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Xue W, Zhu B, Zhao K, Huang Q, Luo H, Shou Y, Huang Z, Guo H. Targeting LRP6: A new strategy for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107200. [PMID: 38710241 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Targeting specific molecular drivers of tumor growth is a key approach in cancer therapy. Among these targets, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), a vital component of the Wnt signaling pathway, has emerged as an intriguing candidate. As a cell-surface receptor and vital co-receptor, LRP6 is frequently overexpressed in various cancer types, implicating its pivotal role in driving tumor progression. The pursuit of LRP6 as a target for cancer treatment has gained substantial traction, offering a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention. Here, this comprehensive review explores recent breakthroughs in our understanding of LRP6's functions and underlying molecular mechanisms, providing a profound discussion of its involvement in cancer pathogenesis and drug resistance. Importantly, we go beyond discussing LRP6's role in cancer by discussing diverse potential therapeutic approaches targeting this enigmatic protein. These approaches encompass a wide spectrum, including pharmacological agents, natural compounds, non-coding RNAs, epigenetic factors, proteins, and peptides that modulate LRP6 expression or disrupt its interactions. In addition, also discussed the challenges associated with developing LRP6 inhibitors and their advantages over Wnt inhibitors, as well as the drugs that have entered phase II clinical trials. By shedding light on these innovative strategies, we aim to underscore LRP6's significance as a valuable and multifaceted target for cancer treatment, igniting enthusiasm for further research and facilitating translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules&College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Kaili Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules&College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiuju Huang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules&College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yiwen Shou
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules&College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhaoquan Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules&College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Xue W, Cai L, Li S, Hou Y, Wang YD, Yang D, Xia Y, Nie X. WNT ligands in non-small cell lung cancer: from pathogenesis to clinical practice. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:136. [PMID: 37486552 PMCID: PMC10366069 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and leading cause of death worldwide, whereas its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Although mutations in some crucial genes in WNT pathways such as β-catenin and APC are not common in NSCLC, the abnormal signal transduction of WNT pathways is still closely related to the occurrence and progression of NSCLC. WNT ligands (WNTs) are a class of secreted glycoproteins that activate WNT pathways through binding to their receptors and play important regulatory roles in embryonic development, cell differentiation, and tissue regeneration. Therefore, the abnormal expression or dysfunction of WNTs undoubtedly affects WNT pathways and thus participates in the pathogenesis of diseases. There are 19 members of human WNTs, WNT1, WNT2, WNT2b, WNT3, WNT3a, WNT4, WNT5a, WNT5b, WNT6, WNT7a, WNT7b, WNT8a, WNT8b, WNT9a, WNT9b, WNT10a, WNT10b, WNT11 and WNT16. The expression levels of WNTs, binding receptors, and activated WNT pathways are diverse in different tissue types, which endows the complexity of WNT pathways and multifarious biological effects. Although abundant studies have reported the role of WNTs in the pathogenesis of NSCLC, it still needs further study as therapeutic targets for lung cancer. This review will systematically summarize current research on human WNTs in NSCLC, from molecular pathogenesis to potential clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xue
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Lihong Cai
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China
| | - Su Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yujia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Hebi, 458030, China.
| | - Yubing Xia
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China.
| | - Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Sharma S, Kumar M, Kumar J, Mazumder S. β-Catenin Elicits Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission Activating the Pro-Apoptotic Caspase-1/IL-1β Signalosome in Aeromonas hydrophila-Infected Zebrafish Macrophages. Cells 2023; 12:1509. [PMID: 37296630 PMCID: PMC10252323 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating microbial pathogenesis. However, to date, its involvement in A. hydrophila infection is not well known. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) kidney macrophages (ZKM), we report that A. hydrophila infection upregulates wnt2, wnt3a, fzd5, lrp6, and β-catenin (ctnnb1) expression, coinciding with the decreased expression of gsk3b and axin. Additionally, increased nuclear β-catenin protein accumulation was observed in infected ZKM, thereby suggesting the activation of canonical Wnt signaling in A. hydrophila infection. Our studies with the β-catenin specific inhibitor JW67 demonstrated β-catenin to be pro-apoptotic, which initiates the apoptosis of A. hydrophila-infected ZKM. β-catenin induces NADPH oxidase (NOX)-mediated ROS production, which orchestrates sustained mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) generation in the infected ZKM. Elevated mtROS favors the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and downstream Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission, leading to cytochrome c release. We also report that β-catenin-induced mitochondrial fission is an upstream regulator of the caspase-1/IL-1β signalosome, which triggers the caspase-3 mediated apoptosis of the ZKM as well as A. hydrophila clearance. This is the first study suggesting a host-centric role of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in A. hydrophila pathogenesis wherein β-catenin plays a primal role in activating the mitochondrial fission machinery, which actively promotes ZKM apoptosis and helps in containing the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Sharma
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Manmohan Kumar
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jai Kumar
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Shibnath Mazumder
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Delhi 110021, India
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Monti N, Verna R, Piombarolo A, Querqui A, Bizzarri M, Fedeli V. Paradoxical Behavior of Oncogenes Undermines the Somatic Mutation Theory. Biomolecules 2022; 12:662. [PMID: 35625590 PMCID: PMC9138429 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The currently accepted theory on the influence of DNA mutations on carcinogenesis (the Somatic Mutation Theory, SMT) is facing an increasing number of controversial results that undermine the explanatory power of mutated genes considered as "causative" factors. Intriguing results have demonstrated that several critical genes may act differently, as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, while phenotypic reversion of cancerous cells/tissues can be achieved by modifying the microenvironment, the mutations they are carrying notwithstanding. Furthermore, a high burden of mutations has been identified in many non-cancerous tissues without any apparent pathological consequence. All things considered, a relevant body of unexplained inconsistencies calls for an in depth rewiring of our theoretical models. Ignoring these paradoxes is no longer sustainable. By avoiding these conundrums, the scientific community will deprive itself of the opportunity to achieve real progress in this important biomedical field. To remedy this situation, we need to embrace new theoretical perspectives, taking the cell-microenvironment interplay as the privileged pathogenetic level of observation, and by assuming new explanatory models based on truly different premises. New theoretical frameworks dawned in the last two decades principally focus on the complex interaction between cells and their microenvironment, which is thought to be the critical level from which carcinogenesis arises. Indeed, both molecular and biophysical components of the stroma can dramatically drive cell fate commitment and cell outcome in opposite directions, even in the presence of the same stimulus. Therefore, such a novel approach can help in solving apparently inextricable paradoxes that are increasingly observed in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Valeria Fedeli
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.M.); (R.V.); (A.P.); (A.Q.); (M.B.)
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He J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zou T, Li XP, Cao L, Chen J. The Effects of WISP1 Polymorphisms on the Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:1193-1203. [PMID: 34566424 PMCID: PMC8458023 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s325788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationships between Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) polymorphisms and the prognosis of platinum-based chemotherapy in lung cancer patients. Patients and Methods A total of 363 lung cancer patients were recruited in this study. All of them received at least two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. We used unconditional logistic regression analysis to assess the associations of 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms in WISP1 gene with platinum-based chemotherapy prognosis. Results The results indicated that patients carried rs2929973 GT or GG genotypes had increased risk of disease progression (HR = 0.712, 95% CI = 0.553–0.916, P = 0.015). Patients with rs2977551 TT genotype had a significantly decreased risk of progression-free survival than patients carrying CT or CC genotype (HR = 0.723, 95% CI = 0.561–0.932, P = 0.032) and overall survival (HR = 0.725, 95% CI = 0.552–0.913, P = 0.045). For rs2977549, patients carrying TT genotype had a significantly longer progression-free survival than patients with CC or CT genotypes (HR = 0.708, 95% CI = 0.550–0.912, P = 0.017). Among of them, rs16904853, rs10956697, rs2929965, rs2929973, rs7828685, rs2977551 and rs2977549 were related to progression-free survival, and rs10956697 and rs2977551 were related to overall survival in subgroup analyses, respectively. Conclusion WISP1 rs2929973, rs2977551 and rs2977549 may be contributed to a potential candidate biomarker for prediction of platinum-based chemotherapy prognosis in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinagya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Hunan Clinical Research Center in Gynecologic Cancer, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zou
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinagya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinagya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinagya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
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Cytoguardin: A Tryptophan Metabolite against Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094490. [PMID: 33925793 PMCID: PMC8123408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoguardin was identified in the conditioned medium of fibroblasts as a tryptophan metabolite, 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP). It is synthesized via two enzymatic steps: tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). A truncated HIOMT isoform, HIOMT298, catalyzes 5-MTP synthesis. Cancer cells produce scarce 5-MTP due to defective HIOMT298 expression. 5-MTP inhibits cancer cell COX-2 expression and thereby reduces COX-2-mediated cell proliferation and migration. 5-MTP also inhibits MMP-9 expression and thereby reduces cancer cell invasion. 5-MTP exerts its anti-cancer effect by blocking p38 MAPK and p38-mediated NF-κB and p300 HAT activation. The stable transfection of A549 cells with HIOMT298 restores 5-MTP production which renders cancer cells less aggressive. The implantation of HIOMT-transfected A549 into subcutaneous tissues of a murine xenograft tumor model shows that HIOMT-transduced A549 cells form smaller tumors and generate fewer metastatic lung nodules than control A549 cells. HIOMT298 transfection suppresses aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) expression and serotonin production. Serotonin is a cancer-promoting factor. By restoring 5-MTP and suppressing serotonin production, HIOMT298 overexpression converts cancer cells into less malignant phenotypes. The analysis of HIOMT expression in a human cancer tissue array showed reduced HIOMT levels in a majority of colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancer. HIOMT298 may be a biomarker of human cancer progression. Furthermore, 5-MTP has the potential to be a lead compound in the development of new therapy for the chemoprevention of certain cancers such as hepatocellular cancer.
