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Zhu Q, Wan L, Huang H, Liao Z. IL-1β, the first piece to the puzzle of sepsis-related cognitive impairment? Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1370406. [PMID: 38665289 PMCID: PMC11043581 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1370406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of death resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response to an infectious agent. Multiple organ injuries, including brain injuries, are common in sepsis. The underlying mechanism of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which is associated with neuroinflammation, is not yet fully understood. Recent studies suggest that the release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) following activation of microglial cells plays a crucial role in the development of long-lasting neuroinflammation after the initial sepsis episode. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent literature on the molecular signaling pathways involved in microglial cell activation and interleukin-1β release. It also explores the physiological and pathophysiological role of IL-1β in cognitive function, with a particular focus on its contribution to long-lasting neuroinflammation after sepsis. The findings from this review may assist healthcare providers in developing novel interventions against SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnostic Center Nursing and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Soucy JR, Todd L, Kriukov E, Phay M, Malechka VV, Rivera JD, Reh TA, Baranov P. Controlling donor and newborn neuron migration and maturation in the eye through microenvironment engineering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302089120. [PMID: 37931105 PMCID: PMC10655587 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302089120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing cell therapy trials have demonstrated the need for precision control of donor cell behavior within the recipient tissue. We present a methodology to guide stem cell-derived and endogenously regenerated neurons by engineering the microenvironment. Being an "approachable part of the brain," the eye provides a unique opportunity to study neuron fate and function within the central nervous system. Here, we focused on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)-the neurons in the retina are irreversibly lost in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies but can potentially be replaced through transplantation or reprogramming. One of the significant barriers to successful RGC integration into the existing mature retinal circuitry is cell migration toward their natural position in the retina. Our in silico analysis of the single-cell transcriptome of the developing human retina identified six receptor-ligand candidates, which were tested in functional in vitro assays for their ability to guide human stem cell-derived RGCs. We used our lead molecule, SDF1, to engineer an artificial gradient in the retina, which led to a 2.7-fold increase in donor RGC migration into the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and a 3.3-fold increase in the displacement of newborn RGCs out of the inner nuclear layer. Only donor RGCs that migrated into the GCL were found to express mature RGC markers, indicating the importance of proper structure integration. Together, these results describe an "in silico-in vitro-in vivo" framework for identifying, selecting, and applying soluble ligands to control donor cell function after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Soucy
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Levi Todd
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Emil Kriukov
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Monichan Phay
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Volha V. Malechka
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - John Dayron Rivera
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Thomas A. Reh
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Petr Baranov
- The Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
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Seo J, Youn W, Choi JY, Cho H, Choi H, Lanara C, Stratakis E, Choi IS. Neuro-taxis: Neuronal movement in gradients of chemical and physical environments. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:361-377. [PMID: 32304173 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental chemical and physical cues dynamically interact with migrating neurons and sprouting axons, and in particular, the gradients of environmental cues are regarded as one of the factors intimately involved in the neuronal movement. Since a growth cone was first described by Cajal, more than one century ago, chemical gradients have been suggested as one of the mechanisms by which the neurons determine proper paths and destinations. However, the gradients of physical cues, such as stiffness and topography, which also interact constantly with the neurons and their axons as a component of the extracellular environments, have rarely been noted regarding the guidance of neurons, despite their gradually increasingly reported influences in the case of nonneuronal-cell migration. In this review, we discuss chemical (i.e., chemo- and hapto-) and physical (i.e., duro-) taxis phenomena on the movement of neurons including axonal elongation. In addition, we suggest topotaxis, the most recently proposed physical-taxis phenomenon, as another potential mechanism in the neuronal movement, based on the reports of neuronal recognition of and responses to nanotopography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wongu Youn
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Yu Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | | | - Christina Lanara
