexpressing calreticulin can be accounted for by changes in levels of expression of N-cadherin and vinculin. Structurally, however, although the form and extent of cell-cell contacts in L fibroblasts overexpressing calreticulin mimicked those in normal epithelia, electron microscopical examination revealed that cell-cell junctions formed by these transformed cells bore only superficial resemblance to those of normal epithelia in culture. Our data imply that overexpression of calreticulin, while partially reverses fusiform transformed phenotype is in itself insufficient to re-establish bona fide zonulae adherens in transformed fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Opas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Chen H, Choudhury DM, Craig SW. Coincidence of actin filaments and talin is required to activate vinculin. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:40389-98. [PMID: 17074767 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m607324200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinculin regulates cell adhesion by strengthening contacts between extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. Binding of the integrin ligand, talin, to the head domain of vinculin and F-actin to its tail domain is a potential mechanism for this function, but vinculin is autoinhibited by intramolecular interactions between its head and tail domain and must be activated to bind talin and actin. Because autoinhibition of vinculin occurs by synergism between two head and tail interfaces, one hypothesis is that activation could occur by two ligands that coordinately disrupt both interfaces. To test this idea we use a fluorescence resonance energy transfer probe that reports directly on activation of vinculin. Neither talin rod, VBS3 (a talin peptide that mimics a postulated activated state of talin), nor F-actin alone can activate vinculin. But in the presence of F-actin either talin rod or VBS3 induces dose-dependent activation of vinculin. The activation data are supported by solution phase binding studies, which show that talin rod or VBS3 fails to bind vinculin, whereas the same two ligands bind tightly to vinculin head domain (K(d) approximately 100 nM). These data strongly support a combinatorial mechanism of vinculin activation; moreover, they are inconsistent with a model in which talin or activated talin is sufficient to activate vinculin. Combinatorial activation implies that at cell adhesion sites vinculin is a coincidence detector awaiting simultaneous signals from talin and actin polymerization to unleash its scaffolding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Jin Y, Iwata KK, Belldegrun A, Figlin R, Pantuck A, Zhang ZF, Lieberman R, Rao J. Effect of an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor on actin remodeling in an in vitro bladder cancer carcinogenesis model. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:1754-63. [PMID: 16891461 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alteration of actin remodeling is a marker of malignant-associated field defect and a potential surrogate biomarker for chemoprevention trials. We tested erlotinib, a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), on actin remodeling in a bladder carcinogenic model consisting of untransformed HUC-PC cells and transformed MC-T11 cells, both derived from the same normal human urothelial clone immortalized by SV40. Erlotinib had a selective growth inhibitory and actin remodeling effect on MC-T11 cells over HUC-PC cells, as examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and immunofluorescence labeling with laser scan cytometer analysis, respectively. The IC(50) of untransformed HUC-PC cells was significantly higher than that of transformed MC-T11 cells (P < 0.05, t test). The actin remodeling effect was more prominent at lower dosage levels (1/8-1/4 of IC(50)), which was accompanied by an increased cell adhesion and decreased motility. At higher dosage levels (1/2 of IC(50)), erlotinib induced a decreased adhesion and anoikis (detachment-associated apoptosis). The transformed MC-T11, but not HUC-PC, showed a weak constitutive EGFR phosphorylation activity, which was inhibited by erlotinib in a dose-response manner. However, on epidermal growth factor stimulation, both cell lines showed a similar dose-response inhibitory effect on phosphorylated EGFR and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; P44/P42) activities, and MAPK inhibitor PD98059 showed no specific effect on erlotinib-induced actin remodeling, suggesting that pathways other than MAPK (P44/P42) may be responsible for erlotinib-induced actin remodeling. The findings provide evidence to support erlotinib-based bladder cancer chemoprevention and using actin remodeling as a marker for erlotinib-based intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951732, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1732, USA
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