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Non-Canonical Functions of the ARF Tumor Suppressor in Development and Tumorigenesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010086. [PMID: 33445626 PMCID: PMC7827855 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
P14ARF (ARF; Alternative Reading Frame) is an extensively characterized tumor suppressor which, in response to oncogenic stimuli, mediates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via p53-dependent and independent routes. ARF has been shown to be frequently lost through CpG island promoter methylation in a wide spectrum of human malignancies, such as colorectal, prostate, breast, and gastric cancers, while point mutations and deletions in the p14ARF locus have been linked with various forms of melanomas and glioblastomas. Although ARF has been mostly studied in the context of tumorigenesis, it has been also implicated in purely developmental processes, such as spermatogenesis, and mammary gland and ocular development, while it has been additionally involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. Moreover, ARF has been found to hold important roles in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. As is often the case with tumor suppressors, ARF functions as a pleiotropic protein regulating a number of different mechanisms at the crossroad of development and tumorigenesis. Here, we provide an overview of the non-canonical functions of ARF in cancer and developmental biology, by dissecting the crosstalk of ARF signaling with key oncogenic and developmental pathways.
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Castagnoli L, Tagliabue E, Pupa SM. Inhibition of the Wnt Signalling Pathway: An Avenue to Control Breast Cancer Aggressiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9069. [PMID: 33260642 PMCID: PMC7730964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumour in women. Although the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches in clinical practice has dramatically improved the clinical outcome of BC patients, this malignant disease remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The wingless/integrated (Wnt) signalling pathway represents a crucial molecular node relevantly implicated in the regulation of normal somatic stem cells as well as cancer stem cell (CSC) traits and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition cell program. Accordingly, Wnt signalling is heavily dysregulated in BC, and the altered expression of different Wnt genes is significantly associated with cancer-related aggressive behaviours. For all these reasons, Wnt signalling represents a promising therapeutic target currently under clinical investigation to achieve cancer eradication by eliminating CSCs, considered by most to be responsible for tumour initiation, relapse, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the Wnt signalling pathway in BC and have presented evidence implicating the suitability of Wnt targeting in an attempt to improve the outcome of patients without affecting the normal somatic stem cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serenella M. Pupa
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.C.); (E.T.)
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Zhu J, Zhu Z, Cai P, Gu Z, Wang J. Bladder cancer-associated transcript 2 contributes to nephroblastoma progression. J Gene Med 2020; 24:e3292. [PMID: 33142356 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephroblastoma is a common pediatric kidney tumor. Existing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be associated with tumorigenesis such as nephroblastoma. However, the contribution of lncRNA bladder cancer-associated transcript 2 (BLACAT2) to tumorigenesis and postoperative nephroblastoma prognosis remains unknown. METHODS A total of 50 pairs of patient nephroblastoma and corresponding adjacent non-tumorous tissues were analyzed for BLACAT2 expression. The underlying roles of BLACAT2 in nephroblastoma cells were also investigated. BLACAT2 level was detected in four nephroblastoma cell lines and normal cell line NGC-407 using quantitative real-time PCR. The potential influence of BLACAT2 on nephroblastoma cells was explored based on RNA interference technology in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the miRNA targeted by BLACAT2 and its target gene were predicted and verified. RESULTS BLACAT2 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth in vivo and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, BLACAT2 could directly bind to miR-504-3p, thereby decreasing miR-504-3p expression. In addition, the impact of miR-504-3p on proliferation, colony formation, and nephroblastoma cell apoptosis was reversed by BLACAT2. Wnt11 was identified as a target of miR-504-3p. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that a novel BLACAT2/miR-504-3p/Wnt11 axis is associated with nephroblastoma, where BLACAT2 is able to sponge miR-504-3p to down-regulate Wnt11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Cai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhicheng Gu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu, China
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Bisso A, Filipuzzi M, Gamarra Figueroa GP, Brumana G, Biagioni F, Doni M, Ceccotti G, Tanaskovic N, Morelli MJ, Pendino V, Chiacchiera F, Pasini D, Olivero D, Campaner S, Sabò A, Amati B. Cooperation Between MYC and β-Catenin in Liver Tumorigenesis Requires Yap/Taz. Hepatology 2020; 72:1430-1443. [PMID: 31965581 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Activation of MYC and catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1, encoding β-catenin) can co-occur in liver cancer, but how these oncogenes cooperate in tumorigenesis remains unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS We generated a mouse model allowing conditional activation of MYC and WNT/β-catenin signaling (through either β-catenin activation or loss of APC - adenomatous polyposis coli) upon expression of CRE recombinase in the liver and monitored their effects on hepatocyte proliferation, apoptosis, gene expression profiles, and tumorigenesis. Activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling strongly accelerated MYC-driven carcinogenesis in the liver. Both pathways also cooperated in promoting cellular transformation in vitro, demonstrating their cell-autonomous action. Short-term induction of MYC and β-catenin in hepatocytes, followed by RNA-sequencing profiling, allowed the identification of a "Myc/β-catenin signature," composed of a discrete set of Myc-activated genes whose expression increased in the presence of active β-catenin. Notably, this signature enriched for targets of Yes-associated protein (Yap) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (Taz), two transcriptional coactivators known to be activated by WNT/β-catenin signaling and to cooperate with MYC in mitogenic activation and liver transformation. Consistent with these regulatory connections, Yap/Taz accumulated upon Myc/β-catenin activation and were required not only for the ensuing proliferative response, but also for tumor cell growth and survival. Finally, the Myc/β-catenin signature was enriched in a subset of human hepatocellular carcinomas characterized by comparatively poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Myc and β-catenin show a strong cooperative action in liver carcinogenesis, with Yap and Taz serving as mediators of this effect. These findings warrant efforts toward therapeutic targeting of Yap/Taz in aggressive liver tumors marked by elevated Myc/β-catenin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bisso
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulia Brumana
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Doni
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Jacopo Morelli
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Pendino
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Chiacchiera
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Diego Pasini
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Campaner
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Sabò
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Amati
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO)-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Duan L, Yang W, Feng W, Cao L, Wang X, Niu L, Li Y, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Hong L, Fan D. Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of miRNAs in drug resistance of colorectal cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920947342. [PMID: 32922521 PMCID: PMC7450467 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920947342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapy is identified as a curative approach to prolong the survival time of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Although great progress in therapeutic approaches has been achieved during the last decades, drug resistance still extensively persists and serves as a major hurdle to effective anticancer therapy for CRC. The mechanism of multidrug resistance remains unclear. Recently, mounting evidence suggests that a great number of microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to drug resistance in CRC. Certain of these miRNAs may thus be used as promising biomarkers for predicting drug response to chemotherapy or serve as potential targets to develop personalized therapy for patients with CRC. This review mainly summarizes recent advances in miRNAs and the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated chemoresistance in CRC. We also discuss the potential role of drug resistance-related miRNAs as potential biomarkers (diagnostic and prognostic value) and envisage the future orientation and challenges in translating the findings on miRNA-mediated chemoresistance of CRC into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weibo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liaoran Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiding Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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12
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STK31 regulates the proliferation and cell cycle of lung cancer cells via the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway and feedback regulation by c‑myc. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:395-404. [PMID: 31894338 PMCID: PMC6967196 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer‑related deaths, is diagnosed at a male to female ratio of 2.1:1. Serine‑threonine kinase 31 (STK31) is a novel cancer/testis (CT)‑related gene that is highly expressed in several types of cancers, such as lung and colorectal cancer, and plays crucial roles in cancer. In the present study, increased expression of STK31 and β‑catenin was observed in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of STK31 expression in lung cancer cells significantly inhibited their proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase concurrent with decreased β‑catenin, c‑myc and cyclin D1 protein levels, while upregulation of STK31 had the opposite effects. In addition, STK31‑induced lung cancer cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle progression, and expression of related genes were completely attenuated by a Wnt/β‑catenin inhibitor (XAV939). Similar to XAV939, a c‑myc inhibitor (10058‑F4) also significantly attenuated STK31‑induced proliferation and cell cycle progression in lung cancer cells. Inhibiting c‑myc and TRRAP significantly decreased the expression of STK31, and a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay confirmed that c‑myc directly bound to the STK31 promoter. These results indicated that STK31 may act as an oncogene in lung cancer and that c‑myc may be the transcription factor that promotes STK31 expression. Moreover, the results suggested that c‑myc can also regulate STK31 expression in a positive feedback loop, and the downregulation of STK31 in lung cancer cells had an inhibitory effect on cell viability, cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, likely by inactivating the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway and positive feedback regulation by c‑myc.