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Physics Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Insung S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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Quinn PM, Wijnholds J. Retinogenesis of the Human Fetal Retina: An Apical Polarity Perspective. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E987. [PMID: 31795518 PMCID: PMC6947654 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Crumbs complex has prominent roles in the control of apical cell polarity, in the coupling of cell density sensing to downstream cell signaling pathways, and in regulating junctional structures and cell adhesion. The Crumbs complex acts as a conductor orchestrating multiple downstream signaling pathways in epithelial and neuronal tissue development. These pathways lead to the regulation of cell size, cell fate, cell self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, migration, mitosis, and apoptosis. In retinogenesis, these are all pivotal processes with important roles for the Crumbs complex to maintain proper spatiotemporal cell processes. Loss of Crumbs function in the retina results in loss of the stratified appearance resulting in retinal degeneration and loss of visual function. In this review, we begin by discussing the physiology of vision. We continue by outlining the processes of retinogenesis and how well this is recapitulated between the human fetal retina and human embryonic stem cell (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal organoids. Additionally, we discuss the functionality of in utero and preterm human fetal retina and the current level of functionality as detected in human stem cell-derived organoids. We discuss the roles of apical-basal cell polarity in retinogenesis with a focus on Leber congenital amaurosis which leads to blindness shortly after birth. Finally, we discuss Crumbs homolog (CRB)-based gene augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M.J. Quinn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan Wijnholds
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Batool S, Raza H, Zaidi J, Riaz S, Hasan S, Syed NI. Synapse formation: from cellular and molecular mechanisms to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurophysiol 2019; 121:1381-1397. [PMID: 30759043 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00833.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise patterns of neuronal assembly during development determine all functional outputs of a nervous system; these may range from simple reflexes to learning, memory, cognition, etc. To understand how brain functions and how best to repair it after injury, disease, or trauma, it is imperative that we first seek to define fundamental steps mediating this neuronal assembly. To acquire the sophisticated ensemble of highly specialized networks seen in a mature brain, all proliferated and migrated neurons must extend their axonal and dendritic processes toward targets, which are often located at some distance. Upon contact with potential partners, neurons must undergo dramatic structural changes to become either a pre- or a postsynaptic neuron. This connectivity is cemented through specialized structures termed synapses. Both structurally and functionally, the newly formed synapses are, however, not static as they undergo consistent changes in order for an animal to meet its behavioral needs in a changing environment. These changes may be either in the form of new synapses or an enhancement of their synaptic efficacy, referred to as synaptic plasticity. Thus, synapse formation is not restricted to neurodevelopment; it is a process that remains active throughout life. As the brain ages, either the lack of neuronal activity or cell death render synapses dysfunctional, thus giving rise to neurodegenerative disorders. This review seeks to highlight salient steps that are involved in a neuron's journey, starting with the establishment, maturation, and consolidation of synapses; we particularly focus on identifying key players involved in the synaptogenic program. We hope that this endeavor will not only help the beginners in this field to understand how brain networks are assembled in the first place but also shed light on various neurodevelopmental, neurological, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders that involve synaptic inactivity or dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Batool
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hussain Raza
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jawwad Zaidi
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Saba Riaz
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sean Hasan
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Naweed I Syed
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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MARVELD1 depletion leads to dysfunction of motor and cognition via regulating glia-dependent neuronal migration during brain development. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:999. [PMID: 30250269 PMCID: PMC6155261 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of functional neuronal connectivity is dependent on the neuronal migration and the accurate positioning of neurons in the developing brain. Abnormal neuronal migration can trigger neuronal maturation defects and apoptosis. However, many genetic bases remain unclear in neuronal migration disorders during brain development. In this study, we reported that MARVELD1-defected mice displayed motor and cognitive dysfunction resulting from aberrant neuronal migration during brain development. The laminar organization of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum in MARVELD1 knockout (KO) mice is disrupted, indicating impaired radial neuronal migration. Furthermore, we used the cerebellum as a model to explore the radial neuronal migration processes, and the results demonstrated that the proper neuronal migration depended on MARVELD1 expression in glial cells of the developing brain. MARVELD1 suppressed the expression of ITGB1 and FAK Tyr397 phosphorylation in glia-dependent manner. The inhibition of the MARVELD1/ITGB1/FAK signalling pathway in MARVELD1 KO mice could reverse the defects in neuronal migration in vitro. Our findings revealed that MARVELD1 regulated neuronal migration by mediating the formation of glial fibres and ITGB1/FAK signalling pathway. The depletion of MARVELD1 during mouse brain development led to the abnormity of motor and cognition functions.
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