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13
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Kreuzaler P, Clarke MA, Brown EJ, Wilson CH, Kortlever RM, Piterman N, Littlewood T, Evan GI, Fisher J. Heterogeneity of Myc expression in breast cancer exposes pharmacological vulnerabilities revealed through executable mechanistic modeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:22399-22408. [PMID: 31611367 PMCID: PMC6825310 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903485116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells with higher levels of Myc proliferate more rapidly and supercompetitively eliminate neighboring cells. Nonetheless, tumor cells in aggressive breast cancers typically exhibit significant and stable heterogeneity in their Myc levels, which correlates with refractoriness to therapy and poor prognosis. This suggests that Myc heterogeneity confers some selective advantage on breast tumor growth and progression. To investigate this, we created a traceable MMTV-Wnt1-driven in vivo chimeric mammary tumor model comprising an admixture of low-Myc- and reversibly switchable high-Myc-expressing clones. We show that such tumors exhibit interclonal mutualism wherein cells with high-Myc expression facilitate tumor growth by promoting protumorigenic stroma yet concomitantly suppress Wnt expression, which renders them dependent for survival on paracrine Wnt provided by low-Myc-expressing clones. To identify any therapeutic vulnerabilities arising from such interdependency, we modeled Myc/Ras/p53/Wnt signaling cross talk as an executable network for low-Myc, for high-Myc clones, and for the 2 together. This executable mechanistic model replicated the observed interdependence of high-Myc and low-Myc clones and predicted a pharmacological vulnerability to coinhibition of COX2 and MEK. This was confirmed experimentally. Our study illustrates the power of executable models in elucidating mechanisms driving tumor heterogeneity and offers an innovative strategy for identifying combination therapies tailored to the oligoclonal landscape of heterogenous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kreuzaler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
- Oncogenes and Tumour Metabolism Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Clarke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine H Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Roderik M Kortlever
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Nir Piterman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trevor Littlewood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard I Evan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom;
| | - Jasmin Fisher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom;
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, United Kingdom
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14
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RNA-based therapy for osteogenesis. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Ahi EP, Richter F, Lecaudey LA, Sefc KM. Gene expression profiling suggests differences in molecular mechanisms of fin elongation between cichlid species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9052. [PMID: 31227799 PMCID: PMC6588699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45599-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative analyses of gene regulation inform about the molecular basis of phenotypic trait evolution. Here, we address a fin shape phenotype that evolved multiple times independently across teleost fish, including several species within the family Cichlidae. In a previous study, we proposed a gene regulatory network (GRN) involved in the formation and regeneration of conspicuous filamentous elongations adorning the unpaired fins of the Neolamprologus brichardi. Here, we tested the members of this network in the blockhead cichlid, Steatocranus casuarius, which displays conspicuously elongated dorsal and moderately elongated anal fins. Our study provided evidence for differences in the anatomy of fin elongation and suggested gene regulatory divergence between the two cichlid species. Only a subset of the 20 genes tested in S. casuarius showed the qPCR expression patterns predicted from the GRN identified in N. brichardi, and several of the gene-by-gene expression correlations differed between the two cichlid species. In comparison to N. brichardi, gene expression patterns in S. casuarius were in better (but not full) agreement with gene regulatory interactions inferred in zebrafish. Within S. casuarius, the dorsoventral asymmetry in ornament expression was accompanied by differences in gene expression patterns, including potential regulatory differentiation, between the anal and dorsal fin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria. .,Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-75 236, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Florian Richter
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Kristina M Sefc
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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16
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Li Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Xing X, Zhang Y. Interleukin‐32ε induces caspase‐independent apoptosis mediated by N‐Myc interactor in macrophages infected with
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. FEBS J 2018; 286:572-583. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xupeng Xing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Yangling China
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17
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Zeng Y, Shen Z, Gu W, Wu M. Bioinformatics analysis to identify action targets in NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells exposed to quercetin. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:393-398. [PMID: 30266078 PMCID: PMC6171422 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1493610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Quercetin exerts antiproliferative effects on gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms of action on gastric cancer have not been comprehensively revealed. OBJECTIVE We investigated the mechanisms of action of quercetin against gastric cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells were treated with 15 μM quercetin or dimethyl sulfoxide (as a control) for 48 h. DNA isolated from cells was sequenced on a HiSeq 2500, and the data were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups. Then, enrichment analyses were performed for DEGs and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Finally, the transcription factors (TFs)-DEGs regulatory network was visualized by Cytoscape software. RESULTS A total of 121 DEGs were identified in the quercetin group. In the PPI network, Fos proto-oncogene (FOS, degree = 12), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR, degree = 12), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN, degree = 11), and cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1, degree = 11) with higher degrees highly interconnected with other proteins. Of the 5 TF-DEGs, early growth response 1 (EGR1), FOS like 1 (FOSL1), FOS, and JUN were upregulated, while AHR was downregulated. Moreover, FOSL1, JUN, and Wnt family member 7B (WNT7B) were enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS CYP1A1 highly interconnected with AHR in the PPI network. Therefore, FOS, AHR, JUN, CYP1A1, EGR1, FOSL1, and WNT7B might be targets of quercetin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengjie Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhangjiagang First People’s Hospital, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhe Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mianhua Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Li C, Feng S, Chen L. MicroRNA-142-3p inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting the high-mobility group box 1 via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in glioma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:4493-4502. [PMID: 31949846 PMCID: PMC6962963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is one of the most common brain tumors. Copious microRNAs have been identified as critical regulators in the development of glioma. MicroRNA-142-3p (miR-142-3p) has been reported as a tumor suppressor in some malignancies. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-142-3p in the development of glioma are poorly defined. METHODS An RT-qPCR assay was carried out to detect expressions of miR-142-3p and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mRNA. A bioinformatic analysis and a luciferase reporter assay were used to explore the interaction between miR-142-3p and HMGB1 3'UTR. A Western blot assay was performed to examine protein expression of HMGB1, c-myc, cleaved caspase-3, and β-catenin. Cell proliferative ability was assessed by an MTS assay. The cell apoptotic rate was measured using flow cytometry via the double-staining of Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI). RESULTS MiR-142-3p expression was remarkably reduced in glioma tissues. Mechanical analyses showed that HMGB1 was a target of miR-142-3p. Functional investigations revealed that miR-142-3p suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis by targeting HMGB1 in glioma cells. Moreover, miR-142-3p inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and activated caspase-3 signaling by targeting HMGB1 in glioma cells. CONCLUSION MiR-142-3p inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting HMGB1 via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in glioma cells, providing a deep exploration into the roles and molecular basis of miR-142-3p in the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells and highlighting the therapeutical values of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
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19
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Kwak B, Kim DU, Kim TO, Kim HS, Kim SW. MicroRNA-552 links Wnt signaling to p53 tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:1800-1808. [PMID: 30066856 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) has been shown to be associated with the development of various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The increased activation of the Wnt signaling pathway via the loss of the Wnt repressor, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), is the hallmark of human CRC. In this study, we demonstrate that the activation of the Wnt/c-Myc axis inhibits the expression of the tumor suppressor, p53, via promoting the targeting of p53 by miR‑552. Our results revealed that the ectopic expression of miR‑552 enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation and resistance to drug-induced apoptosis, suggesting that this miRNA may function as an oncogene. We found that miR‑552 displayed oncogenic properties by directly targeting the p53 tumor suppressor. Of note, our genetic and pharmacological experiments revealed that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its major downstream target, c-Myc (hereafter termed Myc), increased the miR‑552 levels, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed they carried out this function by directly binding to their binding sites in the miR‑552 promoter region. Given that the functional loss of APC, leading to abnormal Wnt signals, and the absence of p53 protein are common in CRC, these results suggest that miR‑552 may serve as an important link between these two events, and this warrants further investigation. Collectively, the data of this study suggest that the inhibition of miR‑552 may disconnect elevated Wnt signals from p53 suppression, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with CRC with deregulated Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomi Kwak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Uk Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Oh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Pusan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Republic of Korea
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20
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Zhang C, Du Y, Yuan H, Jiang F, Shen M, Wang Y, Wang R. HAMSCs/HBMSCs coculture system ameliorates osteogenesis and angiogenesis against glucolipotoxicity. Biochimie 2018; 152:121-133. [PMID: 30103897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and vascular lesions induced by glucolipotoxicity are common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). In order to deal with these complications, we designed a new therapeutic strategy, i.e. coculture system containing human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HAMSCs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs). Two in vitro coculture models, transwell and mixed cocultures, were proposed for 7 days with variable HAMSCs: HBMSCs ratios. Then, supernatant from each coculture was used to reverse the deficiency of HBMSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) impaired by high glucose and palmitic acid (GP). We found that glucolipotoxicity caused by GP remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as induced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HBMSCs. Meanwhile, glucolipotoxicity suppressed cell proliferation, tube formation capacity and angiogenic potential of HUVECs. Though, HAMSCs/HBMSCs coculture system reduced HBMSCs dysfunction by antioxidant properties and promoted angiogenesis in HUVECs. The mixed HAMSCs/HBMSCs coculture at the optimal ratio of 3/1 showed significantly greater cell proliferation, antioxidant properties, osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation than HBMSCs or HUVECs alone. In conclusion, the current coculture system of HAMSCs/HBMSCs can be a potential therapeutic material for advancing bone and vascular regeneration against DM-induced glucolipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Polyclinic, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Dental Implant, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Dental Implant, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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21
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Hassan A, Ahmad J, Ashraf H, Ali A. Modeling and analysis of the impacts of jet lag on circadian rhythm and its role in tumor growth. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4877. [PMID: 29892500 PMCID: PMC5994163 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms maintain a 24 h oscillation pattern in metabolic, physiological and behavioral processes in all living organisms. Circadian rhythms are organized as biochemical networks located in hypothalamus and peripheral tissues. Rhythmicity in the expression of circadian clock genes plays a vital role in regulating the process of cell division and DNA damage control. The oncogenic protein, MYC and the tumor suppressor, p53 are directly influenced by the circadian clock. Jet lag and altered sleep/wake schedules prominently affect the expression of molecular clock genes. This study is focused on developing a Petri net model to analyze the impacts of long term jet lag on the circadian clock and its probable role in tumor progression. The results depict that jet lag disrupts the normal rhythmic behavior and expression of the circadian clock proteins. This disruption leads to persistent expression of MYC and suppressed expression of p53. Thus, it is inferred that jet lag altered circadian clock negatively affects the expressions of cell cycle regulatory genes and contribute in uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Hassan
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Scinces and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Scinces and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hufsah Ashraf
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Scinces and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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22
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Benelli R, Venè R, Ferrari N. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (cyclooxygenase-2), a complex target for colorectal cancer prevention and therapy. Transl Res 2018; 196:42-61. [PMID: 29421522 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A plentiful literature has linked colorectal cancer (CRC) to inflammation and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS)2 expression. Accordingly, several nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been tested often successfully in CRC chemoprevention despite their different ability to specifically target PTGS2 and the low or null expression of PTGS2 in early colon adenomas. Some observational studies showed an increased survival for patients with CRC assuming NSAIDs after diagnosis, but no clinical trial has yet demonstrated the efficacy of NSAIDs against established CRC, where PTGS2 is expressed at high levels. The major limits for the application of NSAIDs, or specific PTGS2 inhibitors, as adjuvant drugs in CRC are (1) a frequent confusion about the physiological role of PTGS1 and PTGS2, reflecting in CRC pathology and therapy; (2) the presence of unavoidable side effects linked to the intrinsic function of these enzymes; (3) the need of established criteria and markers for patient selection; and (4) the evaluation of the immunomodulatory potential of PTGS2 inhibitors as possible adjuvants for immunotherapy. This review has been written to rediscover the multifaceted potential of PTGS2 targeting, hoping it could act as a starting point for a new and more aware application of NSAIDs against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Benelli
- OU Immunology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico per l'oncologia), Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberta Venè
- OU Molecular Oncology & Angiogenesis, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico per l'oncologia), Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Ferrari
- OU Molecular Oncology & Angiogenesis, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico per l'oncologia), Genoa, Italy
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23
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Oronsky B, Reid TR, Oronsky A, Caroen S, Carter CA, Cabrales P. Brief report: RRx-001 is a c-Myc inhibitor that targets cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23439-23442. [PMID: 29805745 PMCID: PMC5955127 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of anticancer therapy is to selectively eradicate all malignant cells. Unfortunately for the majority of patients with metastatic disease, this goal is consistently thwarted by the nearly inevitable development of therapeutic resistance; the main driver of therapeutic resistance is a minority subpopulation of cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs) whose mitotic quiescence essentially renders them non-eradicable. The Wnt signaling pathway has been widely implicated as a regulator of CSCs and, therefore, its inhibition is thought to result in a reversal of therapeutic resistance via loss of stem cell properties. RRx-001 is a minimally toxic redox-active epi-immunotherapeutic anticancer agent in Phase III clinical trials that sensitizes tumors to radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapies. In this article, as a potential mechanism for its radio- and chemosensitizing activity, we report that RRx-001 targets CD133+/CD44+ cancer stem cells from three colon cancer cell-lines, HT-29, Caco-2, and HCT116, and inhibits Wnt pathway signalling with downregulation of c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tony R Reid
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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24
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang L, Tan Z, Wei W, Yan B, Zhao J, Wu K, Yang A, Zhang R, Jia L. MicroRNA-26a is a key regulon that inhibits progression and metastasis of c-Myc/EZH2 double high advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 426:98-108. [PMID: 29653269 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myc is a key driver for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), while the polycombrepressive complex 2 (PRC2) subunit EZH2 is an essential biomarker of HCC. c-Myc epigenetically silences tumor suppressors by recruiting PRC2 and inducing methylation of histone H3 lysine 27. However, it remains elusive how they are regulated in HCC. We found here that microRNA-26a (miR-26a) suppresses c-Myc, a classical Wnt pathway target gene, by targeting the Wnt pathway coactivator, cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8); miR-26a also directly targets and inhibits EZH2. The expression of MIR26A2, a predominant origin of miR-26a transcripts in hepatic cells, is repressed by c-Myc/PRC2, thereby forming a c-Myc/miR-26a/CDK8 regulatory circuit in HCC. Meanwhile, miR-26a suppresses migration of HCC by targeting p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2), a critical kinase linking Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization. Consequently, in vivo delivery of miR-26a remarkably suppressed the development of xenograft HCC and metastasis of orthotopic HCC by downregulating c-Myc, CDK8 and PAK2. These findings unraveled a novel mechanism of c-Myc and Wnt/β-catenin interplay that dictates HCC pathogenesis, and have implications for the potential applicability of miRNA delivery in targeting the newly identified signaling axis and treating metastatic HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Department of Health Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Angang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Lintao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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25
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Tan Z, Huang Q, Zang J, Teng SF, Chen TR, Wei HF, Song DW, Liu TL, Yang XH, Fu CG, Hu ZQ, Zhou W, Yan WJ, Xiao JR. HIF-1α activates hypoxia-induced BCL-9 expression in human colorectal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25885-25896. [PMID: 27121066 PMCID: PMC5432224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 protein (BCL-9), a multi-functional co-factor in Wnt signaling, induced carcinogenesis as well as promoting tumor progression, metastasis and chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanisms for increased BCL-9 expression in CRC were not well understood. Here, we report that hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, induced BCL-9 mRNA expression in human CRC cells. Analysis of BCL-9 promoter revealed two functional hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE-B and HRE-C) that can be specifically bound with and be transactivated by hypoxia inducible factors (HIF) -1α but not HIF-2α. Consistently, ectopic expression of HIF-1α but not HIF-2α transcriptionally induced BCL-9 expression levels in cells. Knockdown of endogenous HIF-1α but not HIF-2α by siRNA largely abolished the induction of HIF by hypoxia. Furthermore, there was a strong association of HIF-1α expression with BCL-9 expression in human CRC specimens. In summary, results from this study demonstrated that hypoxia induced BCL-9 expression in human CRC cells mainly through HIF-1α, which could be an important underlying mechanism for increased BCL-9 expression in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tan
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Huang
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Feng Teng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Rui Chen
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wei
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian-Wen Song
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tie-Long Liu
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Hai Yang
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Gang Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Qian Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang-Jun Yan
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Ru Xiao
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Tong Y, Liu Y, Zheng H, Zheng L, Liu W, Wu J, Ou R, Zhang G, Li F, Hu M, Liu Z, Lu L. Artemisinin and its derivatives can significantly inhibit lung tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31413-28. [PMID: 27119499 PMCID: PMC5058767 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent malignancy worldwide given its high incidence, considerable mortality, and poor prognosis. The anti-malaria compounds artemisinin (ART), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), and artesunate (ARTS) reportedly have anti-cancer potential, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this work, we used flow cytometry to show that ART, DHA, and ARTS could inhibit the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells by arresting cell cycle in G1 phase. Meanwhile, tumor malignancy including migration, invasion, cancer stem cells, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were also significantly suppressed by these compounds. Furthermore, ART, DHA, and ARTS remarkably decreased tumor growth in vivo. By using IWP-2, the inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and Wnt5a siRNA, we found that ART, DHA, and ARTS could render tumor inhibition partially dependent on Wnt/β-catenin inactivation. These compounds could strikingly decrease the protein level of Wnt5-a/b and simultaneously increase those of NKD2 and Axin2, ultimately resulting in β-catenin downregulation. In summary, our findings revealed that ART, DHA, and ARTS could suppress lung-tumor progression by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby suggesting a novel target for ART, DHA, and ARTS in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Hongming Zheng
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Wenqin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Rilan Ou
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Guiyu Zhang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ming Hu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.,International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
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27
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Angiogenesis in a 3D model containing adipose tissue stem cells and endothelial cells is mediated by canonical Wnt signaling. Bone Res 2017; 5:17048. [PMID: 29263938 PMCID: PMC5727463 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) have gained great attention in regenerative medicine. Progress in our understanding of adult neovascularization further suggests the potential of ASCs in promoting vascular regeneration, although the specific cues that stimulate their angiogenic behavior remain controversial. In this study, we established a three-dimensional (3D) angiogenesis model by co-culturing ASCs and endothelial cells (ECs) in collagen gel and found that ASC-EC-instructed angiogenesis was regulated by the canonical Wnt pathway. Furthermore, the angiogenesis that occurred in implants collected after injections of our collagen gel-based 3D angiogenesis model into nude mice was confirmed to be functional and also regulated by the canonical Wnt pathway. Wnt regulation of angiogenesis involving changes in vessel length, vessel density, vessel sprout, and connection numbers occurred in our system. Wnt signaling was then shown to regulate ASC-mediated paracrine signaling during angiogenesis through the nuclear translocation of β-catenin after its cytoplasmic accumulation in both ASCs and ECs. This translocation enhanced the expression of nuclear co-factor Lef-1 and cyclin D1 and activated the angiogenic transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The angiogenesis process in the 3D collagen model appeared to follow canonical Wnt signaling, and this model can help us understand the importance of the canonical Wnt pathway in the use of ASCs in vascular regeneration.
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28
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Pan JH, Abernathy B, Kim YJ, Lee JH, Kim JH, Shin EC, Kim JK. Cruciferous vegetables and colorectal cancer prevention through microRNA regulation: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2026-2038. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1300134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Pan
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Breann Abernathy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Cheol Shin
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyeom Kim
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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29
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Jung EK, Kim SA, Yoon TM, Lee KH, Kim HK, Lee DH, Lee JK, Chung IJ, Joo YE, Lim SC. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 contributes to tumor progression and treatment failure in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1719-1724. [PMID: 28789400 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1) belongs to the family of cysteine rich 61/connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma overexpressed matricellular proteins, which are involved in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. In the present study, the expression of WISP-1 was investigated, and its association with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was evaluated. Additionally, the role of WISP-1 in invasion and apoptosis of human OSCC cells was evaluated. Immunoreactivity of WISP-1 was increased in OSCC tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue samples. High expression of WISP-1 protein was observed in 24/84 (28.57%) OSCC specimens. Additionally, high WISP-1 expression was significantly associated with treatment failure (P=0.042). The 5-year overall survival rate was 33% in patients with high WISP1 expression, and 66% in patients with low WISP-1 expression. WISP-1 expression in the human OSCC SCC-1483 cell line was observed. Furthermore, WISP-1 knockdown using small interfering (si)RNA significantly reduced cell invasion and induced apoptosis compared with control siRNA-transfected cells. These findings suggested that WISP-1 is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis by increasing tumor cell invasion and inhibiting cell apoptosis in human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Mi Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kyoo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Chonnam 58128, Republic of Korea
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30
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López Fontana CM, Zyla LE, Santiano FE, Sasso CV, Cuello-Carrión FD, Pistone Creydt V, Fanelli MA, Carón RW. Hypothyroidism reduces mammary tumor progression via Β-catenin-activated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in rats. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 147:759-769. [PMID: 28191619 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Experimental hypothyroidism retards mammary carcinogenesis promoting apoptosis of tumor cells. β-catenin plays a critical role in cell adhesion and intracellular signaling pathways conditioning the prognosis of breast cancer. However, the mechanistic connections associated with the expression of β-catenin in thyroid status and breast cancer are not known. Therefore, we studied the relationship between the expression and localization of β-catenin and apoptosis in mammary tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in hypothyroid (Hypot) and euthyroid (EUT) rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats were treated with a dose of DMBA (15 mg/rat) at 55 days of age and were then divided into two groups: HypoT (0.01% 6-N-propyl-2-thiouracil in drinking water, n = 54) and EUT (untreated control, n = 43). Latency, incidence and progression of tumors were determined. At sacrifice, tumors were obtained for immunohistological studies and Western Blot. The latency was longer (p < 0.05), the incidence was lower (p < 0.0001) and tumor growth was slower (p < 0.01) in HypoT rats compared to EUT. The expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3 was significantly higher in tumors of HypoT than in EUT (p < 0.05) indicating the activation of the intrinsic pathway. In this group, β-catenin was expressed in the plasma membrane and with less intensity, while its expression was nuclear and with greater intensity in the EUT (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of survivin was reduced in tumors of HypoT rats (p < 0.05). In conclusion, decreased expression of β-catenin and its normal location in membrane of mammary tumors are associated with augmented apoptosis via activation of the intrinsic pathway in HypoT rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M López Fontana
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - L E Zyla
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - F E Santiano
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - C V Sasso
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - F D Cuello-Carrión
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - V Pistone Creydt
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - M A Fanelli
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R W Carón
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), CCT-Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz-Leal s/n, CC855, Mendoza, Argentina
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31
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Jin X, Li T, Zhang L, Ma J, Yu L, Li C, Niu L. Environmental Enrichment Improves Spatial Learning and Memory in Vascular Dementia Rats with Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:207-215. [PMID: 28082734 PMCID: PMC5253348 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental enrichment (EE) has a beneficial effect on some neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether environmental enrichment could improve the spatial learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia (VaD) and the mechanism underpinning it. Material/Methods Bilateral common carotid occlusion (2-vessel occlusion [2VO]) was used to develop the animal model of vascular dementia. Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, 2VO group, sham+EE group, and 2VO+EE group (n=19/group). The 2VO group and 2VO+EE group underwent bilateral common carotid occlusion. Two different housing conditions were used in this experiment: standard environment (SE) and enriched environment (EE). Rats in the sham group and 2VO group were put into SE cages for 4 weeks, while rats in the sham+EE group and 2VO+EE group were put in EE cages for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze and Y-maze were used to assess spatial learning and memory. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. The damage of neurons in the hippocampus was assessed by Nissl staining. The level of wnt pathway proteins were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the 2VO group, the rats in the 2VO+EE group had better behavioral performance, fewer apoptotic neurons, and more surviving neurons. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of wnt pathway proteins were higher in 2VO+EE rats than in the 2VO group. Conclusions Environmental enrichment can improve the spatial learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia, and the mechanism may be related to activation of the wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Chonggang, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jingxi Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lingchuan Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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32
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4.1N is involved in a flotillin-1/β-catenin/Wnt pathway and suppresses cell proliferation and migration in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12713-12723. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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33
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Lu C, Wang X, Zhu H, Feng J, Ni S, Huang J. Over-expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a cooperatively correlates with unfavorable prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:24912-21. [PMID: 26305508 PMCID: PMC4694803 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the expression of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR) 2 and Wnt5a and their prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a in 219 patients. mRNA expression of ROR2 and Wnt5a was examined in 20 pairs of NSCLC and matched adjacent normal tissues by real-time PCR. Compared with non-tumorous tissues, both mRNA expression and protein product of ROR2 and Wnt5a genes were significantly increased in NSCLC. c2 analysis revealed that high ROR2 or Wnt5a expression in NSCLC was significantly associated with advanced TNM stage. High expression of both ROR2 and Wnt5a was also related to advanced TNM stage. Multivariate analyses suggested that ROR2, Wnt5a and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors in NSCLC. Our clinical findings suggest that high ROR2 or Wnt5a expression is associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC, and combined detection of ROR2 and Wnt5a is helpful in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlin Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Songshi Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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34
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Dal S, Sigrist S. The Protective Effect of Antioxidants Consumption on Diabetes and Vascular Complications. Diseases 2016; 4:E24. [PMID: 28933404 PMCID: PMC5456287 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes is generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress, disequilibrium in the redox balance, implicated in the development and progression of complications such as micro- and macro-angiopathies. Disorders in the inner layer of blood vessels, the endothelium, play an early and critical role in the development of these complications. Blunted endothelium-dependent relaxation and/or contractions are quietly associated to oxidative stress. Thus, preserving endothelial function and oxidative stress seems to be an optimization strategy in the prevention of vascular complications associated with diabetes. Diet is a major lifestyle factor that can greatly influence the incidence and the progression of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. The notion that foods not only provide basic nutrition but can also prevent diseases and ensure good health and longevity is now attained greater prominence. Some dietary and lifestyle modifications associated to antioxidative supply could be an effective prophylactic means to fight against oxidative stress in diabesity and complications. A significant benefit of phytochemicals (polyphenols in wine, grape, teas), vitamins (ascorbate, tocopherol), minerals (selenium, magnesium), and fruits and vegetables in foods is thought to be capable of scavenging free radicals, lowering the incidence of chronic diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative stress in diabetes and complications, highlight the endothelial dysfunction, and examine the impact of antioxidant foods, plants, fruits, and vegetables, currently used medication with antioxidant properties, in relation to the development and progression of diabetes and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dal
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
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35
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Zhang Q, Liu S, Parajuli KR, Zhang W, Zhang K, Mo Z, Liu J, Chen Z, Yang S, Wang AR, Myers L, You Z. Interleukin-17 promotes prostate cancer via MMP7-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncogene 2016; 36:687-699. [PMID: 27375020 PMCID: PMC5213194 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been associated with a variety of human cancers including prostate cancer. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a critical pro-inflammatory cytokine, which has been demonstrated to promote development of prostate cancer, colon cancer, skin cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and pancreas cancer. IL-17 promotes prostate adenocarcinoma with a concurrent increase of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) expression in mouse prostate. Whether MMP7 mediates IL-17’s action and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We generated Mmp7 and Pten double knockout (Mmp7−/− in abbreviation) mouse model and demonstrated that MMP7 promotes prostate adenocarcinoma through induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Pten-null mice. MMP7 disrupted E-cadherin/β-catenin complex to up-regulate EMT transcription factors in mouse prostate tumors. IL-17 receptor C and Pten double knockout mice recapitulated the weak EMT characteristics observed in Mmp7−/− mice. IL-17 induced MMP7 and EMT in human prostate cancer LNCaP, C4-2B, and PC-3 cell lines, while siRNA knockdown of MMP7 inhibited IL-17-induced EMT. Compound III, a selective MMP7 inhibitor, decreased development of invasive prostate cancer in Pten single knockout mice. In human normal prostates and prostate tumors, IL-17 mRNA levels were positively correlated with MMP7 mRNA levels. These findings demonstrate that MMP7 mediates IL-17’s function in promoting prostate carcinogenesis through induction of EMT, indicating IL-17-MMP7-EMT axis as potential targets for developing new strategies in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - S Liu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - K R Parajuli
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Biostatistics Facility of RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - K Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Biostatistics Facility of RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Z Mo
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - S Yang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Urology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - A R Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - L Myers
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Z You
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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36
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Donmez HG, Demirezen S, Beksac MS. The relationship between beta-catenin and apoptosis: A cytological and immunocytochemical examination. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:160-7. [PMID: 27105607 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the adhesive role of beta-catenin by caspases has been reported; however, the relationship between the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and apoptosis remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate squamous epithelial cells in cervicovaginal smears by using cytological and immunocytochemical methods to observe changes in the presence and localization of beta-catenin during apoptosis, death receptor-, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. We investigated 224 cervicovaginal smears using the Papanicolaou method. Anti-beta-catenin and anti-cleaved caspase 3, 8, and 9 antibodies were used for immunocytochemical staining. Apoptotic cells were negative for beta-catenin. This showed that the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was inactive in apoptotic cells. However, beta-catenin showed intense positivity in the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus of non-apoptotic epithelial cells around these apoptotic cells. Therefore, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was active in non-apoptotic epithelial cells, and this activity in non-apoptotic cells may have been induced by apoptotic cells. A highly significant association between the presence of death receptor-mediated apoptosis and the activity of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was also found (P<0.001). In conclusion, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway was found to be inactive in apoptotic cells, but apoptotic cells may induce the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in non-apoptotic cells to compensate for a decrease in epithelial cells because of apoptosis in order to maintain epithelial tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Guler Donmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sayeste Demirezen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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37
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Aminomethylphosphonic acid and methoxyacetic acid induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11750-65. [PMID: 26006246 PMCID: PMC4463728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and its parent compound herbicide glyphosate are analogs to glycine, which have been reported to inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of cancer cells, but not normal cells. Methoxyacetic acid (MAA) is the active metabolite of ester phthalates widely used in industry as gelling, viscosity and stabilizer; its exposure is associated with developmental and reproductive toxicities in both rodents and humans. MAA has been reported to suppress prostate cancer cell growth by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis. However, it is unknown whether AMPA and MAA can inhibit cancer cell growth. In this study, we found that AMPA and MAA inhibited cell growth in prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, PC-3 and DU-145) through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Importantly, the AMPA-induced apoptosis was potentiated with the addition of MAA, which was due to downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein repeat containing 2 (BIRC2), leading to activation of caspases 7 and 3. These results demonstrate that the combination of AMPA and MAA can promote the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, suggesting that they can be used as potential therapeutic drugs in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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38
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New Insights for Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:875961. [PMID: 26064426 PMCID: PMC4443788 DOI: 10.1155/2015/875961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of oxidative stress are considered critical factors for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disorder that is growing in prevalence and results in significant economic loss. New therapeutic directions that address the detrimental effects of oxidative stress may be especially warranted to develop effective care for the millions of individuals that currently suffer from DM. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) are especially justified to be considered treatment targets for DM since these pathways can address the complex relationship between stem cells, trophic factors, impaired glucose tolerance, programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy, tissue remodeling, cellular energy homeostasis, and vascular biology that greatly impact the biology and disease progression of DM. The translation and development of these pathways into viable therapies will require detailed understanding of their proliferative nature to maximize clinical efficacy and limit adverse effects that have the potential to lead to unintended consequences.
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39
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Wang Z, Ma LJ, Kang Y, Li X, Zhang XJ. Dickkopf-3 (Dkk3) induces apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1097-106. [PMID: 25573172 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Dickkopf‑3 (Dkk3) is inactivated in lung cancer cells, while the inactivation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway by Dkk3 inhibits lung cancer progression. In the present study, we investigated whether Dkk3 enhances the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. A549, Calu1 and H460 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were transfected with DKK3 siRNA, while the cisplatin‑resistant subline A549cis was transfected with DKK3. DKK3 expression was attenuated in A549cis, Calu1cis and H460cis compared to A549, Calu1 and H460, respectively. Lung adenocarcinoma cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle in vitro and in vivo were then analyzed. DKK3 knockdown by siRNA transfection rendered A549, Calu1 and H460 resistant to cisplatin. As a result of DKK3 transfection, the expression of DKK3 and E‑cadherin was significantly upregulated, while that of MMP7, survivin, c‑myc and cyclin D1 was downregulated. DKK3 overexpression retarded cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and reduced cell invasive ability in the A549 and A549cis cells. In addition, the proportions of apoptotic cells and the PARP level were significantly increased in A549cis‑ and H460cis‑DKK3 cells treated with cisplatin. Moreover, tumor growth was retarded more in cisplatin‑treated nude mice seeded with A549cis‑DKK3 cells than with A549cis cells. Cell viability increased with the pretreatment of SB216763 for 2 h in A549cis and A549cis‑DKK3 cells incubated with cisplatin (1 µM) for 72 h. In conclusion, the re‑activation of Dkk3 enhances the chemosensitivity to cisplatin in cisplatin‑resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, which requires additional studies to realize this potential in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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40
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Wu K, Zhou M, Wu QX, Yuan SX, Wang DX, Jin JL, Huang J, Yang JQ, Sun WJ, Wan LH, He BC. The role of IGFBP-5 in mediating the anti-proliferation effect of tetrandrine in human colon cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:1205-13. [PMID: 25524807 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies, causes considerable morbidity and mortality. The current treatment for colon cancer is more modest than had been hoped. There is an urgent clinical need to explore new agents or adjuvants for colon cancer treatment. Natural products and their derivates act as one of the major source for anticancer agent. In the present study, we investigated the anti-proliferation and chemoprevention effects of tetrandrine (Tet) on colon cancer cells to uncover the possible molecular basis of this effect. We found that Tet can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in LoVo cells. With dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced colon cancer model, we found that Tet can prevent or inhibit DMH plus DSS induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon cancer formation, as well as suppress tumor growth in the xenograft colon cancer model. Tet can downregulate the expression of IGFBP-5 in LoVo cells. Exogenous expression of IGFBP-5 can attenuate the anti-cancer activity of Tet, while IGFBP-5 knockdown potentiates this effect of Tet on LoVo cells. Tet can inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction, which can be partly reversed by exogenous expression of IGFBP-5, but is enhanced by IGFBP-5 knockdown. Our results demonstrated that the anticancer activity of Tet in colon cancer cells may be mediated partly by downregulating the expression of IGFBP-5, thus inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Xu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Li Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Wan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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41
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Xu J, Chen Y, Huo D, Khramtsov A, Khramtsova G, Zhang C, Goss KH, Olopade OI. β-catenin regulates c-Myc and CDKN1A expression in breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:431-9. [PMID: 25663530 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that the Wnt pathway is preferentially activated in basal-like breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which the Wnt pathway regulates down-stream targets in basal-like breast cancer, and the biological significance of this regulation, are poorly understood. In this study, we found that c-Myc is highly expressed in the basal-like subtype by microarray analyses and immunohistochemical staining. After silencing β-catenin using siRNA, c-Myc expression was decreased in non-basal-like breast cancer cells. In contrast, c-Myc mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in the basal-like breast cancer cell lines. Decreased c-Myc promoter activity was observed after inhibiting β-catenin by siRNA in non-basal-like breast cancer cells; however, inhibition of β-catenin or over-expression of dominant-negative LEF1 had no effect on c-Myc promoter activity in basal-like breast cancer cell lines. In addition, CDKN1A mRNA and p21 protein expression were significantly increased in all breast cancer cell lines upon β-catenin silencing. Interestingly, inhibiting β-catenin expression alone did not induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines despite c-Myc regulation, but we observed a modest increase of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and decrease of cells in S phase upon β-catenin silencing. Our findings suggest that the regulation of c-Myc in breast cancer cells is dependent on the molecular subtype, and that β-catenin-mediated regulation of c-Myc and p21 may control the balance of cell death and proliferation in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Xu
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois.,School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrey Khramtsov
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois
| | - Galina Khramtsova
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois
| | - Kathleen H Goss
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago,, Illinois.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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42
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Maiese K. Programming apoptosis and autophagy with novel approaches for diabetes mellitus. Curr Neurovasc Res 2015; 12:173-88. [PMID: 25742566 PMCID: PMC4380829 DOI: 10.2174/1567202612666150305110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, diabetes mellitus (DM) in the year 2030 will be ranked the seventh leading cause of death in the world. DM impacts all systems of the body with oxidant stress controlling cell fate through endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in uncoupling proteins, and the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Multiple treatment approaches are being entertained for DM with Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1) generating significant interest as target pathways that can address maintenance of glucose homeostasis as well as prevention of cellular pathology by controlling insulin resistance, stem cell proliferation, and the programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy. WISP1, mTOR, and SIRT1 can rely upon similar pathways such as AMP activated protein kinase as well as govern cellular metabolism through cytokines such as EPO and oral hypoglycemics such as metformin. Yet, these pathways require precise biological control to exclude potentially detrimental clinical outcomes. Further elucidation of the ability to translate the roles of WISP1, mTOR, and SIRT1 into effective clinical avenues offers compelling prospects for new therapies against DM that can benefit hundreds of millions of individuals throughout the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- MD, Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.
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43
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Parajuli KR, Zhang Q, Liu S, Patel NK, Lu H, Zeng SX, Wang G, Zhang C, You Z. Methoxyacetic acid suppresses prostate cancer cell growth by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2014; 2:300-312. [PMID: 25606576 PMCID: PMC4297326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Methoxyacetic acid (MAA) is a primary metabolite of ester phthalates that are used in production of consumer products and pharmaceutical products. MAA causes embryo malformation and spermatocyte death through inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Little is known about MAA's effects on cancer cells. In this study, two immortalized human normal prostatic epithelial cell lines (RWPE-1 and pRNS-1-1) and four human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, PC-3, and DU-145) were treated with MAA at different doses and for different time periods. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis were performed using flow cytometry and chemical assays. Gene expression and binding to DNA were assessed using real-time PCR, Western blot, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. We found that MAA dose-dependently inhibited prostate cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. MAA-induced apoptosis was due to down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic gene baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein repeat containing 2 (BIRC2, also named cIAP1), leading to activation of caspases 7 and 3 and turning on the downstream apoptotic events. MAA-induced cell cycle arrest (mainly G1 arrest) was due to up-regulation of p21 expression at the early time and down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK2 expression at the late time. MAA up-regulated p21 expression through inhibition of HDAC activities, independently of p53/p63/p73. These findings demonstrate that MAA suppresses prostate cancer cell growth by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis, which suggests that MAA could be used as a potential therapeutic drug for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshab R Parajuli
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Neil K Patel
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of LouisianaNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Changde Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of LouisianaNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
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44
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Xu X, Kim JE, Sun PL, Yoo SB, Kim H, Jin Y, Chung JH. Immunohistochemical demonstration of alteration of β-catenin during tumor metastasis by different mechanisms according to histology in lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:311-318. [PMID: 25574191 PMCID: PMC4280991 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein β-catenin exhibits a dual function in cells, by acting as a major structural component of cell-cell adherens junctions and as a central signaling molecule in the Wnt signaling pathway. However, how the regulation of β-catenin expression during tumor metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) varies according to histological type remains unclear. To investigate the regulatory mechanism of β-catenin on tumor metastasis, the present study compared the expression of Wnt1, β-catenin and E-cadherin in 41 primary NSCLC tumors and their corresponding metastatic lesions by immunohistochemistry. Altered expression of β-catenin was more frequent in the metastatic tumors (34/41, 82.9%) than in the corresponding primary tumors (24/41, 58.5%; P<0.05). There were 12 cases [nine of adenocarcinoma (ADC) and three of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC)] that revealed discordant β-catenin expression between the primary tumors and the corresponding metastatic lesions. Of these, 11 cases (11/12, 91.7%; nine ADCs and two SqCCs) demonstrated acquired β-catenin alterations in the metastatic lesions. Subgroup analysis of these nine ADCs revealed that six cases (6/9, 66.7%) were accompanied by E-cadherin loss but no Wnt1 overexpression. Subgroup analysis of the three SqCCs revealed discordant β-catenin expression. Two cases (2/3, 66.7%) demonstrated acquired β-catenin expression during metastatic progression with Wnt1 overexpression but no change in E-cadherin expression. One case of SqCC revealed normal β-catenin expression in the metastasis although the expression was aberrant in the primary tumor. The results of the present study revealed that the changes in β-catenin expression occurred during tumor metastasis by different mechanisms, depending on histological type. The alterations in β-catenin expression may be regulated by a cadherin-catenin system in ADCs with reduced membranous expression of E-cadherin, but mediated by Wnt1 overexpression in SqCCs with cytoplasmic or nuclear transition types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul 156-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping-Li Sun
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Bong Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju 560-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Haeng Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 463-707, Republic of Korea
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45
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Ding Y, Su S, Tang W, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhu G, Liang J, Wei W, Guo Y, Liu L, Chen YG, Wu W. Enrichment of the β-catenin-TCF complex at the S and G2 phases ensures cell survival and cell cycle progression. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:4833-45. [PMID: 25236602 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.146977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt-β-catenin (β-catenin is also known as CTNNB1 in human) signaling through the β-catenin-TCF complex plays crucial roles in tissue homeostasis. Wnt-stimulated β-catenin-TCF complex accumulation in the nucleus regulates cell survival, proliferation and differentiation through the transcription of target genes. Compared with their levels in G1, activation of the receptor LRP6 and cytosolic β-catenin are both upregulated in G2 cells. However, accumulation of the Wnt pathway negative regulator AXIN2 also occurs in this phase. Therefore, it is unclear whether Wnt signaling is active in G2 phase cells. Here, we established a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) biosensor system for the direct visualization of the β-catenin-TCF interaction in living cells. Using the BiFC biosensor and co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we demonstrate that levels of the nucleus-localized β-catenin-TCF complex increase during the S and G2 phases, and declines in the next G1 phase. Accordingly, a subset of Wnt target genes is transcribed by the β-catenin-TCF complex during both the S and G2 phases. By contrast, transient inhibition of this complex disturbs both cell survival and G2/M progression. Our results suggest that in S and G2 phase cells, Wnt-β-catenin signaling is highly active and functions to ensure cell survival and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shang Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weixin Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengyao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guixin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juan Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wensheng Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Mill C, Monk BA, Williams H, Simmonds SJ, Jeremy JY, Johnson JL, George SJ. Wnt5a-induced Wnt1-inducible secreted protein-1 suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2449-56. [PMID: 25212236 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to thinning and rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque fibrous cap and is thereby associated with myocardial infarction. Wnt protein activation of β-catenin regulates numerous genes that are associated with cell survival. We therefore investigated Wnt/β-catenin survival signaling in VSMCs and assessed the presence of this pathway in human atherosclerotic plaques at various stages of the disease process. APPROACH AND RESULTS Wnt5a induced β-catenin/T-cell factor signaling and retarded oxidative stress (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis in mouse aortic VSMCs. Quantification of mRNA levels revealed a >4-fold (P<0.05; n=9) increase in the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin responsive gene, Wnt1-inducible secreted protein-1 (WISP-1), which was dependent on cAMP response element-binding protein and sustained in the presence of H₂O₂. Exogenous WISP-1 significantly reduced H₂O₂-induced apoptosis by 43% (P<0.05; n=3) and was shown using silencing small interfering RNA, to be important for Wnt5a-dependent survival responses to H₂O₂ (P<0.05; n=3). WISP-1 protein levels were significantly lower (≈50%) in unstable atherosclerosis compared with stable plaques (n=11 and n=14). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate for the first time that Wnt5a induces β-catenin survival signaling in VSMCs via WISP-1. The deficiency of the novel survival factor, WISP-1 in intimal VSMCs of unstable coronary plaques, suggests that there is altered Wnt/β-catenin/ T-cell factor signaling with progressive atherosclerosis, and restoration of WISP-1 protein might be an effective stabilization factor for vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Mill
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan Alice Monk
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Williams
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steven John Simmonds
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Yancey Jeremy
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Lee Johnson
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jane George
- From the School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Liu L, Christodoulou-Vafeiadou E, Rao JN, Zou T, Xiao L, Chung HK, Yang H, Gorospe M, Kontoyiannis D, Wang JY. RNA-binding protein HuR promotes growth of small intestinal mucosa by activating the Wnt signaling pathway. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:3308-18. [PMID: 25165135 PMCID: PMC4214778 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-03-0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of growth of the intestinal epithelium, a rapidly self-renewing tissue, is commonly found in various critical disorders. The RNA-binding protein HuR is highly expressed in the gut mucosa and modulates the stability and translation of target mRNAs, but its exact biological function in the intestinal epithelium remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of HuR in intestinal homeostasis using a genetic model and further defined its target mRNAs. Targeted deletion of HuR in intestinal epithelial cells caused significant mucosal atrophy in the small intestine, as indicated by decreased cell proliferation within the crypts and subsequent shrinkages of crypts and villi. In addition, the HuR-deficient intestinal epithelium also displayed decreased regenerative potential of crypt progenitors after exposure to irradiation. HuR deficiency decreased expression of the Wnt coreceptor LDL receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) in the mucosal tissues. At the molecular level, HuR was found to bind the Lrp6 mRNA via its 3'-untranslated region and enhanced LRP6 expression by stabilizing Lrp6 mRNA and stimulating its translation. These results indicate that HuR is essential for normal mucosal growth in the small intestine by altering Wnt signals through up-regulation of LRP6 expression and highlight a novel role of HuR deficiency in the pathogenesis of intestinal mucosal atrophy under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | | | - Jaladanki N Rao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Tongtong Zou
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Lan Xiao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Hee Kyoung Chung
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Hong Yang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | | | - Jian-Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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48
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Perez-Yepez EA, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Lezama R, Meza I. A novel β-catenin signaling pathway activated by IL-1β leads to the onset of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:164-71. [PMID: 25135221 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 1β has been associated with tumor development, invasiveness and metastasis in various types of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association have not been clearly elucidated. The present study is the first to show, in breast cancer cells, that an IL-1β/IL-1RI/β-catenin signaling pathway induces β-catenin accumulation due to GSK3β inactivation by Akt phosphorylation. Translocation to the nucleus of accumulated β-catenin and formation of the TCF/Lef/β-catenin complex induce sequential expression of c-MYC, CCDN1, SNAIL1 and MMP2, leading to up-regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion; all of the processes shown to be required, in cancerous cells, to initiate transition from a non-invading to an invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Andres Perez-Yepez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF 07360, Mexico
| | - Jorge-Tonatiuh Ayala-Sumuano
- Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Ruth Lezama
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu y Calzada Miguel Stampa s/n, México DF 07738, Mexico
| | - Isaura Meza
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF 07360, Mexico.
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Overexpression of Wnt5a promotes angiogenesis in NSCLC. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:832562. [PMID: 24999479 PMCID: PMC4066942 DOI: 10.1155/2014/832562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate Wnt5a expression and its role in angiogenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immunohistochemistry and CD31/PAS double staining were performed to examine the Wnt5a expression and we analyze the relationships between Wnt5a and microvessel density (MVD), vasculogenic mimicry (VM), and some related proteins. About 61.95% of cases of 205 NSCLC specimens exhibited high expression of Wnt5a. Wnt5a expression level was upregulated in the majority of NSCLC tissues, especially in squamous cell carcinoma, while its expression level in adenocarcinoma was the lowest. Wnt5a was also found more frequently expressed in male patients than in female patients. Except for histological classification and gender, little association was found between Wnt5a and clinicopathological features. Moreover, Wnt5a was significantly correlated with prognosis. Overall, Wnt5a-positive expression in patients with NSCLC indicated shorter survival time. As for vascularization in NSCLC, Wnt5a showed close association with VM and MVD. In addition, Wnt5a was positively related with β-catenin-nu, VE-cadherin, MMP2, and MMP9. The results demonstrated that overexpression of Wnt5a may play an important role in NSCLC angiogenesis and it may function via canonical Wnt signal pathway. This study will provide evidence for further research on NSCLC and also will provide new possible target for NSCLC diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.
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50
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Li J, Bai X, Zou Y, Hao Y, Xu X. Aberration of the Wnt signaling pathway in pulmonary fatal adenocarcinoma: a case report. Chin J Cancer Res 2014; 26:E13-6. [PMID: 24653638 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2014.02.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of a 58-year-old woman showed a homogeneous well-defined perihilar mass in the right upper lobe and fully surrounded by aerated parenchyma at computed tomography (CT). A right upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node sampling was performed. A pathologic diagnosis of well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung was made and staged as T2bN0M0. For the expression of Wnt signaling pathway molecules, positive expressions of Wnt1, β-catenin, c-Myc, Cyclin D1and MMP7 were especially prominent in budding solid nests, but not in glandular structures. The nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of β-catenin accompanied upregulation of Wnt signaling pathway molecules in budding solid nests. These results demonstrated that elevated nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin in fatal adenocarcinoma might be regulated by the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Li
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2 Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinhua Bai
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2 Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yufeng Zou
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2 Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yanyong Hao
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2 Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xianhua Xu
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2 Department of Pathology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
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